A ROS-responsive hydrogel that targets inflamed mucosa to relieve ulcerative colitis by reversing intestinal mucosal barrier loss.

Intestinal mucosal barrier loss is responsible for the chronic and recurrent ulcerative colitis. Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) is a potential therapeutic target of the intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction. Here, we developed a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive hydrogel (ATG-CS-Gel) derived from a diselenide-bridged arctigenin (ATG) and chitosan (CS) conjugate, with the aims of targeting to inflamed mucosa and modulating MLCK.

Simulation, prediction and optimization for synthesis and heavy metals adsorption of schwertmannite by machine learning.

Due to its sea urchin-like structure, Schwertmannite is commonly applied for heavy metals (HMs) pollutant adsorption. The adsorption influence parameters of Schwertmannite are numerous, the traditional experimental enumeration is powerless. In recent years, machine learning (ML) has been gradually employed for adsorbent materials, but there is no comprehensive research on the Schwertmannite adsorbent.

Blue light-induced MiBBX24 and MiBBX27 simultaneously promote peel anthocyanin and flesh carotenoid biosynthesis in mango.

Blue light simultaneously enhances anthocyanin and carotenoid biosynthesis in mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit peel and flesh, respectively, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, two blue light-triggered zinc-finger transcription factors, MiBBX24 and MiBBX27, that positively regulate anthocyanin and carotenoid biosynthesis in mango fruit were identified.

Recycling various wastes as substrates in constructed wetlands: A review on enhancing contaminants removal and potential risks.

Under the perspectives of circular economy, coupling waste management and environmental engineering to foster sustainable pollution control solutions has gained particular attention. Particularly in constructed wetlands (CWs) as a nature-based solution, recycling various wastes as substrates for enhancing the removal of various pollutants have become a recent hotspot in recent years. In this review, physicochemical properties, enhanced removal performance and mechanism of various pollutants, and potential risks of waste-derived substrates including industrial and municipal wastes, agricultural by-products, and waste synthetic substrates were summarized comprehensively.

The probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum alleviates colitis by modulating gut microflora to activate PPARγ and inhibit MAPKs/NF-κB.

Purpose: In order to address the global public health concern of colitis, this study was conducted to investigate the beneficial effect of Lactobacillus plantarum LR002 (LR) on the remission of ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice and to explore the possible underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The effect of LR on UC was analyzed by using dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC model in mice (n = 9). To assess the therapeutic effect of LR on UC in mice, the disease activity index (DAI) of mice, histopathological alterations, intestinal epithelial barrier integrity, and intestinal microflora were determined.

An historical overview of artificial intelligence for diagnosis of major depressive disorder.

The Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology holds immense potential in the realm of automated diagnosis for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), yet it is not without potential shortcomings. This paper systematically reviews the research progresses of integrating AI technology with depression diagnosis and provides a comprehensive analysis of existing research findings. In this context, we observe that the knowledge-driven first-generation of depression diagnosis methods could only address deterministic issues in structured information, with the selection of depression-related features directly influencing identification outcomes.

Striking Departures from Polygenic Architecture in the Tails of Complex Traits.

Understanding the genetic architecture of human traits is of key biological, medical and evolutionary importance. Despite much progress, little is known about how genetic architecture varies across the trait continuum and, in particular, if it differs in the tails of complex traits, where disease often occurs. Here, applying a novel approach based on polygenic scores, we reveal striking departures from polygenic architecture across 148 quantitative trait tails, consistent with distinct concentrations of high-impact rare alleles in one or both tails of most of the traits.

Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Mechanistic Insights of Rubrolide Analogues as Antitumor Agents.

Marine natural products and their analogues have as of now been acknowledged as an important source of bioactive molecules for the treatment of cancer. Rubrolides, a unique group of -butenolides derived from marine microorganisms, have shown strong cytotoxic activity against various tumor cells. In this study, we synthesized and characterized 21 rubrolide analogues (including 16 new compounds) and investigated their antitumor activities in order to screen more active molecules and elucidate their mechanism of action.

A ketogenic diet alleviates the apoptosis of granulosa cells by inhibiting the activation of cGAS-STING signaling pathway in PCOS mice.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility. The ketogenic diet (KD), a diet high in fat and low in carbohydrates, has been applied clinically for the treatment of obese women with PCOS. We have previously demonstrated that KD improved the reproductive phenotype in an androgen-induced PCOS mouse model, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear.

High-Density Dual Atoms Pairs Coupling for Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers.

