Microstructure, wear, and corrosion properties of PEEK-based composite coating incorporating titania- and copper-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles.

Poor wear- and corrosion-resistance of 316L SS implants are critical problems in orthopedic implants. This study aims to improve the wear- and corrosion-resistance of 316L SS through surface coating. In this study, a bilayer composite coating consisting of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) as the first layer, and titania (TiO)- and Cu-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Cu-MBGNs) were deposited as the second layer on a 316L SS electrophoretic deposition (EPD).

Review of Supplements That Patients Commonly Report Using for Dementia.

Dietary supplements are readily available over the counter in the United States and are used by the majority of older adults to address a variety of concerns and conditions. Many older adults report using dietary supplements for cognitive health-either to address memory loss or dementia or in efforts to prevent cognitive decline. Our objective for this narrative review is to summarize the available efficacy and safety data for several supplements commonly reported in our clinic as being used for symptoms of dementia.

Integrative approaches to m6A and m5C RNA modifications in autism spectrum disorder revealing potential causal variants.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that currently affects approximately 1-2% of the global population. Genome-wide studies have identified several loci associated with ASD; however, pinpointing causal variants remains elusive. Therefore, functional studies are essential to discover potential therapeutics for ASD.

identification of potential peptide inhibitors to disrupt NLRP3 inflammasome complex formation by blocking NLRP3-ASC pyrin-pyrin interactions.

The NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome is a well-known and frequently cited regulator of caspase-1 activation. It plays a significant role in several pathophysiological processes and is a major regulator of the innate immune response. A growing amount of scientific evidences for its aberrant activation in various chronic inflammatory diseases attracts a growing interest in the development of new NLRP3 inhibitors.

Linkage Disequilibrium Decay in Selected Cattle Breeds.

Linkage disequilibrium (LD) maps are fundamental tools for exploring the genetic basis of traits of interest in any species. Quantifying LD patterns in cattle breeds has been made possible due to the availability of huge quantities of SNPs through modern sequencing technology. The present research aims to determine and compare linkage disequilibrium levels at different distances on the genome of Sistani domestic cattle and subspecies of Bos taurus and Bos indicus based on genome SNP data.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of diclofenac acid derivatives as potential lipoxygenase and α-glucosidase inhibitors.

Inflammation is a complex physiological response associated with the onset and progression of various disorders, including diabetes. In this study, we synthesized a series of diclofenac acid derivatives and evaluated their potential anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory activities. The compounds were specifically assessed for their ability to inhibit 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) and α-glucosidase enzymes.

Molecular modeling and synthesis of novel benzimidazole-derived thiazolidinone bearing chalcone derivatives: a promising approach to develop potential anti-diabetic agents.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disorder which is raised at the alarming level and it is characterized by the hyperglycemia results from the impaired action of insulin, production of insulin or both of these simultaneously. Consequently, it causes problems or failure of different body organs such as kidneys, heart, eyes, nerve system. Since this disease cannot be completely cured until now, we aimed to design series of enzymes inhibitors and tested them for DM treatment.

UK Foot and Ankle Thromboembolism (UK-FATE).

Aims: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potential complication of foot and ankle surgery. There is a lack of agreement on contributing risk factors and chemical prophylaxis requirements. The primary outcome of this study was to analyze the 90-day incidence of symptomatic VTE and VTE-related mortality in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery and Achilles tendon (TA) rupture.

Identification of novel NLRP3 inhibitors as therapeutic options for epilepsy by machine learning-based virtual screening, molecular docking and biomolecular simulation studies.

The NOD-Like Receptor Protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a key therapeutic target for the treatment of epilepsy and has been reported to regulate inflammation in several neurological diseases. In this study, a machine learning-based virtual screening strategy has investigated candidate active compounds that inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome. As machine learning-based virtual screening has the potential to accurately predict protein-ligand binding and reduce false positives outcomes compared to traditional virtual screening.

Unraveling the mysteries of chicken proteomics: Insights into follicle development and reproduction.

Chicken proteomics is a valuable method for comprehending the many mechanisms involved in follicle growth and reproduction in birds. This study offers a thorough summary of the latest progress in chicken proteomics research, specifically highlighting the knowledge obtained regarding follicle development and reproductive physiology. Proteomic studies have revealed essential proteins and pathways that play a role in follicle development, including those that control oocyte size, maturation, and ovulation.

