Influence of age on biochemical serum parameters in female alpacas - A retrospective study.

The determination of biochemical parameters plays an important role in the veterinary care of alpacas, as it can provide an overview of the integrity and function of various organs and metabolic states. Various reference intervals are available for interpreting biochemical results in alpacas, but physiological variations due to age, sex or season should also be considered. Particularly, information on the influence of age is scarce.

Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma associated with gastric ulcers in alpacas.

In pathological examinations, gastric ulcers are often detected in South American camelids. The aetiology cannot be clarified in every case. However, tumour-related gastric ulcers are observed repeatedly.

[Pediatric guidelines for coeliac disease: Treatment and follow-up].

The goal of the treatment is to relieve symptoms, achieve duodenal mucosal healing, avoid long term complications, and ensure children´s appropriate growth, for which it´s necessary to follow a lifelong, nutritionally complete and healthy gluten free diet (GFD). The Celiac Disease Working Group of the Gastroenterology Committee of the Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría developed this guide based on expert consensus, aimed at gastroenterologists, pediatricians and primary care physicians with the objective of updating the following topics: Treatment. Definition of gluten free food.

Comparison of invasive and non-invasive gradients before and after TAVI and their implications on clinical outcomes.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is recommended for treatment of high-risk aortic stenosis patients. While measuring mean transaortic valve gradient (MG) is crucial in evaluating procedural success, echocardiographic measurements often overestimate direct invasive measurements. This study aimed to examine the discordance between echocardiographic and invasive MGs in TAVI patients and assess their prognostic value on long-term outcomes.

TAVI with the ACURATE neo2 in severe bicuspid aortic valve stenosis: the Neo2 BAV Registry.

Background: The ACURATE neo2 is a contemporary transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) system approved for the treatment of severe aortic stenosis in Europe. The ACURATE neo2 has not been evaluated in bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) stenosis.

Aims: We sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ACURATE neo2 in patients with BAV stenosis.

[Pediatric coeliac disease: Clinical features and diagnostic process].

Celiac disease is a chronic condition that affects approximately 1% of the world's population, becoming a public health problem. The numerous publications and international guides published in recent years make it necessary to update aspects related to its diagnosis. Highly sensitive and specific serological determinations have allowed the identification of the clinical polymorphism.

Characterization of white blood cell ratios in South American camelids presented at a veterinary teaching hospital.

White blood cell (WBC) ratios are used as diagnostic markers for various inflammatory or tumor diseases as well as stress in a broad range of species. The aim of this work was to provide data on five WBC ratios (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], band neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [BLR], band neutrophil-to-neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [BNLR], band neutrophil-to-neutrophil ratio [BNR] and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio [LMR]) in South American camelids (SAC) and characterize their association with demographic and important diagnostic parameters. Medical records of 307 SAC (275 alpacas, 32 llamas) that were presented at a veterinary teaching hospital were evaluated retrospectively.

Features and Limitations of Robotically Assisted Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (R-PCI): A Systematic Review of R-PCI.

Ischaemic heart disease is one of the major drivers of cardiovascular death in Europe. Since the first percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in 1977, developments and innovations in cardiology have made PCI the treatment of choice for stenotic coronary artery disease. To address the occupational hazards related to chronic exposure to radiation and wear and tear from heavy lead-based radioprotective aprons, the concept of robotically assisted PCI (R-PCI) was introduced in 2005.

The measurement of plasma fructosamine as a diagnostic tool to improve the interpretation of plasma glucose and proteins in alpacas (Vicugna pacos).

This study assesses the use of fructosamine as a diagnostic tool for hyperglycemia in alpacas in view of their sensitivity to stress and susceptibility to conditions like lipid mobilization syndrome. Plasma fructosamine, like in diagnosing diabetes in cats and dogs, can reveal long-term blood glucose trends, differentiating stress-induced spikes from persistent diabetic hyperglycemia. In 125 alpacas presented as patients of a veterinary clinic, plasma glucose and fructosamine concentrations were compared for correlations with findings of the general clinical examination, laboratory parameters, demographic data, and a behavioral stress assessment processed by using principal component analysis.

Two-Qubit Operations for Finite-Energy Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill Encodings.

We present techniques for performing two-qubit gates on Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) codes with finite energy, and find that operations designed for ideal infinite-energy codes create undesired entanglement when applied to physically realistic states. We demonstrate that this can be mitigated using recently developed local error-correction protocols, and evaluate the resulting performance. We also propose energy-conserving finite-energy gate implementations which largely avoid the need for further correction.

Clinical and hematological findings in alpacas (Vicugna pacos) with and without Candidatus Mycoplasma haemolamae infection.

