Gastrointestinal Safety Assessment of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in the US: A Real-World Adverse Events Analysis from the FAERS Database.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are commonly used to treat obesity and diabetes but are linked to a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events (AEs). Real-world data on GLP-1 RA-related GI AEs and outcomes are limited. This study assessed GI AEs and adverse outcomes using the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

The association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease diagnosis and vasomotor symptoms in midlife women.

Objective: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and vasomotor symptoms (VMS) are associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Although visceral adiposity has been linked to MASLD and VMS independently, this study aimed to evaluate associations between the two in midlife women.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of women aged 45-60 years receiving primary care at one of four sites was conducted from March 1 through June 30, 2021.

Accuracy of Fecal Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing in Clarithromycin-Resistant Helicobacter Pylori: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of clarithromycin (CLA)-resistant Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) strains poses a significant challenge in the management of H. pylori infections.

Racial, Ethnic, and Geographic Disparities in Digestive Diseases Mortality in the United States, 2000-2019.

Background And Aims: The global burden of digestive diseases mortality has been increasing over the last 3 decades. However, little is known about disparities in digestive diseases-specific mortality in the United States. This study aimed to examine racial, ethnic, and state- and county-level disparities in digestive diseases mortality rate in the United States between 2000 and 2019.

Trends and Age-Period-Cohort Effect on the Incidence of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer (20-44 Years) from 1990 to 2021 in the United States.

The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) in individuals under 50 years old is rapidly increasing in the United States. This study aims to evaluate EO-CRC incidence rates using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021, providing insights into trends from 1990 to 2021. We employed an age-period-cohort (APC) model analysis to estimate the effects of age, time period, and birth cohort on EO-CRC incidence.

The effect of virtual reality on perioperative pain management in patients undergoing gastrointestinal procedures and surgeries: a systematic review of clinical trials.

Background: Virtual reality (VR) is an advanced technology that transports users into a virtual world. It has been proven to be effective in pain management via distraction and alteration of pain perception. However, the impact of VR on treating perioperative pain is inconclusive.

: A concise review of the latest treatments against an old foe.

is a significant public health concern given its high prevalence, growing rates of antibiotic resistance, and carcinogenic effect, all of which create management challenges for internists, gastroenterologists, and other specialty physicians. With almost half of the world's human population harboring , carcinogenic sequelae are a concern to many practitioners. Recent guidelines recommend testing high-risk populations for using noninvasive or invasive methods.

Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Associated Gastrointestinal Adverse Events: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the National Institutes of Health All of Us Cohort.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are commonly used diabetes and obesity medications but have been associated with gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events. However, real-world evidence on comparative GI adverse reaction profiles is limited.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate GI adverse events among GLP-1 RA users and compare semaglutide, dulaglutide, liraglutide, and exenatide safety regarding the GI adverse reaction profile.

Alcohol and Substance Use Among the Working Age Population: A Nationwide Study of Fall-Related Emergency Department Visits.

Objective: Prior studies have linked fall-related emergency department (ED) visits among older adults to alcohol use. Characteristics related to falls in the working age population (WAP; 15-64 years) may vary with alcohol and substance use. This study aimed to identify factors associated with fall-related ED visits related to alcohol and substance use in the WAP.

Efficacy of eHealth Technologies on Medication Adherence in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Suboptimal adherence to cardiac pharmacotherapy, recommended by the guidelines after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has been recognized and is associated with adverse outcomes. Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that eHealth technologies are useful in reducing cardiovascular risk factors. However, little is known about the effect of eHealth interventions on medication adherence in patients following ACS.

The association between menopausal hormone therapy and gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Importance And Objective: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic condition associated with several risk factors, but little is known about the association between hormone therapy (HT) and GERD in postmenopausal women.

Evidence Review: We investigated the association between ever or current menopausal HT use and GERD using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Studies published between 2008 and August 31, 2022, were pooled using a DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model, and outcomes were reported as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with a corresponding 95% CI.