Dual atoms (DAs), characterized by flexible structural tunability and high atomic utilization, hold significant promise for atom-level coordination engineering. However, the rational design with high-density heterogeneous DAs pairs to promote electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance remains a challenge. In this study, high-density Ni─Cu pairs coupled DAs absorbers are precisely constructed on a nitrogen-rich carbon substrate, achieving an impressive metal loading amount of 4.

Interwoven Porous Pristine Cobalt-Based Metal-Organic Framework as an Efficient Photocatalyst for CO Reduction.

As a desired utilization of the conversion of CO into valuable carbon fuel production under solar energy, it remains challenging due to the lack of efficient catalysts. Herein, a 3D interpenetrating metal-organic framework of [Co(Tipa)(HCOO)(HO)]·HO (Co-Tipa) with 1D open channel is solvothermally synthesized using a semi-flexible ligand (Tipa = tri-(4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-phenyl)amine). The tridentate bridge ligand-oriented periodicity Co-Tipa MOF is combined with ruthenium-based photosensitizers under mild reaction conditions to form an efficient nonhomogeneous co-catalyst for photocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR).

Triage performance of DNA methylation for women with high-risk human papillomavirus infection.

Objective: DNA methylation is a promising biomarker for cervical cancer screening. This study aimed to validate the triage performance of cytological DNA methylation for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 3 or worse (CIN3+) in women with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection from a large prospective cohort undergoing opportunistic screening in China (METHY3).

Methods: The triage performance for detecting CIN3+ lesions was compared between HPV16/18 genotyping, a liquid-based cytology (LBC) test, and the PAX1 and JAM3 methylation (PAX1m/JAM3m) test according to cervical pathologic outcomes.

Fabrication of corn starch-based composite films functionalized by Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit pomace via extrusion compression molding for active food packaging.

In this study, various levels (0 %-30 % w/w, based on corn starch) of Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit pomace (RRTP) were used as antioxidant fillers to develop corn starch (CS)-based bioactive films via the extrusion compression molding technique. The results showed that incorporating RRTP into CS could remarkably improve the barrier, mechanical and antioxidant properties of the films compared to pure CS film. In particular, the composite film containing 30 % RRTP had the lowest water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability of 2.

Gelation improvement of low-salt Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) surimi gel by L-arginine.

In this study, the effect of L-arginine (L-Arg) on the gel properties of low-salt (NaCl, 0.5 % w/w) Chinese shrimp surimi gel (SSG) was investigated and the mechanism was explored. As the L-Arg concentration was raised from 0 to 0.

Broadband spectral tuning and multi-molecular detection in a BaGaSe optical parametric amplifier.

Broadband spectral tuning of long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) femtosecond lasers without rotating nonlinear crystals has special usefulness in applications of nonlinear integrated photonics and microscopic ultrafast dynamics studies with stringent requirements on beam pointing. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, a temperature-tuning LWIR femtosecond optical parametric amplifier (OPA), based on a BaGaSe (BGSe) crystal. Broadband spectral tunability from 8.

6.7-8.1 µm tunable single-frequency difference frequency generation in ZGP for high-resolution spectroscopy.

Difference frequency generation (DFG) based tunable single-frequency mid-infrared (MIR) light sources are desirable for high-resolution spectroscopy, sensing, and imaging. In this work, we demonstrate a continuous-wave (CW) single-frequency DFG in a ZnGeP (ZGP) crystal driven by all-fiber near-infrared (NIR) fiber lasers, for the first time to our knowledge. The all-fiber NIR laser sources consist of a 1.

Carbon-Coated Coaxial Cable-like ZnO@SiO@C for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anode Materials.

The practical applications of SiO anode material are limited by large volume changes and poor electronic conductivity. To reduce the effects of these problems, a carbon-coated coaxial cable-like ZnO@SiO@C composite material was prepared. ZnO has a certian electronic conductivity and an electrochemical activity, and the carbon layer can alleviate the volume variation of SiO, effectively improving the electronic conductivity and structural stability.

Assessment of rehabilitation treatment for patients with acute poisoning-induced toxic encephalopathy.

Background: Poisoned patients often suffer damage to multiple systems, and those experiencing central nervous system disorders present more severe conditions, prolonged hospital stays, and increased mortality rates. We aimed to assess the efficacy of rehabilitation interventions for patients with toxic encephalopathy.

Methods: This retrospective, observational, comparative cohort study was performed at the teaching hospital affiliated of Nanjing Medical University, from October 2020 to December 2022.