Iron-Modified Acid Carbons for the Conversion of Fructose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural under Microwave Heating.

Carbons with Brønsted acidic sites and iron oxide modifications were prepared through hydrothermal carbonization and glycerol pyrolysis in the presence of sulfuric acid, magnetite, and iron(III) nitrate. The solids were tested as catalysts in converting fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). Characterization techniques revealed a uniform presence of 4.

Removal of phosphorus by modified bentonite:polyvinylidene fluoride membrane-study of adsorption performance and mechanism.

Enhanced phosphorus management, geared towards sustainability, is imperative due to its indispensability for all life forms and its close association with water bodies' eutrophication, primarily stemming from anthropogenic activities. In response to this concern, innovative technologies rooted in the circular economy are emerging, to remove and recover this vital nutrient to global food production. This research undertakes an evaluation of the dead-end filtration performance of a mixed matrix membrane composed of modified bentonite (MB) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) for efficient phosphorus removal from water media.

New derivatives from dehydrodieugenol B and its methyl ether displayed high anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity and cause depolarization of the plasma membrane and collapse the mitochondrial membrane potential.

In the present work, dehydrodieugenol B (1) and its methyl ether (2), isolated from Nectandra leucantha twigs, were used as starting material for the preparation of two new derivatives (1a and 2a) containing an additional methoxycarbonyl unit on allyl side chains. Compounds 1a and 2a demonstrated activity against trypomastigotes (EC values of 13.5 and 23.

Activated carbon production from industrial yeast residue to boost up circular bioeconomy.

This work aims to obtain activated carbon (AC) from yeast residue to boost up bioeconomy. In this way, carbon was prepared from yeast biomass produced by the ethanol industry and after beta-glucan extraction. Carbon was activated with CO, water vapor, and a combination of both using an experimental design.

Influence of Dimethylsulfoxide and Dioxygen in the Fructose Conversion to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Mediated by Glycerol's Acidic Carbon.

Both the catalytic production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) from carbohydrates and the use of a catalyst obtained from residues stand out for adding value to by-products and wastes. These processes contribute to the circular economy. In this work it was evaluated optimized conditions for 5-HMF production from fructose with high yield and selectivity.

Rational production of highly acidic sulfonated carbons from kraft lignins employing a fractionation process combined with acid-assisted hydrothermal carbonization.

Highly acidic lignin-derived sulfonated carbons (LDSCs) were produced from hardwood and softwood kraft lignins under mild conditions by applying fractionation and/or pre-carbonization treatments combined with acid-assisted hydrothermal carbonization. The use of lignin fraction with higher amount oxygen, obtained from the fractionation process, resulted in carbon with the highest density of surface acid groups and improved catalytic activity. The LDSCs were successful tested in the dehydration reaction of fructose to obtain 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and the best catalyst can be recycled without loss in its catalytic activity after perform a simple regeneration process.

Use of a La(III)-modified bentonite for effective phosphate removal from aqueous media.

A bentonite from the Northeast Brazilian region was modified with lanthanum (NT-25La) using an ion exchange process. Lanthanum incorporation in the natural clay, as well as the properties of the clay materials, were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, specific surface area and scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX). Phosphate adsorption equilibrium and kinetic tests were performed at different temperatures.

Research on zinc blood levels and nutritional status in adolescents with autoimmune hepatitis.

Context: Zinc deficiency in children and adolescents impairs their growing, development and immune system.

Objectives: To verify the existence of plasma and leukocyte zinc deficiency in adolescents with autoimmune hepatitis.

Methods: The study comprised 23 patients with autoimmune hepatitis, aged 10-18 years, assisted at the Ambulatory Service of Pediatric Hepatology of the University of Campinas Teaching Hospital, Campinas, SP, Brazil, and adolescents with ages compatible with the patients' ages comprised the control group.

Ni(II) removal from aqueous effluents by silylated clays.

Industrial effluents discharged in water bodies without proper treatment contribute to water pollution by potentially toxic metal ions. Considering that the legislation for discarding of such effluents is getting more and more rigorous, the development of efficient processes for the treatment of industrial effluents is of great interest. A study on the capacity of metal retention by silylated-modified clays was carried out with the aim to evaluate the efficiency of this application.

Removal of toxic metals from wastewater by Brazilian natural scolecite.

The cation-exchange capacity of Brazilian natural zeolite, identified as scolecite, was studied with the aim of evaluating its applications in wastewater control. We investigated the process of sorption of chromium(III), nickel(II), cadmium(II), and manganese(II) in synthetic aqueous effluents, including sorption isotherms of single-metal solutions at 298, 313, and 333 K, by batch experiments, and the influence of pH on the process. The results have demonstrated that removal of metals from specific metal solutions is best described by a Freundlich isotherm, in which the values obtained for the Kf constants were in the following order: Cr > Mn > Cd > Ni.