Provider Perspectives on Contraceptive Care: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Contraceptive care is critical piece of quality sexual reproductive healthcare. Providers directly impact client experiences and clinical outcomes; it is important to understand how providers offer contraceptive care and the factors influencing this care. This systematic review summarizes recent research on providers, their perspectives, experiences, barriers, and facilitators to offering contraceptive counseling, education, and care.

Client Perspectives on Contraceptive Care: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Contraceptive care is an opportunity for providers to help clients achieve their reproductive health goals. Client-centeredness is a core element of quality care; however, evidence suggests that the provision of client-centered contraceptive counseling needs improvement. This systematic review summarizes recent evidence on client preferences related to contraceptive care, including how client-centered approaches inform outcomes.

Flexibility-tilt agreement best predicts shoulder balance following posterior spine fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: We propose a novel concept, called flexibility-tilt agreement (FTA), which could be applied intra-operatively to improve shoulder balance following posterior spine fusion for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS). We retrospectively applied this concept to a cohort with thoracic-only curves, seeking to: (1) evaluate the impact of FTA and other peri-operative variables on post-operative shoulder balance, and (2) evaluate deformity characteristics associated with achieving FTA.

Methods: A single-institution registry was queried for patients undergoing PSF from 2000 to 2017 with main thoracic and double thoracic curves with at least 2-year follow-up.

Effect of Cervicothoracic Junction LIV Selection on Posterior Cervical Fusion Mechanical Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: Systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: Analyze and summarize literature evaluating the role of C7, T1, and T2 lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) selection in posterior cervical fusion (PCF) and if this affects the progression of mechanical failure and revision surgery.

Summary Of Background Data: Literature evaluating mechanical failure and adjacent segment disease in the setting of PCF at or nearby the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) remains limited with studies reporting conflicting results.

L1-pelvic angle: a convenient measurement to attain optimal deformity correction.

Purpose: (1) Evaluate the associations between L1-pelvic angle (L1PA) and both sagittal vertical axis (SVA) and T1-pelvic angle (T1PA), and (2) assess the clinical impact of L1PA.

Methods: A single-institution retrospective cohort study was undertaken for patients undergoing adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery from 2013 to 2017. Ideal L1PA was defined as (0.

The importance of Hounsfield units in adult spinal deformity surgery: finding an optimal threshold to minimize the risk of mechanical complications.

Background: Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a well-established risk factor for mechanical complications following adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery. Hounsfield units (HU) measured on computed tomography (CT) scans are a proxy of BMD. In ASD surgery, we sought to: (I) evaluate the association of HU with mechanical complications and reoperation, and (II) identify optimal HU threshold to predict the occurrence of mechanical complications.

Clinical and radiographic outcomes following correction of idiopathic scoliosis in adolescence vs young adulthood.

Purpose: The natural history of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) has been well documented, but the impact of age at the time of surgical correction is relatively understudied. In this study, we matched patients undergoing surgical correction of adult idiopathic scoliosis (AdIS) with a cohort of AIS patients to compare: (1) coronal and sagittal radiographic correction, (2) operative variables, and (3) postoperative complications.

Methods: A single-institution scoliosis registry was queried for patients undergoing idiopathic scoliosis surgery from 2000-2017.

Efficacy and Safety of the Ultrasonic Bone Scalpel in Lumbar Laminectomies.

Introduction: Despite recent advances in applied instruments and surgical techniques, the incidence of iatrogenic durotomies caused by traditional techniques remains significant. The ultrasonic bone scalpel (UBS) has been shown to improve speed and reduce complications in laminectomies in the cervical and thoracic spine when compared to traditional methods utilizing high-speed burr, punch forceps, or rongeurs. Thus, in this study, we aim to evaluate whether the use of the UBS in the lumbar spine would result in equivalent safety, efficacy, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) improvement when compared to traditional methods of laminectomy.

Radiographic Parameters in Cervical Myelopathy: Review of Current Literature.

Study Design: This was a narrative review.

Objectives: Provide a comprehensive review of radiographic alignment parameters and their effect on procedure selection, surgical decision-making, and clinical outcomes for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).

Summary Of Background Data: The use of radiographic parameters to predict prognosis and surgical outcomes in patients with CSM is an evolving field given the complex presentation of patients with this condition.

Outcomes Following Direct Versus Indirect Decompression Techniques for Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: A Propensity-Matched Analysis.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Objective: The aim was to compare outcomes at 3 and 12 months for patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis treated with direct decompression (DD) versus indirect decompression (ID) techniques.

Summary Of Background Data: Debate persists regarding the optimal surgical strategy to treat lumbar spondylolisthesis.

Sacral Insufficiency Fractures.

»: Primary osteoporosis is the most common cause of sacral insufficiency fractures (SIFs). Therefore, a multidisciplinary team approach is necessary for treatment of the fracture and the underlying biologic pathology, as well as prevention of future fragility fractures.

»: The presentation of SIFs typically includes lower back or buttock pain after a ground-level fall or without an identified trauma.

Thoracolumbar Spine Trauma.

