Publications by authors named "Wakabayashi M"
Background: Nivolumab is the standard treatment for platinum-refractory recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M-HNSCC). Several studies have reported the efficacy of paclitaxel plus cetuximab (PC) combination therapy in this patient population.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with platinum-refractory R/M-HNSCC treated with nivolumab or PC at our institution between January 2015 and March 2022.
Objective: The impact of suture materials on surgical site infections (SSIs) has been well documented in various surgical fields; however, it has not been thoroughly examined in oral oncological surgery with free-flap reconstruction. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of oral SSIs associated with the use of monofilament and braided sutures for flap fixation.
Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients who underwent oral oncological resection with free-flap reconstruction was conducted between May 2020 and April 2024.
Background/aim: This study aimed to predict the optimal timing for adaptive radiation therapy (ART) using two-dimensional X-ray image-based water equivalent thickness (2DWET).
Patients And Methods: Forty patients with oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer underwent Computed Tomography (CT) rescanning during treatment. An adaptive score (AS) was proposed to guide ART decisions based on changes in four dose indices: target coverage, spinal cord dose, parotid gland dose, and over-dose volume.
Purpose: This multi-institutional observational study aimed to assess the incidence, severity, and impact of radiotherapy-related late toxicities of the cervical skin and soft tissue in head and neck cancer patients. We also explored patient interest in fat grafting as a potential treatment for skin and soft tissue sequelae.
Methods: This study was conducted across 19 institutions in Japan.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines how flat rate pricing for unlimited alcohol at restaurants and bars affects drinking behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on problematic consumption patterns as measured by the AUDIT.
- Data from a large survey of nearly 20,000 current drinkers showed that those using flat rate pricing reported significantly higher rates of problem drinking and binge drinking compared to non-users.
- The findings suggest that flat rate pricing is linked to increased hazardous drinking and probable alcohol use disorders, indicating a potential risk factor for heavy alcohol consumption.
Neurological surgery requires techniques and equipment to magnify the delicate brain structures and blood vessels that are difficult to discern with the naked eye. The introduction of surgical microscopes in the 1960s marked a breakthrough leading to the development of microsurgery and significant improvements in the safety and efficacy of neurosurgery. Subsequently, minimally invasive neurosurgery became prevalent, particularly with advancements in endoscopic technology in the 1990s.
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- The study examined the effects of combining pembrolizumab and ramucirumab as neoadjuvant therapy for patients with PD-L1-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
- Results showed a 50% major pathologic response rate among 24 patients, with six achieving complete pathologic response.
- The combination was feasible, indicating that angiogenesis inhibitors like ramucirumab could enhance the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors against tumors.
In patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who present with radiologically undetermined malignant pleural dissemination or incidental surgical diagnosis of the same, surgery is generally not the preferred option; systemic therapy is favoured. However, there is no consensus on incorporating primary site resection into the treatment plan. Retrospective analyses hint at potential benefits of combining systemic therapy with primary site resection, but prospective studies have yet to confirm these findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Few reports have detailed improvements in the quality of colonoscopies with continuous training post-fellowship completion. We examined the changes in colonoscopy performance among trainees during our advanced endoscopy training program.
Methods: Screening or surveillance colonoscopies performed by 11 trainees who participated in our 3-year advanced endoscopy training program between April 2015 and March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.
Article Synopsis
- SCLC has traditionally been viewed as a single entity, hindering advances in treatment; however, identifying genetic differences is key to improving patient outcomes.
- A study analyzed over 1000 SCLC samples using genomic screening to identify five distinct genetic subgroups, which can respond differently to therapies, especially targeted treatments.
- The findings indicate that while certain subgroups, like the NSCLC and MYC subgroups, have poorer survival rates with standard treatments, others may benefit from specialized therapies, highlighting the importance of personalized medicine in SCLC management.
Article Synopsis
- The JCOG0802/WJOG4607L trial showed segmentectomy is better than lobectomy for overall survival in small-peripheral non-small-cell lung cancer, but locoregional relapse (LR) is still a concern.
- An analysis of 1105 patients with various tumor sites determined that factors like solid tumor appearance and close margins significantly increased the risk of LR after segmentectomy.
- Key findings stress the importance of using thin-section CT scans and ensuring sufficient margin distance to minimize the risk of LR in patients undergoing segmentectomy.
Article Synopsis
- Endoscopic resection (ER) is commonly used for early colorectal cancer, but the need for further surgery in cases of pathological T1 colorectal cancer (pT1CRC) is debated due to uncertain risks of lymph node metastasis (LNM).
- This study analyzed 600 pT1CRC patients to explore the clinicopathological characteristics and LNM risk for those with lymphoid follicular replacement (LFR).
- Findings revealed that 6.7% of patients had pT1CRC with LFR, and notably, none experienced LNM during a median follow-up of 61 months, suggesting that patients with LFR might not require additional surgical intervention even with deeper submucosal invasion.
Background: We developed a fully automated quantitative immunoassay for the detection of prostaglandin E-major urinary metabolite (PGE-MUM). In this study, we evaluated the analytical performance of this assay.
