"Learning from those who know the system inside and out": Experiences of physician mothers who are informal caregivers.

Background: For physicians, the added responsibility of being an informal caregiver (IC, providing regular care for seriously ill loved ones) can create challenges such as increased rates of burnout that have received little attention. In this study, we explored physician mothers' informal caregiving experiences and probed their perspectives on how health systems can better support their needs.

Method: From September 14, 2021, to October 31, 2021, we distributed an online survey to a national sample of physician mothers who self-identified as ICs; survey questions examined their caregiving responsibilities and perspectives on workplace changes needed to support them.

Older adults with overlapping caregiving responsibilities and care needs in a U.S. national community-based sample.

Background: Community-dwelling older adults often serve as caregivers despite having their own health concerns and disabilities, yet little is known about their care needs.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis including community-dwelling U.S.

Care Partner Engagement in Secure Messaging Between Patients With Diabetes and Their Clinicians: Cohort Study.

Background: Patient engagement with secure messaging (SM) via digital patient portals has been associated with improved diabetes outcomes, including increased patient satisfaction and better glycemic control. Yet, disparities in SM uptake exist among older patients and racial and ethnic underserved groups. Care partners (family members or friends) may provide a means for mitigating these disparities; however, it remains unclear whether and to what extent care partners might enhance SM use.

The social, economic, emotional, and physical experiences of caregivers for women with female genital fistula in Uganda: A qualitative study.

This study aimed to explore the firsthand experiences of informal primary caregivers of women with female genital fistula in Uganda. Caregivers that accompanied women for surgery at Mulago National Teaching and Referral Hospital were recruited between January and September 2015. Caregivers participated in in-depth interviews and focus groups.

Examining Caregiver Outcomes in the CONNECT Intervention for Patients With Advanced Cancer.

Context: Palliative care offers patient and family centered approaches that may mitigate risk of caregiver burden and poor mood.

Objectives: To determine whether a palliative care intervention (CONNECT) improved burden, mood, and self-efficacy among caregivers of patients with advanced cancer.

Methods: In this cluster randomized trial, patients and their caregivers were recruited from 17 Oncology clinics in Pennsylvania.

Family caregivers navigating the health care system: Evolving roles during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has altered access to health care; it remains unclear how patients with chronic illness and disability and their family caregivers are adapting to these changes. In this study, we examined changes in family caregiver roles helping care recipients with chronic illness and disability navigate health care needs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: From April 15 to May 27, 2020, we distributed online and telephone surveys to family caregiver members of a population-based regional research registry.

Caregiving Needs Are Unmet for Many Older Homeless Adults: Findings from the HOPE HOME Study.

Background: The homeless population is aging, with early onset of cognitive and functional impairments. It is unclear whether older homeless adults receive caregiving assistance that could prevent long-term disability.

Objective: We describe characteristics of older homeless-experienced adults with caregiving need and determine factors associated with having unmet need.

"We need to bring them out from the shadows:" A qualitative study of safety net physician leaders' perspectives on caregivers.

Objective: To explore physician leaders' perspectives on processes and priorities for engaging with caregivers in their clinical practices as well as within their safety net health systems.

Methods: We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with primary care physicians in care management leadership at three California safety net health systems. Interviews explored physicians' experiences managing medically and socially complex patients with caregivers.

Poor patient health is associated with higher caregiver burden for older adults with advanced cancer.

Objectives: Family caregiver burden among older adults with advanced cancer remains poorly understood. We sought to (1) identify patient factors associated with caregiver burden and (2) examine how amount of time caregiving modifies these relationships.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a cluster-randomized palliative care intervention trial including patients with advanced cancer and their family caregivers, recruited from 17 oncology practices in Pennsylvania.

Challenges and solutions to employing natural language processing and machine learning to measure patients' health literacy and physician writing complexity: The ECLIPPSE study.

Objective: In the National Library of Medicine funded ECLIPPSE Project (Employing Computational Linguistics to Improve Patient-Provider Secure Emails exchange), we attempted to create novel, valid, and scalable measures of both patients' health literacy (HL) and physicians' linguistic complexity by employing natural language processing (NLP) techniques and machine learning (ML). We applied these techniques to > 400,000 patients' and physicians' secure messages (SMs) exchanged via an electronic patient portal, developing and validating an automated patient literacy profile (LP) and physician complexity profile (CP). Herein, we describe the challenges faced and the solutions implemented during this innovative endeavor.

