Knee loading and joint pain during daily activities in people with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Knee loading is associated with the severity and progression of knee osteoarthritis, while knee pain contributes to reduced functional ability and quality of life. In this systematic review, we quantified knee loading and knee pain during different daily activities in people with knee osteoarthritis and explored methodological reasons for differences between studies.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and manual searches were performed up to July 2024, to retrieve studies measuring knee loading and knee pain in walking, sit-to-stand and stair climbing of people with knee osteoarthritis.

The impact of culture and lived experiences on health professions education and practice.

Health professions educators are not immune to the impact our lived experiences and associated cultures, including healthcare professional/higher education culture, can have on the development and manifestation of biases. These biases can impact students during the admissions process, their interactions with faculty in the classroom, selection for rewards and recognition, and access to research opportunities. Likewise, our colleagues can be affected during the hiring process, in their assignment to committees, and during the promotion and tenure process.

Searching for Asymmetric and Heavily Precessing Binary Black Holes in the Gravitational Wave Data from the LIGO Third Observing Run.

Leveraging the features of the GstLAL pipeline, we present the results of a matched filtering search for asymmetric binary black hole systems with heavily misaligned spins in LIGO and Virgo data taken during the third observing run. Our target systems show strong imprints of precession whereas current searches have nonoptimal sensitivity in detecting them. After measuring the sensitivity improvement brought by our search over standard spin-aligned searches, we report the detection of 30 gravitational wave events already discovered in the latest version of the Gravitational Wave Transient Catalog.

Synchronised Video, Motion Capture and Force Plate Dataset for Validating Markerless Human Movement Analysis.

The BioCV dataset is a unique combination of synchronised multi-camera video, marker based optical motion capture, and force plate data, observing 15 healthy participants (7 males, 8 females) performing controlled and repeated motions (walking, running, jumping and hopping), as well as photogrammetry scan data for each participant. The dataset was created for the purposes of developing and validating the performance of computer vision based markerless motion capture systems with respect to marker based systems.

Predictors of trigeminal neuropathy in patients receiving Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma.

Objective: The authors' objective was to validate dosimetric and clinical predictors of the development of trigeminal neuropathy (Tn) in patients treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for a diagnosis of vestibular schwannoma (VS).

Methods: In total, 301 patients were treated with SRS for VS at the authors' center between April 2013 and June 2020, with a median prescription dose of 12.5 Gy.

Mediators of the association between physical activity and executive functions in primary school children.

There is growing interest in identifying the mechanisms underpinning the effects of physical activity on executive functions (e.g. inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility) in children.

Physical activity intensity and older adolescents' stress: The 'STress-Reactivity after Exercise in Senior Secondary EDucation' (STRESSED) 3-arm randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: Late adolescence (15-19 years) is a period of heightened susceptibility to stress, but regular physical activity may attenuate reactivity to stressors. We aimed to explore the effects of physical activity intensity on older adolescents' stress-reactivity and self-reported mental health.

Design And Methods: Three-arm randomised controlled trial in New South Wales, Australia (April-June 2021).

Implementation of a passive bi-articular ankle-knee exoskeleton during maximal squat jumping.

Owing to the unexplored potential to harness knee extension power during jumping, the current study aimed to examine how joint mechanics were altered with a biologically inspired, passive bi-articular ankle-knee exoskeleton, which could potentially facilitate greater jump height by increasing work production about the knee and ankle. Twenty-five participants (16 males and 9 females, 175.2 ± 8.

Pilot Safety Study of a Microfabricated Device for Anterior Stromal Puncture to Treat Corneal Epithelial Disease in the Optical Axis.

Purpose: Anterior stromal puncture is an inexpensive and widely used technique at the slit lamp to treat recurrent corneal erosions (RCE), common sequelae of corneal abrasions, trauma, and epithelial basement membrane dystrophies (EBMDs). The purpose of this study was to determine safety of a novel anterior stromal micropuncture device (termed a "plexitome") for use in the optical axis of the cornea.

Methods: We performed an IRB-approved clinical pilot study on 45 patients with diverse corneal pathologies to determine the safety of the plexitome device and examined corneal healing responses clinically for a minimum of 30 days after treatment.

Seasonal Muscular Power Changes: Considerations of Concurrent Resistance and Field-Based Training in Professional Rugby League.

Redman, KJ, Wade, L, Whitley, R, Connick, MJ, Kelly, VG, and Beckman, EM. Seasonal muscular power changes: considerations of concurrent resistance and field-based training in professional rugby league. J Strength Cond Res 38(9): 1620-1626, 2024-A rugby league player's ability to develop or maintain lower-body power will be significantly influenced by the resistance and field-based training loads completed.