Methods: Sensitivity, within-run reproducibility, correlation with radioimmunoassay (RIA), cross-reactivity, dilution linearity, spike recovery performance, analyte stability, and effects of coexisting substances were evaluated.
Article Synopsis
- Fosnetupitant is an anti-nausea medication used for patients undergoing chemotherapy, showing non-inferiority to another treatment in prior studies.
- A phase II study evaluated the safety of a faster 15-minute infusion of fosnetupitant in cancer patients, focusing on allergic reaction incidents and other side effects.
- Results indicated that the 15-minute infusion was safe, with no allergic reactions or severe side effects reported, and a high complete response rate of 87%.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the effectiveness of reintroducing platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients who had previously undergone maintenance therapy with PARP inhibitors and had a platinum-free interval (PFI) of over 6 months.
- It retrospectively analyzed 10 patients, focusing on their response to chemotherapy after PARP treatment, finding that 70% had received PARP inhibitors previously and 60% showed a partial response to the chemotherapy rechallenge.
- The results indicate that longer duration of PARP inhibitor treatment is associated with better responses to platinum chemotherapy, supporting the idea of using platinum-based therapy even post-PARP maintenance in patients with platinum-sensitive disease.
Introduction: Low grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSOC) is a rare subtype of ovarian cancer (OC) that is challenging to treat due to its relative chemoresistance. Given that LGSOC patients often recur in the peritoneal cavity, novel intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy should be explored. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosolized chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a method that has demonstrated peritoneal disease control in cancers with peritoneal metastases.
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- - This study investigated the acute toxicity of hypo-fractionated radiotherapy in Japanese breast cancer patients post-surgery, focusing on two treatment cohorts: moderately hypo-fractionated (Cohort M) and ultra-hypo-fractionated (Cohort U).
- - A total of 123 patients were evaluated over 90 days after treatment, with the most common acute adverse events being grade 1 and 2, and no grade 3 or higher events reported.
- - The study concluded that the rates of acute toxicity from these radiotherapy methods were considered acceptable, with 15% for Cohort M and 10% for Cohort U experiencing grade 2 or higher adverse events.
Objectives: Colonoscopy (CS) is an important screening method for the early detection and removal of precancerous lesions. The stool state during bowel preparation (BP) should be properly evaluated to perform CS with sufficient quality. This study aimed to develop a smartphone application (app) with an artificial intelligence (AI) model for stool state evaluation during BP and to investigate whether the use of the app could maintain an adequate quality of CS.
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- The IASLC grading system effectively predicts outcomes for early lung adenocarcinoma, specifically in Stage I EGFR-mutated cases.
- A study involving 296 patients assessed the association between the grading system and various aspects of the tumor microenvironment (TME), examining factors like cancer cell behavior and immune cell presence.
- Results indicated that Grade 3 tumors had significantly worse recurrence-free survival rates and a higher presence of tumor-associated macrophages and cancer-associated fibroblasts, suggesting a correlation between grading and poor patient prognosis.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines the link between diabetes mellitus (DM) and postoperative complications in lung cancer patients, identifying key risk factors for severe complications.
- Out of 2756 lung cancer patients studied, 475 had DM, with 27% experiencing severe perioperative complications, especially among older males and those with high preoperative and postoperative blood glucose levels.
- Findings suggest that elevated fasting blood glucose on postoperative days is a significant risk factor, highlighting the need for careful monitoring of blood sugar in diabetic lung cancer patients to reduce complications.
Purpose: We elucidated the effects of planned resection volume on postoperative pulmonary function and changes in residual lung volume during segmentectomy.
Methods: This study included patients who underwent thoracoscopic segmentectomy between January 2017 and December 2022 and met eligibility criteria. Pre- and post-resection spirometry and computed tomography were performed.
Article Synopsis
- A trial studying preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by nivolumab for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) reported promising 3-year outcomes with 39 microsatellite stable (MSS) and 5 microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) patients.
- For the MSS group, the 3-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rate was 79.5%, while the MSI-H group had a remarkable 100% RFS rate; overall survival (OS) rates were similarly high for both groups.
- Key biomarkers like PD-L1 positivity and a high CD8+ T cell/effector regulatory T cell ratio appeared to contribute to better outcomes in MSS patients, highlighting potential prognostic indicators
Article Synopsis
- * Results showed the combination therapy resulted in higher objective response rates (25.8% vs. 5.0%) and longer median progression-free survival (2.9 months vs. 1.8 months) compared to FTD/TPI monotherapy.
- * While the combination therapy led to a higher rate of febrile neutropenia (13.8% vs. 2.9%), it was generally well-tolerated, suggesting it could provide clinical benefits
Article Synopsis
- * A randomized trial involved 901 patients undergoing endoscopies, where 3G-NBI showed a higher detection rate for GNs (7.3%) compared to TXI (5.0%) and WLI (5.6%).
- * The findings suggest that 3G-NBI is superior in detecting GNs, leading to better outcomes, thereby highlighting its potential in clinical practices for early diagnosis.