Descriptive examination of secure messaging in a longitudinal cohort of diabetes patients in the ECLIPPSE study.

The substantial expansion of secure messaging (SM) via the patient portal in the last decade suggests that it is becoming a standard of care, but few have examined SM use longitudinally. We examined SM patterns among a diverse cohort of patients with diabetes (N = 19 921) and the providers they exchanged messages with within a large, integrated health system over 10 years (2006-2015), linking patient demographics to SM use. We found a 10-fold increase in messaging volume.

An Untapped Potential in Primary Care: Semi-Structured Interviews with Clinicians on How Patient Portals Will Work for Caregivers in the Safety Net.

Background: Patients within safety-net settings are less likely to access health information on patient portals, despite expressed interest. Family and friends are important resources to assist these patients (ie, Medicaid recipients, older patients, patients with limited English proficiency) in navigating health systems, and provider support of the use of patient portals among these groups may also facilitate caregivers' use of their patients' portal.

Objective: Because safety net providers work closely with caregivers to care for their patients, we used qualitative methods to explore safety net providers' perspectives on portal use among caregivers for their patients, especially as there is limited literature about caregivers' use of portals in the safety net.

Secure Messaging with Physicians by Proxies for Patients with Diabetes: Findings from the ECLIPPSE Study.

Background: Little is known about patients who have caregiver proxies communicate with healthcare providers via portal secure messaging (SM). Since proxy portal use is often informal (e.g.

Caregiving for Older Adults with Limited English Proficiency: Transitioning from Hospital to Home.

Background: Although the family caregiver workforce is increasingly diverse, little is known about culturally and linguistically diverse caregivers and patients for whom they care. Caregiver roles include communicating with health care teams on behalf of patients with language barriers.

Objective: Our objective is to describe characteristics and experiences of caregivers for patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) immediately following hospital discharge.

Using the Children with Special Health Care Needs Screener with Immigrant Families: An Analysis of the National Survey of Children's Health.

Children in immigrant families are less likely to screen positive with the Children with Special Health Care Needs Screener (CSHCN-S). This may indicate that children in immigrant families are healthier or require fewer health services than non-immigrant peers. Alternatively, the screener may under-identify special healthcare needs in this population.

Factors Associated with Refugee Acute Healthcare Utilization in Southern Connecticut.

Our objective was to examine refugees' acute care use early in resettlement. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of acute care use, emergency room and hospital visits, by adult refugees arriving in Southern Connecticut between 2/1/2013 and 2/1/2015. We examined associations between any acute care use and collected demographic as well as health characteristics.

Challenges in Identifying Refugees in National Health Data Sets.

Objectives: To evaluate publicly available data sets to determine their utility for studying refugee health.

Methods: We searched for keywords describing refugees in data sets within the Society of General Internal Medicine Dataset Compendium and the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research database. We included in our analysis US-based data sets with publicly available documentation and a self-defined, health-related focus that allowed for an examination of patient-level factors.

The world wide web and robotic heart surgery.

Purpose: The primary goal of this study was to (1) determine patients' access to and use of the Internet for healthrelated information before and after endoscopic atraumatic coronary artery bypass (Endo-ACAB) surgery, (2) investigate patients' methods of searching for such information, and (3) suggest future improvements for Internet-based patient education. The secondary goal of this study was to determine (1) patients' health-related quality of life and (2) degree of satisfaction following the Endo-ACAB procedure.

Methods: A follow-up study was conducted of 50 consecutive patients who had undergone Endo-ACAB procedures at the Center for Less Invasive Cardiac Surgery and Robotic Heart Surgery in Buffalo, New York.

A pediatric surgery study: parent usage of the Internet for medical information.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to (1) determine parents access to and use of the Internet for information relating to their child's health; (2) investigate parents methods of searching for such information; and (3) evaluate the information found in relation to its readability, accuracy, and influence.

Methods: A study was conducted of 150 parents of outpatients in the Pediatric Surgery Clinic of a local Children's Hospital. Parents completed study surveys over a 6-week time frame.