Combined Integrative RNA-Seq and Serological sIgE Analysis Enhances Understanding of Fish Allergen Profiles and Diagnostic Strategy for Fish Allergy.

Fish allergy is a significant health concern, with diagnosis and management complicated by diverse fish species and allergens. We conducted a comprehensive RNA-seq analysis of eight fish species to identify allergen profiles, integrating ImmunoCAP sIgE data to explore associations with allergen expression and diagnostic performance. Over 30 putative fish allergens were identified, with varying sequence similarities and expression levels, roughly classifying fish into two groups based on parvalbumin (PV) expression.

Cost-effectiveness of virtual reality and wet laboratory cataract surgery simulation.

Purpose: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of phacoemulsification simulation training in virtual reality simulator and wet laboratory on operating theater performance.

Methods: Residents were randomized to a combination of virtual reality and wet laboratory phacoemulsification or wet laboratory phacoemulsification. A reference control group consisted of trainees who had wet laboratory training without phacoemulsification.

Differential patterns of fish sensitization in Asian populations: Implication for precision diagnosis.

Background: The current diagnostics of fish allergy lack sufficient accuracy such that more reliable tests such as component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) are urgently needed. This study aimed at identifying fish allergens of salmon and grass carp and evaluating the sensitization pattern in fish allergic subjects from two distinct populations in Asia.

Methods: One hundred and three fish allergic subjects were recruited from Hong Kong (67 subjects) and Japan (46 subjects).

Treatment outcomes and their determinants of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease: a territory-wide cohort study.

Background: Oral corticosteroid remains the first-line treatment of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease, but steroid-dependence is common and serious. Factors associated with steroid dependence and relapse have to be further explored.

Study Population: A city-wide, biopsy-proven, Chinese cohort.

Radiological Determinants of Complicated Immunoglobulin G4-Related Ophthalmic Disease: A Territory-Wide Cohort Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the presenting radiological features of immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) and their associations with IgG4-related optic neuropathy (IgG4-RON), and IgG4-related ocular adnexal lymphoma (IgG4-ROL).

Methods: A territory-wide, biopsy-proven, Chinese cohort. Masked review of orbital images, medical records, and histopathology reports.

SARS-CoV-2 accessory proteins reveal distinct serological signatures in children.

The antibody response magnitude and kinetics may impact clinical severity, serological diagnosis and long-term protection of COVID-19, which may play a role in why children experience lower morbidity. We therefore tested samples from 122 children in Hong Kong with symptomatic (n = 78) and asymptomatic (n = 44) SARS-CoV-2 infections up to 200 days post infection, relative to 71 infected adults (symptomatic n = 61, and asymptomatic n = 10), and negative controls (n = 48). We assessed serum IgG antibodies to a 14-wide antigen panel of structural and accessory proteins by Luciferase Immuno-Precipitation System (LIPS) assay and circulating cytokines.

Comprehending the allergen repertoire of shrimp for precision molecular diagnosis of shrimp allergy.

Background: Clinical management of shrimp allergy is hampered by the lack of accurate tests. Molecular diagnosis has been shown to more accurately reflect the clinical reactivity but the full spectrum of shrimp allergens and their clinical relevance are yet to be established. We therefore sought to comprehend the allergen repertoire of shrimp, investigate and compare the sensitization pattern and diagnostic value of the allergens in allergic subjects of two distinct populations.

SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses are lower in children and increase with age and time after infection.

SARS-CoV-2 infection of children leads to a mild illness and the immunological differences with adults are unclear. Here, we report SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses in infected adults and children and find that the acute and memory CD4 T cell responses to structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins increase with age, whereas CD8 T cell responses increase with time post-infection. Infected children have lower CD4 and CD8 T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 structural and ORF1ab proteins when compared with infected adults, comparable T cell polyfunctionality and reduced CD4 T cell effector memory.

Clinical Characteristics and Transmission of COVID-19 in Children and Youths During 3 Waves of Outbreaks in Hong Kong.

Importance: Schools were closed intermittently across Hong Kong to control the COVID-19 outbreak, which led to significant physical and psychosocial problems among children and youths.

Objective: To compare the clinical characteristics and sources of infection among children and youths with COVID-19 during the 3 waves of outbreaks in Hong Kong in 2020.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study involved children and youths aged 18 years or younger with COVID-19 in the 3 waves of outbreaks from January 23 through December 2, 2020.

SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses are lower in children and increase with age and time after infection.

SARS-CoV-2 infection of children leads to a mild illness and the immunological differences with adults remains unclear. We quantified the SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses in adults and children (<13 years of age) with RT-PCR confirmed asymptomatic and symptomatic infection for long-term memory, phenotype and polyfunctional cytokines. Acute and memory CD4 T cell responses to structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins significantly increased with age, whilst CD8 T cell responses increased with time post infection.

