Energy-conversion efficiency for producing oxy-hydrogen gas using a simple generator based on water electrolysis.

Producing hydrogen efficiently through water electrolysis could greatly reduce fossil fuel consumption. As well as this renewable energy source will also help combat global warming and boost economic investment opportunities. This paper studied some factors affecting the performance of oxy-hydrogen/hydroxy (HHO) gas generator, such as applied voltage (from 10.

Versatility of Local Fasciocutaneous Island Flaps for Resurfacing Soft Tissue Defects Overlying the Achilles Tendon.

Background: Reconstruction of soft tissue defects overlying the Achilles tendon has always been a challenge. Various modalities of reconstruction have been described to resurface such defects. We aimed to assess the functional and cosmetic outcomes of all patients who had undergone reconstruction of small and medium sized soft tissue defects of the Achilles region using local fasciocutaneous island flaps.

Intralesional pentoxifylline, triamcinolone acetonide, and their combination for treatment of keloid scars.

Background: Keloids are common fibroproliferative tumors, and their treatment still represents a dilemma. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) injection is effective, but frequently associated with side effects. Pentoxifyllin (PTX) is a vasodilator, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic agent.

Single Stage Reconstruction of Large Calvarial Exposure after Tumor Resection: A 3-Year Experience.

Background: We aimed to review the treatment and outcome of patients' undergone reconstruction of large full thickness scalp defects with exposed calvarium after oncologic resection with the combined local flap and split-thickness skin graft (STSG) technique.

Methods: A retrospective review of 45 patients with scalp defects secondary to tumor extirpation was performed at the Plastic Surgery Department, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Egypt from Nov 2016 to Nov 2019. Patients, with large (>50 cm2) and full-thickness (exposed calvarium) scalp defects, who underwent scalp reconstruction with the combined local flap and STSG technique and had completed their medical records were enrolled.

Modified Stoppa as an alternative surgical approach for fixation of anterior fracture acetabulum: a randomized control clinical trial.

Background: Fracture acetabulum is a challenging, difficult to treat orthopedic injury due to its location and associated concomitant injuries. The modified Stoppa approach for reduction of fracture acetabulum improves access to quadrilateral surface and posterior column and is considered to be advantageous in many facets of the surgery.

Methods: A randomized controlled clinical study was conducted to provide an update on our experience with modified Stoppa as a favorable surgical approach in acetabular fractures.

Ulnar Nerve Injuries (Sunderland Grade V): A Simplified Classification System and Treatment Algorithm.

Unlabelled: This study introduced a novel technical approach to the ulnar nerve injuries. The ulnar nerve was divided into 4 distinct surgical zones, each mandating a unique management strategy.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted to verify the hypothesized algorithm.

Short-Segment Fixation of Thoracolumbar Fractures with Incorporated Screws at the Level of Fracture.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of including the fractured vertebra in the short-segment fixation of thoracolumbar (TL) fractures.

Methods: A total of 32 patients with thoraco-lumbar fractures, selected between August 2013 and February 2016, were managed by short-segment fixation with screws at the level of the fracture, and decompression was performed only for patients with neurological deficits. The patients' functional outcome was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain and the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score for neurological condition.

Comparison of Nd: YAG Laser and Combined Intense Pulsed Light and Radiofrequency in the Treatment of Hypertrophic Scars: A Prospective Clinico-Histopathological Study.

Introduction: Hypertrophic scars are fibroproliferative disorders, seen after burn, trauma, and/or surgery. We aimed to compare the clinical and histopathological results of 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser and combined intense pulsed light and radiofrequency in the treatment of hypertrophic scars.

Methods: Fifty patients with hypertrophic scars were included in this prospective, randomized study.

Teres major transfer to restore external rotation of shoulder in Erb palsy patients.

Background: The lack of external rotation and shoulder abduction as sequelae of obstetric brachial plexus palsy requires a release of the subscapularis muscle associated with tendon transfer of the internal rotator of the shoulder. The aim of this study was to present the results of a teres major transfer to the infraspinatus tendon.

Methods: This study included 20 patients (9 boys and 11 girls) with a mean age of 3 years 8 months (range, 1.

Outcome of Thumb Reconstruction Using the First Dorsal Metacarpal Artery Island Flap.

Background: Reconstruction of complex soft tissue defects of the thumb, with exposure of tendons, joints or bones, has always been a difficult task. We evaluated the functional and esthetic outcomes of 1 dorsal metacarpal artery island flap in reconstruction of post-traumatic soft tissue defects of the thumb.

Methods: Between January 2012 and June 2014, fifteen patients with complex post-traumatic soft tissue thumb defects underwent 1 dorsal metacarpal artery island flap.

Foot and Ankle Reconstruction Using the Distally Based Sural Artery Flap Versus the Medial Plantar Flap: A Comparative Study.

Soft tissue defects around the foot and ankle region often present an awkward problem for plastic surgeons. The medial plantar artery flap raised from the non-weightbearing instep of the plantar foot offers a thick, sensorial, durable, and glabrous skin. The reversed sural artery flap offers a reliable option for coverage with the advantages of a wide arc of rotation, adequate dimensions, and a reliable blood supply.

The Impact of Silver Nanoparticles Produced by As Antimicrobial and Nematicide.