Automating Video-Based Two-Dimensional Motion Analysis in Sport? Implications for Gait Event Detection, Pose Estimation, and Performance Parameter Analysis.

Background: Two-dimensional (2D) video is a common tool used during sports training and competition to analyze movement. In these videos, biomechanists determine key events, annotate joint centers, and calculate spatial, temporal, and kinematic parameters to provide performance reports to coaches and athletes. Automatic tools relying on computer vision and artificial intelligence methods hold promise to reduce the need for time-consuming manual methods.

The effect of foot orientation modifications on knee joint biomechanics during daily activities in people with and without knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Altered gait could influence knee joint moment magnitudes and cumulative damage over time. Gait modifications have been shown to reduce knee loading in people with knee osteoarthritis during walking, although this has not been explored in multiple daily activities. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of different foot orientations on knee loading during multiple daily activities in people with and without knee osteoarthritis.

Associations Between Motor Competence and Executive Functions in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Motor competence and executive functions co-develop throughout childhood and adolescence, and there is emerging evidence that improvements in motor competence may have cognitive benefits in these populations. There is a need to provide a quantitative synthesis of the cross-sectional, longitudinal and experimental studies that have examined the association between motor competence and executive functions in school-aged youth.

Objectives: The primary aim of our systematic review was to synthesise evidence of the association between motor competence and executive functions in school-aged children and adolescents (5-18 years).

Web-based intervention for young adults experiencing anxiety and hazardous alcohol use: Study protocol for an 18-month randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Alcohol use and anxiety often co-occur, causing increased severity impairment. This protocol describes a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that aims to test the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a web-based, self-guided alcohol and anxiety-focused program, compared with a web-based brief alcohol-focused program, for young adults who drink at hazardous levels and experience anxiety. It will also test moderators and mechanisms of change underlying the intervention effects.

The effectiveness of a 6-week biofeedback gait retraining programme in people with knee osteoarthritis: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Gait retraining is a common therapeutic intervention that can alter gait characteristics to reduce knee loading in knee osteoarthritis populations. It can be enhanced when combined with biofeedback that provides real-time information about the users' gait, either directly (i.e.

Maize has an unexpected wild ancestor.

Genes from second wild grass may have helped propel its success-but scientists don't know how.

Methionine Restriction Impairs Degradation of a Protein that Aberrantly Engages the Endoplasmic Reticulum Translocon.

Proteins that persistently engage endoplasmic reticulum (ER) translocons are degraded by multiple translocon quality control (TQC) mechanisms. In , the model translocon-associated protein -Sec62 is subject to ER-associated degradation (ERAD) by the Hrd1 ubiquitin ligase and, to a lesser extent, proteolysis mediated by the Ste24 protease. In a recent screen, we identified nine methionine-biosynthetic genes as candidate TQC regulators.

Restricting use of Indigenous funerary photos splits society.

Journal policy aims to boost tribal ties, but critics fear loss of academic freedom.

Biochemical functions and structure of Caenorhabditis elegans ZK177.8 protein: Aicardi-Goutières syndrome SAMHD1 dNTPase ortholog.

Mutations in sterile alpha motif domain and histidine-aspartate domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) are found in a neurodevelopmental disorder, Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, and cancers, and SAMHD1, which is a deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) triphosphorylase, was identified as a myeloid-specific HIV-1 restriction factor. Here, we characterized the enzymology and structure of an SAMHD1 ortholog of Caenorhabditis elegans, ZK177.8, which also reportedly induces developmental defects upon gene knockdown.

The impact of sports participation on mental health and social outcomes in adults: a systematic review and the 'Mental Health through Sport' conceptual model.

Background: Sport is a subset of physical activity that can be particularly beneficial for short-and-long-term physical and mental health, and social outcomes in adults. This study presents the results of an updated systematic review of the mental health and social outcomes of community and elite-level sport participation for adults. The findings have informed the development of the 'Mental Health through Sport' conceptual model for adults.

Resilience and well-being among persons with spinal cord injury/disorders.

Purpose: We examined positive behavioral resources and characteristics that might distinguish resilient personality prototypes among persons with chronic spinal cord injury/disorder (SCID). Positive psychology variables with clear linkages to existing psychological interventions were examined as potential mediators of the resilience-well-being relationship. Research Method and Design: A cross-sectional, self-report study was conducted.

Corrigendum: A reversible cell penetrating peptide-cargo linkage allows dissection of cell penetrating peptide-and cargo- dependent effects on internalization and identifies new functionalities of putative endolytic peptides.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.

Archaeologists study what ruins meant to people in the past.

Mesoamerican sites offer insights into how ancient people viewed their own history.