Saliva viral load better correlates with clinical and immunological profiles in children with coronavirus disease 2019.

Background: Pediatric COVID-19 studies exploring the relationships between NPS and saliva viral loads, clinical and immunological profiles are lacking.

Methods: Demographics, immunological profiles, nasopharyngeal swab (NPS), and saliva samples collected on admission, and hospital length of stay (LOS) were assessed in children below 18 years with COVID-19.

Findings: 91 patients were included between March and August 20 20.

Influenza vaccine effectiveness in hospitalised Hong Kong children: Feasibility of estimates from routine surveillance data.

Background: Hong Kong has a high burden of influenza hospitalisation. This study estimated influenza vaccine effectiveness in hospitalised Hong Kong children aged 6 months to below 6 years using data potentially obtainable from routine surveillance sources.

Methods: This 'test-negative' case-control study was conducted over two summer and one winter influenza seasons in five public Hong Kong hospitals during 2015 and 2016.

Semiquantum key distribution with secure delegated quantum computation.

Semiquantum key distribution allows a quantum party to share a random key with a "classical" party who only can prepare and measure qubits in the computational basis or reorder some qubits when he has access to a quantum channel. In this work, we present a protocol where a secret key can be established between a quantum user and an almost classical user who only needs the quantum ability to access quantum channels, by securely delegating quantum computation to a quantum server. We show the proposed protocol is robust even when the delegated quantum server is a powerful adversary, and is experimentally feasible with current technology.

Accuracy of Intraocular Pressure Measurement With the Icare Tonometer in Children.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference between intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements in children with the Icare tonomer (IT) and applanation (AT), pneumatic (PT), or digital tonometers (TT).

Design: A randomized prospective trial of children younger than age 16 attending the pediatric ophthalmology department of Manchester Royal Eye Hospital was conducted.

Methods: Children had IOP measured twice, once with an IT and again with a TT, PT, or AT during the same clinic appointment.

Non-heparinized ECMO serves a rescue method in a multitrauma patient combining pulmonary contusion and nonoperative internal bleeding: a case report and literature review.

Pulmonary contusion and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common manifestation in polytraumatic patients. Although mechanical ventilation is still the first choice of treatment, a group of patients are still unable to maintain their oxygenation. The role of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been more clarified when the lung is extensively damaged and when conventional modality failed.

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the thigh in a child: a case report.

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is aggressive in children. The condition in children differs to that in adults and to skeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma. We report on a 9-year-old girl with EMC in her left thigh.

Ophthalmic surgical training following modernising medical careers: regional variation in experience across the UK.

Objectives: To evaluate surgical experience among current doctors appointed into ophthalmology training posts since the introduction of the Modernising Medical Careers programme. Additionally, to identify regional variations in surgical experience and training programme delivery.

Design: A cross-sectional survey.

Functional and oncologic outcomes after excision of the total femur in primary bone tumors: Results with a low cost total femur prosthesis.

Background: The extent of tumor may necessitate resection of the complete femur rarely to achieve adequate oncologic clearance in bone sarcomas. We present our experience with reconstruction in such cases using an indigenously manufactured, low-cost, total femoral prosthesis (TFP). We assessed the complications of the procedure, the oncologic and functional outcomes, and implant survival.

Limb salvage in osteosarcoma using autoclaved tumor-bearing bone.

Background: Tumor prostheses currently give the best short- and medium-term results for limb-salvage reconstruction procedures in the treatment of bone tumors. However, in developing countries, the cost of a tumor prosthesis is beyond the reach of much of the population. We report the use of autoclaved tumor-bearing bone in 10 patients, as an affordable alternative to the use of prostheses.

Congenital and infantile cataract: aetiology and management.

Congenital cataract is the commonest worldwide cause of lifelong visual loss in children. Although congenital cataracts have a diverse aetiology, in many children, a cause is not identified; however, autosomal dominant inheritance is commonly seen. Early diagnosis either on the post-natal ward or in the community is important because appropriate intervention can result in good levels of visual function.

Soft lens matter recurrence after congenital cataract surgery.

Unlabelled: We report a case of soft lens matter recurrence 17 years after the original congenital cataract was removed. To our knowledge, this is the longest interval for soft lens matter to recur.

Financial Disclosure: No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

The effect of urethral calibration on female primary bladder outlet obstruction.

Introduction And Hypothesis: While primary bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in women has become an increasingly recognized entity over the past few years, the optimal management for such condition is yet to be defined. We assessed the effect of urethral calibration in the treatment of female BOO.

Methods: A retrospective review of female patients undergoing urethral calibration with urethral dilator for BOO from 2000 to 2009 was performed.

Anterior dislocation of a Morcher capsular tension ring.

We report the rare complication of anterior dislocation of a capsular tension ring (CTR) and a simple management option, with excellent results and no inflammatory or pressure-related sequelae.