Survival outcomes fifteen years after minimally invasive esophagectomy.

Background And Objectives: Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIO) offers a less traumatic resection for cancer patients resulting in improved quality of life. Concerns about the oncological efficacy of the procedure and potential impact on survival may have limited its wider adoption. This study reports survival outcomes fifteen years after patients underwent a total MIO for esophageal cancer.

An mRNA vaccine for pancreatic cancer designed by applying in silico immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology approaches.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent pancreatic cancer, which is considered a significant global health concern. Chemotherapy and surgery are the mainstays of current pancreatic cancer treatments; however, a few cases are suitable for surgery, and most of the cases will experience recurrent episodes. Compared to DNA or peptide vaccines, mRNA vaccines for pancreatic cancer have more promise because of their delivery, enhanced immune responses, and lower proneness to mutation.

The pathogenesis of Nipah virus: A review.

Nipah virus (NiV), an emerging zoonotic virus, has been associated with several outbreaks with high death rates, mainly in South and Southeast Asia. NiV is responsible for Encephalitis and systemic vasculitis, and occasionally respiratory diseases accompanied by it. Though fruit bats are the natural source of NiV, it can be transmitted in a zoonotic manner directly or via an intermediate host (e.

Coinfection of fungi with SARS-CoV-2 is a detrimental health risk for COVID-19 patients.

Background: Notable fungal coinfections with SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients have been reported worldwide in an alarming way. spp. and spp.

Routine examination of gallbladder specimens after cholecystectomy: a single-centre analysis of the incidence, clinical and histopathological aspects of incidental gallbladder carcinoma.

Background: Gallbladder carcinoma is often found incidentally on histopathologic examination after cholecystectomy-this is referred as incidental gallbladder carcinoma (IGC). Routine vs selective histopathological assessment of gallbladders is under debate and this study evaluates the role of regular specimens' examination, based on a single-centre analysis of incidence, clinical and histopathological aspects of IGC.

Methods: Patients who underwent cholecystectomy, between July 2010 and January 2020, were considered.

Elective splenectomy in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Does the size of the spleen affect surgical outcomes?

Backgrounds/aims: Splenectomy in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is performed to relieve abdominal symptoms, treat hypersplenism or confirm diagnosis. Excision of a very large spleen is technically challenging and data on outcomes of surgery in patients with NHL are scanty. The aim of study was to evaluate the impact of spleen size on the surgical outcome of splenectomy in patients with NHL.

A comprehensive review on COVID-19 vaccines: development, effectiveness, adverse effects, distribution and challenges.

The present SARS-CoV-2 induced COVID-19 pandemic is responsible for millions of deaths, illnesses, and economic loss worldwide. There are 21 COVID-19 vaccines from different platforms approved worldwide for emergency use until 13 August 2021. Later, BNT162b2 obtained full approval from the FDA.

Can Preoperative Characteristics Predict the Outcomes of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy?

Intraoperative findings during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) are highly unpredictable and operative difficulty varies from straightforward to very challenging procedures. Several studies described predictors of technical difficulty and graded intraoperative findings of LC; however, none specifically reported on the effect of such factors on clinical outcomes. This study aims to evaluate if preoperative characteristics of patients undergoing LC predict how likely they are to fail to be day case (DC).

Outcome of acute pancreatitis in octogenarians: A retrospective study.

Background And Aim: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common disease, but data on outcomes in octogenarians are scarce in the literature. The aim of this study is to analyze results from patients aged 80 years old and over who were treated for AP at a single center.

Methods: Patients aged 80 years and older diagnosed with AP from April 2010 to October 2015 were considered.

Regulation of nerve growth and patterning by cell surface protein disulphide isomerase.

Contact repulsion of growing axons is an essential mechanism for spinal nerve patterning. In birds and mammals the embryonic somites generate a linear series of impenetrable barriers, forcing axon growth cones to traverse one half of each somite as they extend towards their body targets. This study shows that protein disulphide isomerase provides a key component of these barriers, mediating contact repulsion at the cell surface in chick half-somites.

The mass effect of a slowly growing GIST.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are typically defined as solid masses arising from the GI tract, most commonly from the stomach and small intestine. They seldom present in a cystic form. Management of cystic masses arising from the GI tract may pose a diagnostic predicament.

Introduction into the NHS of magnetic sphincter augmentation: an innovative surgical therapy for reflux - results and challenges.

Introduction Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a common, chronic debilitating condition. Surgical management traditionally involves fundoplication. Magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) is a new definitive treatment.