Identification of Novel Antileishmanial Chemotypes By High-Throughput Virtual and In Vitro Screening.

Background: Leishmaniasis is a deadly protozoan parasitic disease and a significant health problem in underdeveloped and developing countries. The global spread of the parasite, coupled with the emergence of drug resistance and severe side effects associated with existing treatments, has necessitated the identification of new and potential drugs.

Objective: This study aimed to identify promising compounds for the treatment of leishmaniasis by targeting two essential enzymes of Leishmania donovani: trypanothione reductase (Try-R) and trypanothione synthetase (Try-S).

In vivo biological screening of extract and bioactive compound from Ficus benghalensis L. and their in silico molecular docking analysis.

Background: Ficus benghalensis has been used by local health care practitioners to treat pain, inflammation, rheumatism, and other health issues.

Objective: In this study, the crude extract and diverse fractions, along with the isolated compound of F. benghalensis were examined for their roles as muscle relaxants, analgesics, and sedatives.

Unraveling the impact of water deficit stress on nutritional quality and defense response of tomato genotypes.

Water deficit stress triggers various physiological and biochemical changes in plants, substantially affecting both overall plant defense response and thus nutritional quality of tomatoes. The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant defense response and nutritional quality of different tomato genotypes under water deficit stress. In this study, six tomato genotypes were used and subjected to water deficit stress by withholding water for eight days under glass house conditions.

The Omics Revolution in Understanding Chicken Reproduction: A Comprehensive Review.

Omics approaches have significantly contributed to our understanding of several aspects of chicken reproduction. This review paper gives an overview of the use of omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to elucidate the mechanisms of chicken reproduction. Genomics has transformed the study of chicken reproduction by allowing the examination of the full genetic makeup of chickens, resulting in the discovery of genes associated with reproductive features and disorders.

Exploring Zingiber officinale bioactive compounds for inhibitory effects on Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis proteins: In silico study.

The capsule is a major virulence factor for Streptococcus pneumoniae which causes global morbidity and mortality. It is already known that there are few conserved genes in the capsular biosynthesis pathway, which are common among all known serotypes, called CpsA, CpsB, CpsC and CpsD. Inhibiting capsular synthesis can render S.

Identification of new potent NLRP3 inhibitors by multi-level in-silico approaches.

Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP-3), is an intracellular sensor that is involved in inflammasome activation, and the aberrant expression of NLRP3 is responsible for diabetes mellitus, its complications, and many other inflammatory diseases. NLRP3 is considered a promising drug target for novel drug design. Here, a pharmacophore model was generated from the most potent inhibitor, and its validation was performed by the Gunner-Henry scoring method.

Graphormer supervised de novo protein design method and function validation.

Protein design is central to nearly all protein engineering problems, as it can enable the creation of proteins with new biological functions, such as improving the catalytic efficiency of enzymes. One key facet of protein design, fixed-backbone protein sequence design, seeks to design new sequences that will conform to a prescribed protein backbone structure. Nonetheless, existing sequence design methods present limitations, such as low sequence diversity and shortcomings in experimental validation of the designed functional proteins.

Prospective virtual screening combined with bio-molecular simulation enabled identification of new inhibitors for the KRAS drug target.

Lung cancer is a disease with a high mortality rate and it is the number one cause of cancer death globally. Approximately 12-14% of non-small cell lung cancers are caused by mutations in KRAS. The KRAS is one of the most prevalent mutants in lung cancer patients.

Discovery of new α-glucosides, antiglycation agent, and in silico study of 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one isolated from .

is locally practiced for treating diabetes, pain, inflammation, and erectile dysfunction. Therefore, the current studies subjected the crude extract/fractions and the isolated compound (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one) to α-glucosidase inhibitor and anti-glycation activities. The development of long-term complications associated with diabetes is primarily caused by chronic hyperglycemia.

Unsymmetrical thiourea derivatives: synthesis and evaluation as promising antioxidant and enzyme inhibitors.

Unsymmetrical thioureas were synthesized and then characterized by various spectroscopy techniques such as UV, IR, fast atom bombardment (FAB)-MS, high-resolution FAB-MS, H-NMR and C-NMR. Synthetic compounds were tested for their ability for antioxidant, lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase activities. Compounds , , , and exhibited strong antioxidant potential, whereas compounds , , , and showed good to moderate lipoxygenase activity.