[Steroid responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis as a cause of acuteencephalopathy].

Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT), known as Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE), represents a heterogeneous group of neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with a presence of antithyroid antibodies in case of other causes of encephalopathy were excluded. Clinical symptoms most commonly includes acute onset of encephalopathy, behaviour changes and cognitive dysfunction, epileptic seizures as well as cerebellar and extrapyramidal symptoms. Corticoids provides rapid and sustained therapeutic benefit in most patients and only a few patients require other immunosuppressive therapy such as plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulins, or others.

The Association Between Three Adipocytokines (Adiponectin, Resistin and Visfatin) And Thyroid Status in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Autoimmune Thyroiditis.

Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are the most common endocrinological diseases worldwide. Relation between these diseases explains several hypotheses. One of them is influence of some adipocytokines.

[The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis in hypothyroid stadium].

Introduction: Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2T) are the two most common endocrinological diseases worldwide. The relationship between T1DM and autoimmune thyreopathies is known and described, but the relationship between thyreopathies and diabetes type 2 is not clarified sufficiently through that studies manifest increasingly the connection between them.

Objective: Investigate the prevalence of DM2T in patients with AIT in hypothyroid stadium and compare with common population and investigate a possible association between thyroid and glucose metabolism parameters.

Carotid intima-media thickness is not associated with homocysteine and vitamin D levels in obstructive sleep apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is associated with increased vascular morbidity. Accelerated atherosclerosis might be one of the most important mechanisms linking OSA with the development of vascular disorders. Homocysteine (HCY) and vitamin D has been associated with atherogenesis.

Multi-infarct dementia and Alzheimer disease, contribution of cerebral circulation ultrasonography to pathogenesis and differential diagnosis. Value of microembolisation.

Objectives: Dementias are one of the most serious health and socioeconomic issues. Multi-infarct dementia (MID) and Alzheimer´s type dementia (AD) exhibit differences in cerebrovascular blood flow velocity profiles and in presence of microemboli, detected by transcranial Doppler sonography.

Material And Methods: A group of 77 persons was divided into 4 subgroups: 1.

Is nocturnal epilepsy cause of disturbed quality of sleep and elevated daytime sleepiness?

Objectives: Authors evaluated quality of sleep and daytime vigilance in patients with nocturnal epilepsy and compared it to those with daytime epilepsy.

Background: Nocturnal seizures are an important type of epilepsy. They can result in morbidity due to disruption of sleep architecture.

Predictors of impaired endothelial function in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Endothelial dysfunction (ED), accelerated atherosclerosis and autonomic dysfunction might be the key players responsible for development of vascular diseases in patients with OSA. In a population with suspected OSA and low burden of cardiovascular risk factors, we therefore aimed to investigate the association between potential cardiovascular risk factors including OSA-specific indices, ED and autonomic activity.

Transient ischemic attack in the vertebro-basilar circulation due to a hemodynamically significant variation - kinking of the extracranial section of the left vertebral artery.

We present a case report of a 74-year old female patient with the clinical diagnosis of transient ischemic attack (TIA) in the vertebro-basilar (VB) circulation, in whom we found bilateral variation of the extracranial section of vertebral arteries on ultrasound, on the left side to the extent of kinking. This finding was later confirmed by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). We discuss the presumed hemodynamic significance of this variation and its etiological relation to the patient's clinical picture.

T45G and G276T adiponectin gene polymorphisms in primary aldosteronism and healthy controls in an East Slovak population.

Metabolic complications are frequent in primary aldosteronism (PA) and adiponectin gene polymorphisms seem to confer a genetic risk for metabolic alterations. Aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of metabolic symptoms in patients with PA compared to controls and the prevalence of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), T45G and G276T, in the adiponectin gene and their relationship to metabolic syndrome (MS). The study involved 47 patients with PA and 90 controls selected from general population.

Analysis of pheochromocytomas / paragangliomas from Eastern Slovakia.

This multi centre observational cohort study gives a view about the occurrence, clinical and laboratory presentation, localization, histological type and genetic background of pheochromocytoma (PHEO) and paraganglioma (PGL) in Eastern Slovakia. It included 28 patients (18 women + 10 men), of which 23 were diagnosed to have PHEO (82,1%) and 7 patients (25%) suffered from PGL with retroperitoneal, inguinal/pelvic and mediastinal distribution. Arterial hypertension was the major symptom present in 86 % with slight dominance of paroxysmal form (58%).

Adrenal metastases.

The adrenal gland is a frequent location for metastatic spread of a various number of malignant tumors. Among all tumors, carcinoma of lung, breast, ovary and malignant melanoma count to the most frequent ones. In nononcological and unselected populations, the prevalence of adrenal metastases is 0-21 %.

Clinically silent adrenal adenomas - their relation to the metabolic syndrome and to GNB3 C825T gene polymorphism.

Objectives: Aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of C825T GNB3 gene polymorphism in patients with adrenal incidentaloma (AI) as well as its relation to the metabolic syndrome (MS) and cortisol status.

