Right prefrontal function and coping strategies in patients with remitted major depressive disorder.

Background: Patients with remitted major depressive disorder (rMDD) generally rely on maladaptive coping strategies for stressful situations. These maladaptive copings are associated with an elevated relapse risk of rMDD; however, their neural basis remains poorly understood.

Methods: We enrolled (1) 45 patients with rMDD (17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HRSD] total score ≤ 3) and (2) 56 healthy controls (HCs).

Shared and differential cortical functional abnormalities associated with inhibitory control in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar I disorder (BD-I) share genetic risk factors and cognitive impairments, but these conditions may exhibit differences in cortical functioning associated with inhibitory control. We measured hemodynamic responses during a stop-signal task using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in 20 patients with SZ, 21 patients with BD-I and 18 healthy controls (HCs). We used stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) to estimate behavioural inhibition.

Relationship between prefrontal hemodynamic responses and quality of life differs between melancholia and non-melancholic depression.

This study aimed to determine whether quality of life (QOL) reflects specific functional abnormalities of frontotemporal hemodynamic responses in melancholia. We recruited 30 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) with melancholic features (MDD-MF), 52 with non-melancholic features (MDD-NMF), and 68 healthy control subjects who were matched for age, sex ratio, and years of education. QOL was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), and regional hemodynamic responses during a verbal fluency task were monitored with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).

Prefrontal cortex activation is associated with a discrepancy between self- and observer-rated depression severities of major depressive disorder: a multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Background: Studies on major depressive disorder (MDD) show that the degree of correlation between the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) varies widely. We aimed to determine whether this discrepancy reflects specific functional abnormalities in the frontotemporal cortex.

Methods: Mildly depressed or euthymic patients with MDD (n=52), including 21 patients with MDD with the discrepancy, i.

Left temporal activation associated with depression severity during a verbal fluency task in patients with bipolar disorder: a multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Background: Neuroimaging studies using multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have provided compelling evidence about the dysfunction of the frontotemporal cortices in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). However, it remains unclear whether the dysfunction is associated with mood state or symptom severity. Using NIRS, we aimed to clarify differences in oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) activation between depressive and euthymic states as well as regional brain dysfunction in relation to symptom severity in BD.

Right temporal activation differs between melancholia and nonmelancholic depression: a multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy study.

The aim of this study was to determine whether melancholia differs from nonmelancholic depression in frontotemporal functioning by means of multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy. We recruited 32 major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with melancholic features (MDD-MF), 28 MDD patients with nonmelancholic features (MDD-NMF), and 24 healthy controls. Regional hemodynamic changes induced by a verbal fluency task (VFT) were monitored, and their correlations with depressive symptoms were examined.