Thoracolumbar spine trauma can result in potentially life-threatening consequences and requires careful management to ensure good outcomes. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the anatomy, diagnostic tools, non-operative, and operative treatments important when addressing thoracolumbar trauma.

Estrous cyclicity and reproductive success are unaffected by translocation for the formation of new reproductive pairs in captive red wolves (Canis rufus).

This study investigated possible female-related causes for inconsistent success among reproductive pairs in the zoo-based red wolf (Canis rufus) population. Females (n = 13) at seven institutions were assessed for evidence of ovulation and normal reproductive cycles through the measurement of estradiol and progesterone metabolite excretion in feces. Fecal cortisol metabolites (FCM) were also measured.

Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes in Patients with Medicare, Medicare Advantage, and Commercial Insurance.

As more commercial insurance companies adopt a bundled reimbursement model, similar to the Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) algorithm for Medicare beneficiaries, accurate risk adjustment of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is critical to ensure success. With this movement toward bundled reimbursement, it is unknown if a formula adjusting for similar risks in the Medicare population could be applied to PROs in commercially insured and Medicare Advantage populations undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study was performed to compare PROs after TKA in these insurance groups after adjusting for proposed risks.

Rediscovery of Red Wolf Ghost Alleles in a Canid Population Along the American Gulf Coast.

Rediscovering species once thought to be extinct or on the edge of extinction is rare. Red wolves have been extinct along the American Gulf Coast since 1980, with their last populations found in coastal Louisiana and Texas. We report the rediscovery of red wolf ghost alleles in a canid population on Galveston Island, Texas.

Red wolf (Canis rufus) sperm quality and quantity is affected by semen collection method, extender components, and post-thaw holding temperature.

Cryopreserving genetic resources is becoming increasingly important for species management. In the zoo-based red wolf (Canis rufus) population, inbreeding continues to increase in the absence of new founders. Through banking sperm, we preserve genetic diversity and create the ability to decrease inbreeding accumulation in the future.

Ultrasonographic characteristics of the reproductive tract and serum progesterone and estradiol concentrations in captive female red wolves (Canis rufus) with and without reproductive tract disease.

OBJECTIVE To describe ultrasonographic characteristics of the reproductive tract and serum progesterone and estradiol concentrations in captive female red wolves (Canis rufus) with and without reproductive tract disease. DESIGN Prospective study. ANIMALS 13 adult female red wolves.

Investigation of captive red wolf ejaculate characteristics in relation to age and inbreeding.

An evaluation of a large database of red wolf fresh ejaculate characteristics (n = 427 ejaculates from 64 wolves) was undertaken to increase knowledge of seminal characteristics in the red wolf and evaluate possible relationships between inbreeding, age, and seminal quality. Phase microscopy analysis of electroejaculates collected over 14 natural breeding seasons was compared with animal ages and inbreeding coefficients. Ejaculate volume increased and sperm concentration and total count decreased as wolves aged (P < 0.

A SURVEY OF DISEASES IN CAPTIVE RED WOLVES (CANIS RUFUS), 1997-2012.

Conservation efforts to preserve the red wolf (Canis rufus) have been in progress since the 1970s through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Red Wolf Recovery Program and the Association of Zoos and Aquarium's Red Wolf Species Survival Plan.

Comparison of Ocular Radiation Exposure Utilizing Three Types of Leaded Glasses.

Study Design: Anthropomorphic phantoms were used to measure radiation exposure to the surgeon phantom's eye. Groups analyzed were: Group 1-no glasses (None); Group 2-leaded lenses without lead sides (WOLS); Group 3-leaded lenses with lead sides (WLS); and Group 4-sport wraparound leaded glasses (Sport). Glasses were 0.

Infectious disease and red wolf conservation: assessment of disease occurrence and associated risks.

Infectious diseases pose a significant threat to global biodiversity and may contribute to extinction. As such, establishing baseline disease prevalence in vulnerable species where disease could affect persistence is important to conservation. We assessed potential disease threats to endangered red wolves () by evaluating regional (southeastern United States) disease occurrences in mammals and parasite prevalence in red wolves and sympatric coyotes () in North Carolina.

Duration of immunity in red wolves (Canis rufus) following vaccination with a modified live parvovirus and canine distemper vaccine.

There is growing information available regarding duration of immunity for core vaccines in both domestic and nondomestic species. Vaccination protocols in nondomestic canids have frequently followed guidelines developed for the domestic dog; however, these protocols can be inappropriate for nondomestic canids such as the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus), leaving some animals susceptible to infectious disease and others at risk for contracting vaccine-induced disease. In this study, red wolves (Canis rufus) were vaccinated against canine distemper virus (CDV) and canine parvovirus (CPV) and vaccination titers were followed annually for 3 yr.

Comparison of Efficacy and Tolerability of Hylan G-F 20 in Patients with and without Effusions at the Time of Initial Injection.

An effusion at the onset of viscosupplementation has been thought to diminish the efficacy and increase adverse event rates. This study compares efficacy of hylan G-F 20 in patients with and without an effusion. Patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) received three weekly injections of hylan G-F 20.