This study evaluates the potential application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as antimicrobial or nematicidal agents produced by the extremophile , which was isolated from the alkaline Wadi El-Natrun Lake in Egypt. The AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The size of AgNPs formed ranged from 20.

Sex Chromosome Mosaicism in the Gonads of DSD Patients: A Karyotype/Phenotype Correlation.

Sex chromosome mosaicism results in a large clinical spectrum of disorders of sexual development (DSD). The percentage of 45,X cells in the developing gonad plays a major role in sex determination. However, few reports on the gonadal mosaic status have been published, and the phenotype is usually correlated with peripheral lymphocyte karyotypes, which makes the phenotype prediction imprecise.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms in Egyptian Turner Syndrome patients.

Background: Folate metabolism dysfunctions can result in DNA hypomethylation and abnormal chromosome segregation. Two common polymorphisms of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) encoding gene (C677T and A1298C) reduce MTHFR activity, but when associated with aneuploidy, the results are conflicting. Turner Syndrome (TS) is an interesting model for investigating the association between MTHFR gene polymorphisms and nondisjunction because of the high frequency of chromosomal mosaicism in this syndrome.

New haplotypes of the ATP synthase subunit 6 gene of mitochondrial DNA are associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer diagnosed in children and represents approximately 25% of cancer diagnoses among those younger than 15 years of age.

Aim And Objectives: This study investigated substitutions in the ATP synthase subunit 6 gene of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as a potential diagnostic biomarker for early detection and diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Based on mtDNA from 23 subjects diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, approximately 465 bp of the ATP synthase subunit 6 gene were amplified and sequenced.

Intellectual disability secondary to a 16p13 duplication in a 1;16 translocation. Extended phenotype in a four-generation family.

We describe a large family from the Gaza Strip presented with multiple congenital anomalies. The proband was presented with intellectual disability and multiple congenital anomalies including cleft palate, low-set ears, everted upper lip, diaphragmatic hernia, and arthrogryposis. Pedigree analysis showed 19 affected patients over five generations, only 6 were alive and 11 individuals were obligate carriers.

The mystery of recurrent idiopathic cerebrovascular and coronary arterial thrombosis.

A 46-year-old man presented to our hospital with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Previous records revealed a history of recurrent non-STEMI, stroke and transient ischaemic attacks. He was thoroughly investigated with coronary angiography, a cerebral CT angiography, thrombophilia panel and autoimmune screening tests, all of which proved negative.

Novel mutations in the displacement loop of mitochondrial DNA are associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a genetic sequencing study.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer diagnosed in children and represents approximately 25% of cancer diagnoses among those younger than 15 years of age.

Materials And Methods: This study investigated alterations in the displacement loop (d-loop) region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as a risk factor and diagnostic biomarker for early detection and diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Using mtDNA from 23 subjects diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the first 450 bp of the d-loop region were amplified and successfully sequenced.

Nutritional and functional assessment of hospitalized elderly: impact of sociodemographic variables.

Background. This work was constructed in order to assess the nutritional and functional status in hospitalized elderly and to study the associations between them and sociodemographic variables. Methods.

DNA barcode through cytochrome b gene information of mtDNA in native chicken strains.

This study was carried out to figure out the potentiality of a cytochrome b gene as a barcoding tool in discriminating native chicken strains and other Gallus gallus species. We performed PCR amplification using universal primer to amplify around 415 bp fragment of cytochrome b gene of mtDNA. The results revealed that all Saudi chicken strains were identical to each other but when compared with other species of Gallus the differences were exciting.

Phenotypic characterization of rare interstitial deletion of chromosome 4.

Interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 4 is rare. Patients with interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 4 differ from those with terminal deletions. Phenotypes may be variable, depending upon the specific length and location of the deleted portion.

Growth curves of Egyptian patients with Turner syndrome.

This study analyzes the body anthropometric measurements in females with Turner syndrome (TS) not treated with recombinant human growth hormone. Height, weight, head circumference, and body mass index (BMI) data were collected from 93 patients. Their ages ranged from 6 months to 24 years (mean 10 ± 4.

Advanced procedures for labeling of antibodies with quantum dots.

Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are proved to be unique fluorescent labels providing excellent possibilities for high-throughput detection and diagnostics. To explore in full QDs' advantages in brightness, photostability, large Stokes shift, and tunability by size fluorescence emission, they should be rendered stable in biological fluids and tagged with the target-specific capture molecules. Ideal QD-based nanoprobes should not exceed 15nm in diameter and should contain on their surface multiple copies of homogeneously oriented highly active affinity molecules, for example, antibodies (Abs).

Validation of TIMI and GRACE acute coronary risk scores in Alexandria Governorate and their role in the comparison of quality of care between hospitals.

Background: Risk stratification in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) aims to identify those patients who might benefit prognostically from further investigation and treatment. In addition, risk stratification models have been used by health authorities and hospitals in quality management activities.

Aim: The present study aimed at validating the Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) and The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk scores for prediction of mortality in patients with ACS in Alexandria governorate.

Emerging applications of fluorescent nanocrystals quantum dots for micrometastases detection.

The occurrence of metastases is one of the main causes of death in many cancers and the main cause of death for breast cancer patients. Micrometastases of disseminated tumour cells and circulating tumour cells are present in more than 30% of breast cancer patients without any clinical or even histopathological signs of metastasis. Low abundance of these cell types in clinical diagnostic material dictates the necessity of their enrichment prior to reliable detection.