Subject And Methods: Alltogether 82 subjects (50 patients with AI, mean age 57.9 + 15 years and 32 subjects without AI, mean age 53.

CTLA4 exon1 A49G polymorphism in Slovak patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Hashimoto thyroiditis-results and the review of the literature.

Autoimmune thyroid diseases frequently overlaps with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Among genetic factors, the role of the HLA antigens and CTLA4 gene polymorphisms in the overlapping has been suggested. The aim of this study was to investigate the alleles and genotypes frequency of the CTLA4 exon1 A49G polymorphism in Slovak patients with RA, Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), both (RA + HT) and in healthy controls.

Autoimmune thyroid disease and autoimmune rheumatic disorders: a two-sided analysis.

Unlabelled: Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (ATD) frequently overlaps with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of various non-organ-specific autoantibodies in patients with ATD, as well as the presence of ATD in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Subjects And Methods: Group 1 comprised 80 patients with ATD, and group 2 contained 80 patients with SLE or RA.

Hormonal and metabolic evaluation of adrenal incidentalomas.

The biochemical and hormonal data in patients with adrenal incidentalomas were evaluated to compare the differences between adrenal adenomas and other benign lesions and to find the relationship between metabolic parameters and adrenal hormones. Ninety two patients (29men, age 20-90 years) with incidentally discovered unilateral or bilateral adrenal masses detected on CT were included in this study for the reasons others than adrenal pathology. Glycemia, cholesterolemia, triglyceridemia, hormonal evaluation including plasma ACTH, plasma aldosterone, plasma renin acitivity, overnight dexametasone test, ACTH test, free plasma metanephrines, urinary catecholamines were determined.

Effect of growth hormone replacement therapy on plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentration, cardiac morphology and function in adults with growth hormone deficiency.

Objective: The impact of growth hormone (GH) replacement on plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in association with cardiac morphology and function in adults with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) was evaluated.

Subjects And Methods: Fifty nine adult patients with GHD (29 men, age 19-59 years) received a starting dose of 0.1-0.

The prevalence of 21-hydroxylase deficiency in adrenal incidentalomas - hormonal and mutation screening.

Unlabelled: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the response of 17 OHP to ACTH stimulation in patients with various types of adrenal incidentalomas and to examine the occurence of germline CYP21 mutation in these patients.

Subjects And Methods: 40 patients (27 females, 13 males) with unilateral and bilateral masses were screened for fi ve most common mutations of the CYP21 in peripheral blood DNA samples. A hormonal evaluation, i.

Adrenal incidentalomas and the metabolic syndrome--are there any differences between adenoma and hyperplasia?

Authors evaluated the prevalence of symptoms of the metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in 25 patients with adrenal incidentalomas (10 men, 15 women) of the mean age 57.9+/-15 years. 15 patients had adrenal adenoma determined by CT or MR scan and 10 had unilateral or bilateral hyperplasia.

Adrenal myelolipoma. 6 cases and a review of the literature.

Adrenal myelolipoma is an uncommon, benign and hormonally inactive tumor. Most lesions are asymptomatic and usually are discovered incidentally at autopsy studies. Authors report on 6 patients (5 women, 1 man) with adrenal myelolipomas (5 right, 1 left), analyze their morphological findings and association with an adrenal hormonal overproduction.

[Prolactin levels before and after stimulation with thyroliberin in primary hypothyroidism].

The authors examined the concentration of thyrotropic hormone (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) before and after stimulation with synthetic thyroliberine (0.2 mg TRH i.v.

Prolactin and interleukin 2 concentrations before and after i.v. TRH application in primary hypothyroidism and in controls.

The authors evaluated serum level of prolactin (PRL) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) before and after i.v. application of tyreoliberin (TRH) 0.

[Effect of passive leg lifting on sodium excretion in patients with liver cirrhosis].

18 healthy subjects and 15 patients with liver cirrhosis were examined using a 2-hour method of passive leg rising (PLR). Renal and hormonal responses to PLR were investigated. There was a significant increase in diuresis (p < 0.

[Adrenal incidentalomas].

The extensive use and progress in the improvement of imaging techniques brings about the growing incidence of incidentalomas, i.e. adrenal lesions accidentally revealed during the imaging of the abdominal cavity which was originally focused on the visualisation of organs other than adrenal glands.

[Hormonal and morphologic characteristics of adrenal incidentalomas].

The authors analyse hormonal and morphological characteristics of adrenal incidentalomas, i.e. pathological adrenal masses accidentally found on CT scan performed due to extraadrenal causes of other causes of adrenal pathology.

[Incidence of primary hyperaldosteronism in hospitalized patients with hypertension].

Aims: To detect the incidence of primary hyperaldosteronism (PH) in hospitalized hypertensive patients.

Methods: Authors assessed plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone (PA) in 100 patients with arterial hypertension hospitalized at the II. department of Internal medicine in Kosice because of resistance to ambulatory treatment, eventually with the aim of differential diagnosis of arterial hypertension.