The genome of the colonial hydroid reveals that their stem cells use a toolkit of evolutionarily shared genes with all animals.

is a colonial marine hydroid that shows remarkable biological properties, including the capacity to regenerate its entire body throughout its lifetime, a process made possible by its adult migratory stem cells, known as i-cells. Here, we provide an in-depth characterization of the genomic structure and gene content of two species, and , placing them in a comparative evolutionary framework with other cnidarian genomes. We also generated and annotated a single-cell transcriptomic atlas for adult male and identified cell-type markers for all major cell types, including key i-cell markers.

The genome of the colonial hydroid reveals their stem cells utilize a toolkit of evolutionarily shared genes with all animals.

is a colonial marine hydroid that exhibits remarkable biological properties, including the capacity to regenerate its entire body throughout its lifetime, a process made possible by its adult migratory stem cells, known as i-cells. Here, we provide an in-depth characterization of the genomic structure and gene content of two species, and , placing them in a comparative evolutionary framework with other cnidarian genomes. We also generated and annotated a single-cell transcriptomic atlas for adult male and identified cell type markers for all major cell types, including key i-cell markers.

A Baby With Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome and the Fortuitous Discovery of 45,X/46,XY Mosaicism.

Disorders of sex development (DSD) are caused by defects in the complex sexual differentiation cascade, resulting in discordance among an individual's genetic, gonadal, and genital sexes. It affects one in 4,500 live births. A wide spectrum of genital phenotypes can be found depending on the underlying pathogenic mechanism and the developmental stage that is affected.

Nata de Cassava Type of Bacterial Cellulose Doped with Phosphoric Acid as a Proton Exchange Membrane.

This work aims to encourage the use of natural materials for advanced energy applications, such as proton exchange membranes in fuel cells. Herein, a new conductive membrane produced from cassava liquid waste was used to overcome environmental pollution and the global crisis of energy. The membrane was phosphorylated through a microwave-assisted method with different phosphoric acid, (HPO) concentrations (10-60 mmol).

Body composition reference values in Singaporean adults using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-The Yishun study.

Objectives: This study establishes age- and sex-specific reference values for fat mass index (FMI), lean mass index (LMI), appendicular LMI (aLMI), and body fat distribution indices including Android/Gynoid % fat ratio and Trunk/Limb % fat ratio in multi-ethnic Singaporean adults.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (Hologic Discovery Wi) was carried out to measure whole body and regional fat and lean mass in community-dwelling adults. A total of 537 adults (57.

Repeat Age Decomposition Informs an Ancient Set of Repeats Associated With Coleoid Cephalopod Divergence.

In comparison with other molluscs and bilaterians, the genomes of coleoid cephalopods (squid, cuttlefish, and octopus) sequenced so far show remarkably different genomic organization that presumably marked the early evolution of this taxon. The main driver behind this genomic rearrangement remains unclear. About half of the genome content in coleoids is known to consist of repeat elements; since selfish DNA is one of the powerful drivers of genome evolution, its pervasiveness could be intertwined with the emergence of cephalopod-specific genomic signatures and could have played an important role in the reorganization of the cephalopod genome architecture.

Proton Conductivity Enhancement at High Temperature on Polybenzimidazole Membrane Electrolyte with Acid-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Fillers.

Graphene oxide (GO) and its acid-functionalized form are known to be effective in enhancing the proton transport properties of phosphoric-acid doped polybenzimidazole (PA-doped PBI) membranes utilized in high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HTPEMFC) owing to the presence of proton-conducting functional groups. This work aims to provide a comparison between the different effects of GO with the sulfonated GO (SGO) and phosphonated GO (PGO) on the properties of PA-doped PBI, with emphasis given on proton conductivity to understand which functional groups are suitable for proton transfer under high temperature and anhydrous conditions. Each filler was synthesized following existing methods and introduced into PBI at loadings of 0.

Hybrid Composite Membrane of Phosphorylated Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Silica as a Proton Exchange Membrane.

Chitosan is one of the natural biopolymers that has been studied as an alternative material to replace Nafion membranes as proton change membranes. Nevertheless, unmodified chitosan membranes have limitations including low proton conductivity and mechanical stability. The aim of this work is to study the effect of modifying chitosan through polymer blending with different compositions and the addition of inorganic filler on the microstructure and physical properties of -methylene phosphonic chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) (NMPC/PVA) composite membranes.

Radiation-Grafted Anion-Exchange Membrane for Fuel Cell and Electrolyzer Applications: A Mini Review.

This review discusses the roles of anion exchange membrane (AEM) as a solid-state electrolyte in fuel cell and electrolyzer applications. It highlights the advancement of existing fabrication methods and emphasizes the importance of radiation grafting methods in improving the properties of AEM. The development of AEM has been focused on the improvement of its physicochemical properties, including ionic conductivity, ion exchange capacity, water uptake, swelling ratio, etc.

Giant lungfish genome elucidates the conquest of land by vertebrates.

Lungfishes belong to lobe-fined fish (Sarcopterygii) that, in the Devonian period, 'conquered' the land and ultimately gave rise to all land vertebrates, including humans. Here we determine the chromosome-quality genome of the Australian lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri), which is known to have the largest genome of any animal. The vast size of this genome, which is about 14× larger than that of humans, is attributable mostly to huge intergenic regions and introns with high repeat content (around 90%), the components of which resemble those of tetrapods (comprising mainly long interspersed nuclear elements) more than they do those of ray-finned fish.

The comparative genomic landscape of adaptive radiation in crater lake cichlid fishes.

Factors ranging from ecological opportunity to genome composition might explain why only some lineages form adaptive radiations. While being rare, particular systems can provide natural experiments within an identical ecological setting where species numbers and phenotypic divergence in two closely related lineages are notably different. We investigated one such natural experiment using two de novo assembled and 40 resequenced genomes and asked why two closely related Neotropical cichlid fish lineages, the Amphilophus citrinellus species complex (Midas cichlids; radiating) and Archocentrus centrarchus (Flyer cichlid; nonradiating), have resulted in such disparate evolutionary outcomes.

Clinical Management of Children with Oropharyngeal Aspiration - Physician Survey.

Pulmonary aspiration in infants and children is common, with 25% of the pediatric population reported to experience some type of nonspecific swallowing dysfunction. Diagnosing and managing oropharyngeal aspiration remain a challenging task due to the lack of distinguishing clinical or laboratory characteristics. We conducted a large, physician-based survey in an effort to determine the differences in the diagnosis and management of patients with oropharyngeal aspiration across different centers, using a quantitative online questionnaire.

Facing a disruptive threat: how can a nuclear medicine service be prepared for the coronavirus outbreak 2020?

Purpose: The aim of this short communication is to outline our experience in policies and processes of a nuclear medicine service during the COVID-19 outbreak in Singapore.

Methods: We describe the key considerations of policies and processes that have been implemented in our nuclear medicine service since the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Singapore General Hospital on 23 January 2020, up to the present time.

Results: Infection control, screening of patients and visitors, segregation of risk groups, segregation of staff and service continuity plans, communication and staff welfare, using electronic platforms for multi-disciplinary meetings and tele-reporting are discussed.

Review of Chitosan-Based Polymers as Proton Exchange Membranes and Roles of Chitosan-Supported Ionic Liquids.

Perfluorosulphonic acid-based membranes such as Nafion are widely used in fuel cell applications. However, these membranes have several drawbacks, including high expense, non-eco-friendliness, and low proton conductivity under anhydrous conditions. Biopolymer-based membranes, such as chitosan (CS), cellulose, and carrageenan, are popular.

Expansion of a single transposable element family is associated with genome-size increase and radiation in the genus .

Transposable elements are one of the major contributors to genome-size differences in metazoans. Despite this, relatively little is known about the evolutionary patterns of element expansions and the element families involved. Here we report a broad genomic sampling within the genus , a freshwater cnidarian at the focal point of diverse research in regeneration, symbiosis, biogeography, and aging.

RepeatCraft: a meta-pipeline for repetitive element de-fragmentation and annotation.

Summary: Repetitive elements comprise large proportion of many genomes. They have impact on both genome evolution and regulation. Their classification and the study of evolutionary history is a major emerging field.

Osteolipoma in the Forearm.

A case of left distal forearm and wrist osteolipoma in a 56 year old female is reported. The patient presented with a 3 year history of nontender left wrist mass. Radiographs demonstrated a lobulated mass of mixed low density and calcifications, not adjacent to and with no connection to underlying bone.

Online examiner calibration across specialties.

Background: Integrating undergraduate medical curricula horizontally across clinical medical specialties may be a more patient-centred and learner-centred approach than rotating students through specialty-specific teaching and assessment, but requires some interspecialty calibration of examiner judgements. Our aim was to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of an online pilot of interdisciplinary examiner calibration. Fair clinical assessment is important to both medical students and clinical teachers METHODS: Clinical teachers were invited to rate video-recorded student objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) performances and join subsequent online discussions using the university's learning management system.

"On the same page"? The effect of GP examiner feedback on differences in rating severity in clinical assessments: a pre/post intervention study.

Background: Robust and defensible clinical assessments attempt to minimise differences in student grades which are due to differences in examiner severity (stringency and leniency). Unfortunately there is little evidence to date that examiner training and feedback interventions are effective; "physician raters" have indeed been deemed "impervious to feedback". Our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of a general practitioner examiner feedback intervention, and explore examiner attitudes to this.

Effect of mid-follicular phase recombinant LH versus urinary HCG supplementation in poor ovarian responders undergoing IVF - a prospective double-blinded randomized study.

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is crucial for the development of follicular growth and oocyte maturation, especially in the management of poor ovarian responders (PORs). This study presents the results of a prospective double-blinded randomized study to compare the effect of mid-follicular phase recombinant LH (rLH) supplementation with urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin (uHCG) supplementation when using a fixed gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol in IVF cycles. A total of 49 women with poor ovarian response (POR) according to the Bologna criteria were recruited.

Additive and Photochemical Manufacturing of Copper.

In recent years, 3D printing technologies have been extensively developed, enabling rapid prototyping from a conceptual design to an actual product. However, additive manufacturing of metals in the existing technologies is still cost-intensive and time-consuming. Herein a novel platform for low-cost additive manufacturing is introduced by simultaneously combining the laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) method with photochemical reaction.