Wilson's Disease Presenting in Late Adult Life.

Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disease affecting the copper metabolism resulting in various clinical presentations. Diagnosis includes the presence of low serum copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations, increased urinary copper excretion, and/or increased hepatic copper concentrations. Yet, genetic testing remains diagnostic.

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome presenting as recurrent chronic headache in the late adult life.

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DDMS) (also referred to as cerebral hemiatrophy) is a rare condition characterized by seizures, facial asymmetry, contralateral spastic hemiplegia, or hemiparesis, with or without learning difficulties. It usually presents in the early childhood or late adolescence. The diagnosis is mainly associated with the presence of radiologic findings which include contralateral cerebral hemiatrophy with ipsilateral dilatation of the lateral ventricle and hypertrophy of the sinuses.

Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Acute Pancreatitis in a Patient With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an uncommon potential complication of severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). We reported a case of a 45-year-old man admitted with HTG-induced AP (HTG-AP). The patient was a known diabetic (glycated hemoglobin levels: 9.

Preoperative antiviral therapy and microvascular invasion in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis.

Microvascular invasion (MVI) is an important predictor of metastatic tumour recurrence and is associated with adverse outcomes and poor prognosis in Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. The association between varying regimens of anti-viral drugs with the incidence of MVI in HBV-related HCC has been demonstrated, however, no meta-analysis of the available data has been conducted. Therefore, the current study sought to evaluate the association of preoperative antiviral therapy with incidence of microvascular invasion in HCC hepatitis virus patients.

Efficacy of Statin/Ezetimibe for Secondary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Asian Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Several clinical trials have investigated the effect of statin/ezetimibe combination therapy on secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the Asian population.

Objective: This study aimed to summarize study results regarding the effect of statin/ezetimibe combination therapy on lipid parameters and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (HsCRP) biomarkers in ASCVD patients from Asian countries.

Methods: We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for relevant papers published from 2008 to June 2020.

COVID-19 Induced Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation: A Novel Case From the United Arab Emirates.

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clinically manifests as respiratory and gastrointestinal presentations, most commonly vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Although the impaired liver function is prevalent in COVID-19, it is poorly understood. We report the first case of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation caused by COVID-19 in a young adult with altered mental status and severe transaminitis.

Vaccines and Drug Therapeutics to Lock Down Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.

The ongoing novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been responsible for millions of infections and hundreds of thousands of deaths. To date, there is no approved targeted treatment, and many investigational therapeutic agents and vaccine candidates are being considered for the treatment of COVID-19. To extract and summarize information on potential vaccines and therapeutic agents against COVID-19 at different stages of clinical trials from January to March 2020, we reviewed major clinical trial databases such as ClinicalTrials.

HIV/AIDS-knowledge and attitudes in the Arabian Peninsula: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: HIV/AIDS prevention has been widely adopted worldwide, but little is known about HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes in the Arabian Peninsula.

Aim: To summarize the level of knowledge and attitude about HIV/AIDS in seven Arabian Peninsula countries (Saudi Arabia, Oman, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Yemen, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE)).

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using combined keywords in four scientific databases of peer-reviewed publications from January 2010 to June 2019.

Knowledge and Perceptions of COVID-19 Among Health Care Workers: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: During the first week of March, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak reached more than 100 countries with over 100,000 cases. Health care authorities have already initiated awareness and preparedness activities worldwide. A poor understanding of the disease among health care workers (HCWs) may result in delayed treatment and result in the rapid spread of the infection.

Embolic Stroke and Meningitis Secondary to Native Valve Endocarditis.

is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus that leads to destructive infective endocarditis. The clinical course of endocarditis is usually aggressive with a high mortality rate compared to endocarditis caused by other coagulase-negative staphylococcal species. Despite that, it is usually sensitive to Penicillin G, and surgical intervention is sometimes warranted.