Pediatric Anesthesia Exposure: Decoding Its Neurodevelopmental Implications and Navigating the Nuances.

General anesthesia is fundamental in pediatric medical interventions, but its potential neurodevelopmental impact on children has raised concerns, necessitating a thorough investigation. This systematic review aimed to assess the association between pediatric anesthesia exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes, focusing on dosage effects and identifying high-risk groups. The study involved an extensive literature search across PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar, selecting 40 relevant studies from an initial pool of 2,000, based on inclusion criteria that focused on children under 18 years exposed to anesthesia, excluding those with major comorbidities or perioperative physiological insults.

The Risk of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Healthcare Workers at a General Hospital in Bisha, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Background and objective Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health issue, often preceded by a latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in individuals. Significant global and local efforts have recently been directed toward this infection, focusing on TB control and eradication. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of LTBI among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, by evaluating its prevalence and associated risk factors.

The Incidence of Needlestick and Sharps Injuries Among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Needlestick injuries (NSIs) and sharps injuries (SIs) remain significant hazards in most healthcare facilities that expose healthcare workers (HCWs) to blood-borne pathogens (e.g., HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C).

Comparative Analysis of Effectiveness Between Flipped Classroom and Lecture-Based Classroom in Undergraduate Medical Education at Alfaisal University.

Objective The effectiveness of the flipped classroom is currently debated due to conflicting results from different studies. It is therefore important to evaluate its usefulness each time it is applied in a new setting. Thus, this study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the effectiveness and acceptability of the flipped classroom in undergraduate medical education at the College of Medicine, Alfaisal University.

Applying integrated video assisted learning approaches for medical clerkship - potential adaptations in the post-COVID-19 era.

Lockdowns and social distancing measures due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic have forced the delivery and assessment of educational material to be performed via online and virtual educational tools. Such disruption has greatly affected hands-on training programs essential to acquire clinical competencies, particularly modes requiring physical patient encounters. While most educational content has successfully been shifted to predominantly web-conferencing platforms, the essential clinical teaching at affiliated hospitals for undergraduate medicine clerkship years has been severely disrupted due to barring of students from hospital premises to minimise spread of COVID-19, presenting a problem requiring unique solutions to ensure that quality of education and subsequent healthcare is kept sufficiently high.

Vitamin D and intestinal homeostasis: Barrier, microbiota, and immune modulation.

Vitamin D plays a pivotal role in intestinal homeostasis. Vitamin D can impact the function of virtually every cell in the gut by binding to its intracellular receptor (VDR) and subsequently transcribing relevant genes. In the lumen, the mucus layer and the underlying epithelium serve to keep resident microbiota at bay.

Medical education dilemma: How can we best accommodate basic sciences in a curriculum for 21st century medical students? .

Over the years, the medical curriculum has been changed to accommodate a variety of evolving disciplines and an exploding scientific knowledge of the basic sciences to prepare "a competent physician" of the 21st century. Therefore, we must be innovative in our approach of curricular development if we wish to continue to incorporate new basic sciences knowledge in the face of decreasing contact hours to satisfy the buzz word, "integration". Certainly, the challenges are phenomenal.

Low Utility of Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for Detecting Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients Before Liver Transplantation.

Objectives: Our program routinely used fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography as part of the liver transplant evaluation of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of this imaging modality in the pretransplant work-up.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of our liver transplant database from January 2011 to December 2014 for all patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent a liver transplant.

Antimicrobial resistance and virulence markers in methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with nasal colonization.

Most Staphylococcus aureus infections occur in previously colonized persons who also act as reservoirs for continued dissemination. This study aimed to investigate the carriage of antimicrobial resistance and virulence markers in S. aureus isolates associated with nasal colonization.

Identification of the TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator in various stages of colorectal cancer patients.

The TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) is a p53 target gene known to regulate glycolysis by acting as fructose bis-phosphatase (FBPase) and modulate reactive oxygen species. TIGAR expression has been implicated in oncogenesis and progression of several human cancers. However, TIGAR expression is not known in various stages of colorectal cancer (CRC).

The pathogenesis of the clinical features of oral-facial-digital syndrome type I.

Oral-facial-digital syndrome type I (OFDI) is an X-linked syndrome, which has several craniofacial and limb features; and hence, patients frequently present to craniofacial and plastic surgeons. Oral-facial-digital syndrome type I is caused by mutations in the CXORF5 gene. The gene product is one of the basal body proteins of a slim microtubule-based organelle called the "primary cilium".

In vitro evaluation of anticancer and antibacterial activities of cobalt oxide nanoparticles.

Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4-NPs) were synthesized using simple urea-based thermal decomposition method. Phase purity and particle size of as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized through X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy. Through XRD morphology of the Co3O4-NPs was found to be variable in size with range of 36 nm.

Hyponatremia as the Initial Presentation of Cryptococcal Meningitis After Liver Transplantation.

Introduction: Meningoencephalitis is the most common clinical manifestation of cryptococcal infection, as the organism has a propensity to invade the CNS. Patients often present with elevated intracranial pressure, focal motor deficits, altered mentation and internal hydrocephalus. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) has been reported as a notable cause of euvolemic hyponatremia in immunocompromised patients.

On the neglected entity of unilateral gynecomastia.

Although there are many articles in the literature on the etiology, classification, and management of gynecomastia, the entity of unilateral gynecomastia has not received much attention. In this article, 15 consecutive males (seen over a 10-year period) with unilateral gynecomastia were retrospectively reviewed. The study showed the unique presentation in this group of patients.