Acute gastric outlet obstruction secondary to exclusive paraoesophageal small bowel herniation: a case report.

Introduction: Herniation of abdominal viscera into the thorax may occur as a consequence of abnormal defects in the diaphragm. In adults, the most common condition relates to herniations through a weakened crural orifice via which the oesophagus normally traverses. These hiatus hernias are classified as types I-IV depending on the extent of visceral involvement.

Diaphragmatic crural augmentation utilising cross-linked porcine dermal collagen biologic mesh (Permacol) in the repair of large and complex para-oesophageal herniation: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the safety, efficacy and durability of selective integration of porcine dermal collagen (Permacol) biologic mesh for crural re-construction in large or complex para-oesophageal hernia surgery.

Background: Surgical repair of para-oesophageal herniation has been associated with high rates of failure. The utilisation of prosthetic mesh is controversial with complications including erosion and fistulation.

Polymorphisms near TBX5 and GDF7 are associated with increased risk for Barrett's esophagus.

Background & Aims: Barrett's esophagus (BE) increases the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). We found the risk to be BE has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 6p21 (within the HLA region) and on 16q23, where the closest protein-coding gene is FOXF1. Subsequently, the Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON) identified risk loci for BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma near CRTC1 and BARX1, and within 100 kb of FOXP1.

Prompt laparoscopic cholecystectomy would reduce morbidity and save hospital resources.

Introduction: Limited resources and organisational problems often result in significant waiting times for patients presenting with an indication for cholecystectomy. This study investigated the potential false economy of such practice.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients on a waiting list for cholecystectomy between July 2007 and October 2010 was performed.

Assessment and comparison of recovery after open and minimally invasive esophagectomy for cancer: an exploratory study in two centers.

Background: Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) may lead to early restoration of health-related quality of life, but few prospective comparative studies have been performed. This exploratory study compared recovery between totally minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE), laparoscopically assisted esophagectomy (LAE) and open surgery (OE).

Methods: A prospective study in 2 specialist centers recruited consecutive patients undergoing OE, LAE, or MIE for high-grade dysplasia or cancer.

Common variants at the MHC locus and at chromosome 16q24.1 predispose to Barrett's esophagus.

Barrett's esophagus is an increasingly common disease that is strongly associated with reflux of stomach acid and usually a hiatus hernia, and it strongly predisposes to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), a tumor with a very poor prognosis. We report the first genome-wide association study on Barrett's esophagus, comprising 1,852 UK cases and 5,172 UK controls in the discovery stage and 5,986 cases and 12,825 controls in the replication stage. Variants at two loci were associated with disease risk: chromosome 6p21, rs9257809 (Pcombined=4.

Transthoracic repair of an incarcerated diaphragmatic hernia using hexamethylene diisocyanate cross-linked porcine dermal collagen (Permacol).

It is the general surgeon who commonly repairs paraesophageal hernias nowadays, and they are repaired laparoscopically, making the performance of thoracotomy relatively rare. Whether to use prosthetic materials to repair the hiatus is still under debate, as is the question of which material to use, if any. We report a case of a 38-year-old man who had a large, incarcerated paraesophageal hernia.

Randomized controlled trial of laparoscopic gastric ischemic conditioning prior to minimally invasive esophagectomy, the LOGIC trial.

Introduction: Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is a viable alternative to open resection for the management of esophagogastric cancer. However, the technique may relate to a higher incidence of ischemia-related gastric conduit complications. Laparoscopic ischemic conditioning (LIC) by ligating the left gastric vessels 2 weeks before MIE may have a protective role, possibly through an improvement of conduit perfusion.

Video. Surgical optimisation of the gastric conduit for minimally invasive oesophagectomy.

Background: Total minimally invasive oesophagectomy (MIO) is a valid alternative to open surgery for the management of oesophagogastric cancer and may lead to a more rapid restoration of health-related quality of life post surgery. However, a high incidence of gastric conduit failure (GCF) has also been observed which could be detrimental to any potential benefits of this approach. Technical modifications have been introduced in an attempt to reduce conduit morbidity, and the aim of this study was to evaluate their efficacy.

Health-related quality of life after minimally invasive oesophagectomy.

Background: Open oesophagectomy has a detrimental impact on health-related quality of life (HRQL), with recovery taking up to a year. Minimally invasive oesophagectomy (MIO) may enable a more rapid recovery of HRQL.

Methods: Clinical outcomes from consecutive patients undergoing MIO for cancer were recorded between April 2005 and April 2007.