Anemia is a common problem in South American camelids (SACs). Infections with Candidatus Mycoplasma haemolamae (CMh), a cell-wall free, hemotropic bacterium, are often suspected to be an important cause of anemia, as the pathogen infects the erythrocytes and is found in the blood of up to 30% of SACs. The information on the clinical signs of animals infected with this pathogen vary widely.

Fructosamine in llamas (Lama glama) is associated with sex, body condition score, and hematologic and serum parameters.

Objective: The objective of this study was to provide orientation values for fructosamine in adult llamas and to characterize relationships with other laboratory and clinical parameters.

Animals: Data from 22 healthy adult llamas of both sexes.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with the findings of a veterinary herd visit from August 2022.

Prognostic Impact of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Improvement after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become an efficient and safe alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). While severe aortic stenosis as well as severe aortic regurgitation (AR) are known to negatively impact left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), prior studies have shown that TAVR can lead to an improvement in LVEF. Thus far, little is known about the prognostic implication of LVEF improvement as a sole predictor of outcomes.

Relationships between body condition score, body weight and body measurements in alpacas.

Background: The nutritional status in alpacas is often masked by their dense fibre coat. Its assessment is commonly approached by different body condition scores (BCS) that rely on manual palpation of defined anatomical regions. However, BCS is an important diagnostic tool to aid recognition of diseased South American camelids (SACs) and low BCS has been associated with conditions like anaemia and neutrophilia.

CD8 T cells are necessary for improved sepsis survival induced by CD28 agonism in immunologically experienced mice.

Introduction: A hallmark of T cell dysregulation during sepsis is the downregulation of costimulatory molecules. CD28 is one of T cell costimulatory molecules significantly altered on memory T cells during sepsis. We recently showed that treatment with a αCD28 agonist in septic immunologically experienced mice led to improved survival.

Pathological findings in South American camelids presented at a farm animal clinic in Northern Germany (2005-2021).

To expand the knowledge about common diseases in llamas and alpacas in Germany, a screening of the cases of South American camelids presented at the Clinic for Swine and Small Ruminants of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany from 2005 to the end of November 2021 was performed. A retrospective evaluation of necropsy reports from this period was conducted. Overall, necropsy reports were evaluated from 187 alpacas, 35 llamas and one vicuña (n = 223).

Exploring Potential Referral Pathways for Renal Artery Denervation and Developing a Centre of Excellence in Ireland.

Arterial hypertension is one of the most significant and prevalent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Despite widespread awareness of the condition, as well as a multitude of available antihypertensive drug classes, rates of uncontrolled hypertension remain high on a global scale. Frequently, poor compliance with anti-hypertensive medication plays a big role in patients' inability to attain adequate blood pressure control.

Rhododendron poisoning in alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in Northern Germany.

Poisoning is often suspected to be the origin of disease in South American camelids (SACs) by owners, but only in a few cases this assumption can be confirmed. In small ruminants, rhododendron poisoning is a common emergency for livestock veterinarians. However, this condition has rarely been reported in SACs so far.

Does renal denervation require cardiovascular outcome-driven data?

Hypertension is a major driver of cardiovascular disease with a prevalence of 32-34% in adults worldwide. This poses a formidable unmet challenge for healthcare systems, highlighting the need for enhanced treatment strategies. Since 2017, eight major sham-controlled randomised controlled trials have examined the effectiveness and safety of renal denervation (RDN) as therapy for BP control.

Copper Intoxication in South American Camelids-Review of the Literature and First Report of a Case in a Vicuña (Vicugna vicugna).

Copper (Cu), an essential trace element in the metabolism of mammals, plays a central role in various metabolic processes. However, overdosing can lead to severe symptoms and even fatalities. Chronic Cu intoxication continues to be a problem in grazing and domestic animals, with sheep being particularly sensitive.

The European Lead Factory: Results from a decade of collaborative, public-private, drug discovery programs.

The European Lead Factory (ELF) is a consortium of universities and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) dedicated to drug discovery, and the pharmaceutical industry. This unprecedented consortium provides high-throughput screening, triage, and hit validation, including to non-consortium members. The ELF library was created through a novel compound-sharing model between nine pharmaceutical companies and expanded through library synthesis by chemistry-specialized SMEs.

Hematologic parameters in female alpacas during age progression: a retrospective study.

Alpacas, like all camelids, have elliptical red blood cells (RBCs) in contrast to other mammals. This particular shape is important for increased osmotic resistance and stability. Age-related changes in the RBC count are known in other species, with alterations in both red and white blood cells being described.