Local administration of p-coumaric acid decreases lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice: In vitro and in silico studies.

Acute lung injury (ALI) remains to cause a high rate of mortality in critically ill patients. It is known that inflammation is a key factor in the pathogenesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI, which makes it a relevant approach to the treatment of ALI. In this study, we evaluated the potential of nasally instilled p-coumaric acid to prevent LPS-induced ALI in mice, by evaluating its effects on cellular and molecular targets involved in inflammatory response via in vitro and in silico approaches.

Repurposing Approved Drugs for Guiding COVID-19 Prophylaxis: A Systematic Review.

The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak originally appeared in China in December 2019 and became a global pandemic in March 2020. This infectious disease has directly affected public health and the world economy. Several palliative therapeutic treatments and prophylaxis strategies have been used to control the progress of this viral infection, including pre-(PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis.

[Fiscal incentives for pesticides as an anti-health and anti-environmental policy].

Pesticides are hazardous products, and fiscal incentives for such products directly and indirectly impact public resources for health in Brazil, since these incentives encourage pesticide use. The article thus aimed to estimate the tax relief for pesticides in Brazil in 2017. The methodology included a literature search on related tax legislation, followed by estimates based on pesticide expenditures according to the latest national Agricultural Census and foreign trade data.

Pesticide use and economic impacts on health.

Objective: To estimate the externalities associated with acute poisoning from pesticides.

Methods: The probabilities of acute poisoning were estimated according to characteristics of rural properties and cities in the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil. Information about acute poisoning obtained from the 1998-1999 Harvest Forecast Survey was used.

Double standards and the international trade of pesticides: the Brazilian case.

Despite bans on certain pesticides and their replacement by others considered less hazardous, the widespread use of these substances in agriculture continues to threaten the environment and the health of millions of people. This article discusses the current double standard in the international trade of pesticides and focuses on Brazil, one of the main users of pesticides in the world, analyzing the trends in foreign trade (imports and exports) of selected pesticides as a function of changes in legislation in the United States, the European Union, and Brazil from 1989 to 2006. We applied time line analysis to eight organochlorines already banned in Brazil and conducted a case-by-case qualitative and quantitative analysis of nine other pesticides.

[Agricultural activity and environmental externality: an analysis of the use of pesticides in the Brazilian savannah].

This paper discusses the negative externalities associated with the intensive use of pesticides in the Brazilian savannah. These externalities are mainly related to impacts on the environment and on human health (rural workers and families, consumers), the costs of which end up being socialized. The externality considered in the present paper is of soil and water contamination by pesticides.

[Health conditions in the cargo and passenger road transportation industry: a study based on the Brazilian National Sample Household Survey].

This article aims to compare health conditions among transportation workers and the general population. Data were obtained from the health survey supplement of the National Sample Household Survey (1998) and were estimated by means of a logistic regression model with socio-demographic characteristics as predictive variables. Production losses resulting from time off the job due to disease was estimated.

Rural workers' health and productivity: an economic assessment of pesticide use in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

This paper evaluates the economic impact of pesticide intoxication on the health of rural workers in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. To estimate the economic impact we considered the purchase cost of pesticides and the treatment costs of rural workers' affected by intoxication. These impacts were compared to the benefits of pesticide use, as estimated by the crop losses avoided through pesticide application.

[Rural work and risk factors associated with pesticide use in Minas Gerais, Brazil].

This paper aimed to characterize the rural work process in nine counties in Minas Gerais State, considering socio-demographic indicators, the land tenure structure of farm operations, and work practices related to pesticide use and poisoning Data were obtained through the Jorge Duprat Figueiredo Foundation for Workers' Safety and Occupational Medicine, which applied a questionnaire to 1,064 rural workers from 1991 to 2000. Through a logistic regression, risk factors associated with pesticide poisoning were obtained for the carbamate and organophosphate groups. Some 50% of interviewees displayed at least moderate pesticide toxicity.

[Social inequality and health in Brazil].

This paper studies the relationship between social inequality and health in Brazil. The strategy adopted by the authors was to analyze needs and uses of medical care as well as access to health insurance plans according to income distribution. Determinants of health care consumption were also studied by means of logistic regression.