Hyaluronic Acid: Exploring Its Versatile Applications in Dentistry.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) a polysaccharide present in many areas of the body like the synovium of synovial joints, and connective tissues which have high regenerative and biocompatible properties has been an area of interest since recent times in dentistry. Several research papers and review articles were studied in the Pubmed database to formulate this review article. The main aim of this article is to demonstrate various applications of HA in different branches of dentistry.

Citric acid treatment of post operative wound infections in HIV/AIDS patients.

The normal cellular immunity is required for normal wound healing. The HIV infection affects wound healing adversely. Wound infections in HIV/AIDS patients are difficult to manage because of compromised immunity.

Acetic acid treatment of pseudomonal wound infections--a review.

Purpose: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant cause of burn wound infections and, skin and soft tissue infections. The antiseptic management is an integral part of the management of wound infections and is essential to control wound infection. Although commonly used, concerns have been raised.

Nitrile-converting enzymes: an eco-friendly tool for industrial biocatalysis.

Nitriles are organic compounds bearing a − C ≡ N group; they are frequently known to occur naturally in both fauna and flora and are also synthesized chemically. They have wide applicability in the fields of medicine, industry, and environmental monitoring. However, the majority of nitrile compounds are considered to be lethal, mutagenic, and carcinogenic in nature and are known to cause potential health problems such as nausea, bronchial irritation, respiratory distress, convulsions, coma, and skeletal deformities in humans.

Simple and effective approach for the treatment of traumatic wounds in non-diabetic patients: a prospective open study.

Infection is one of the most important obstacles in the wound-healing process. Conventional methods used for the treatment of wound infections have their own limitations and hence, are difficult to control. If infection is not addressed well in time, it will further increase morbidity and cost of treatment.

Treatment of lepromatous ulcers using citric acid as a sole antimicrobial agent.

A prospective study was carried out to assess the role of citric acid as a sole antimicrobial agent in the management of lepromatous ulcers. Thirty-four known cases of lepromatous ulcers not responding to conventional antibiotic therapies for long duration were investigated for culture and susceptibility studies. Staphylococcus aureus (25·00%) and Klebsiella spp.

Simple and Effective Approach for Treating Non-healing Ulcers After a Snakebite .

An attempt has been made to develop a simple and effective approach for the treatment of snakebite ulcers using citric acid as the sole antimicrobial agent. Fifty-two (52) cases of snakebite ulcers not responding to conventional antibiotic therapy and local wound care were investigated for culture and susceptibility of swabs collected from the ulcers. Staphylococcus aureus (30.

Citric acid treatment of postoperative wound in an operated case of synovial sarcoma of the knee.

A 40-year-old female presented with history of swelling at the upper and middle of the left leg since 6 months was confirmed as post cancer surgery non healing wound not responding to conventional antibiotic therapy and local wound care in an operated case of synovial sarcoma of the knee, monophasic fibrous type with no lung metastasis. Post surgical non healing wound not responding to conventional therapy was treated successfully with local application of 3% citric acid ointment for 25 days.

Surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility pattern among shigella flexneri strain isolated in Nagpur district during three years period, January 2009-January 2012.

Objective: In the few cases of childhood dirrhea that require the antimicrobial therapy, the correct choice of the drug depends on detailed previous knowledge of local strains and pattern of antimicrobial resistance. Shigellosis is one of the most improtant examples of this group of intestinal infections. In order to establish such parameters in Nagpur city, this study was carried out to determine the antimcrobial resistance profile of Shigella flexneri isolated from patients suffering from diahhrea admitted to Various hoapitals in Nagpur district, India.

Citric acid treatment of necrotizing fasciitis: a report of two cases.

Necrotizing fasciitis is a destructive invasive infection of skin, subcutaneous tissue and deep fascia, with relative sparing of muscle. It is a life-threatening condition. Here we report two cases of necrotizing fasciitis, which were not responding to conventional antibiotic therapy and local wound care after aggressive debridement.

Simple, effective and affordable approach for the treatment of burns infections.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to develop a simple and effective treatment modality using citric acid as a sole antimicrobial agent to control infections in burns patients not responding to conventional treatment.

Methods: Forty-six cases with 5-60% superficial to deep burns in a study group and 20 cases with 10-70% superficial to deep burns in a control group were investigated for culture and susceptibility. The isolates in study group were further tested for susceptibility to citric acid.

A simple and effective approach for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers with different Wagner grades.

Diabetic foot infections are the major cause of morbidity. Infection is the common sequel of diabetic foot ulceration that leads to delayed wound healing. These infections are difficult to control.

A simple and effective approach for the treatment of chronic wound infections caused by multiple antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli.

Antimicrobial resistance is a major problem in present-day therapy. Despite the advent of newer antimicrobial agents with a broad spectrum of activity, multiple antibiotic resistant pathogens are difficult to eliminate from infected sites. The present study was carried out to develop an approach, using citric acid as a sole antimicrobial agent, for the treatment of chronic wound infections caused by multiresistant Escherichia coli (MAREC).

Relationship between caries status, colony forming units (cfu) of Streptococcus mutans and Snyder caries activity test.

It is a well established fact that dental caries is caused by streptococcus mutans. For qualitative and quantitative analysis of streptococcus mutans, saliva samples are often preferred and are processed according to Kohler and Brathall method. In the present study an attempt is made to relate caries status (caries free, average caries, and rampant caries group) with cfu counts of streptococcus mutans and Snyder test.

Bacteriological analysis of burn sepsis.

A total of 114 opportunistic bacteria were isolated from 65 swabs from burn sepsis. P. aeruginosa (53.

Citric acid treatment of severe electric burns complicated by multiple antibiotic resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

A case of severe electric burns complicated by multiple antibiotic resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa not responding to various antibiotics administered systemically is presented. Citric acid (3%) was used successfully to eliminate Pseudomonas aeruginosa from burn wounds and infection was completely controlled in 14 days. Citric acid treatment is evidently of value in the clinical control of burn wound colonization caused by difficult strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Bacteriological analysis of various environmental sources in a rural hospital.

Two hundred and five specimens from various sources of hospital ecosystem were processed for isolation of bacteria. 51.7% specimens were found positive and a total of 146 isolates were obtained.

Norfloxacin induced resistance to fluoroquinolones & structurally unrelated antimicrobial agents in coagulase negative staphylococci.

Nine clinical isolates of coagulase negative staphylococci (CONS) susceptible to norfloxacin (MIC 1.8-2 micrograms/ml) were manipulated in vitro to induce norfloxacin resistance by means of serial passage in brain heart infusion broth containing increasing concentrations of norfloxacin. Exposure of CONS to norfloxacin resulted in 18 to 20 times increase in MIC of norfloxacin and change in in vitro susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin, ofloxacin, kanamycin, neomycin and tobramycin, indicating development of cross resistance to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides.