Pneumothorax and Pneumomediastinum Secondary to COVID-19 Disease Unrelated to Mechanical Ventilation.

In the recent worldwide coronavirus 2019 pandemic, a notable rise in pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax complications has been witnessed in numerous mechanically ventilated patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Most cases have reported these complications as barotrauma from mechanical ventilation with COVID-19 disease. We aim to report three polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 patients who developed pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax unrelated to mechanical ventilation.

Bilateral pleural masses in an immunocompromised patient.

We present a case of persistent pleural masses with mediastinal adenopathy in an immunocompromised patient initially biopsied, diagnosed and treated for pneumonia, ultimately requiring surgical thoracoscopy to diagnose pulmonary histoplasmosis. We discuss the diagnostic approach for pleural masses in immunocompromised patients, the limitations of tissue sampling, interpretation and methodology, and pitfalls of testing in making a pathogen-specific diagnosis.

Vaping-Induced Lung Injury: A Case of Lipoid Pneumonia Associated with E-Cigarettes Containing Cannabis.

Electronic cigarette, or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI), is a group of lung disorders associated with vaping and e-cigarette products that has previously been categorized as a diagnosis of exclusion and best described as an exogenous lipoid pneumonia or chemical pneumonitis. Here, we describe the onset of an exogenous cause of lipoid pneumonia in an otherwise healthy patient using cannabis-containing electronic cigarettes. We explore similarities in the clinical case, define a common clinical presentation with progression of disease, characteristic radiographic findings along with pathological diagnosis and management.

[COMPARISON OF CLINICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ARAB AND JEWISH CHILDREN LIVING IN THE GALILEE WHO HAVE SUFFERED FROM AN INTESTINAL INFECTION CAUSED BY CAMPYLOBACTER].

Introduction: Among all infectious agents that cause gastrointestinal infection in children, the most common is the Campylobacter bacterium. The bacterium has multiple virulence factors such as motility, adhesion and invasion of the human intestinal lining, and enzyme secretion. In recent years, there has been a worldwide increase in Campylobacter resistance to antibiotics.

[Rare infection--prolonged A. naeslundii bacteremia caused by severe caries].

Actinomyces is an anaerobic, gram positive, rod shape bacteria that doesn't create spores. Actinomyces is part of the mouth, intestines, vagina and upper respiratory system flora. The infection appears mostly on the face, neck, abdomen and pelvis in cases of mucosa injury and most common in immunosuppressed patients.

Diabetic ketoacidosis presenting with acute pancreatitis and visceral vein thrombosis.

Abdominal pain is a frequent manifestation in patients presenting with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Usually it is attributed to severe metabolic acidosis but it can be due to underlying abdominal pathologies (i.e.

[Unusual infection--Pasteurella canis bacteremia in a child after exposure to rabbit secretions].

Pasteurella spp. is a natural habitant of the oral flora and digestive tract of various domestic animals. There are several species of Pasteurella which can cause disease in humans.

Fracture risk in men with congestive heart failure risk reduction with spironolactone.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether spironolactone use is associated with fractures in men with congestive heart failure (CHF).

Background: In rats with aldosteronism, spironolactone preserves skeletal strength. However, in humans, the relationship of spironolactone to fractures is not known.

Cockayne syndrome type II in a Druze isolate in Northern Israel in association with an insertion mutation in ERCC6.

Cockayne syndrome (CS) (OMIM #133540) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by severe growth and developmental retardation, progressive neurological dysfunction and symptoms of premature aging. The underlying cause of the disease is a defect in transcription-coupled DNA repair, specifically the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. To date, about half of the reported CS cases have an altered cellular response to UV resulting from mutations in either the CSA or the CSB genes.

Closure of anterior post-palatoplasty fistula using superior lip myomucosal flap.

Objective: (a) Surgical repair of palatal fistulas are technically difficult due to excessive tissue fibrosis with high failure rate. (b) The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of closure of anterior palatal fistula using myomucosal superior lip flap.

Methods: 33 cases with anterior palatal fistulas after cleft palate repair were subjected to closure in two-layers, the first is the oral mucoperiosteum hinge flap to reconstruct the nasal side and the second is a myomucosal flap from the inner surface of the superior lip to reconstruct the oral side.