Ischemia-induced endogenous Nrf2/HO-1 axis activation modulates microglial polarization and restrains ischemic brain injury.

Cerebral ischemic stroke accounts for more than 80% of all stroke cases. During cerebral ischemia, reactive oxygen species produced in the ischemic brain induce oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Nrf2 is a transcription factor responsible for regulating cellular redox balance through the induction of protective antioxidant and phase II detoxification responses.

Development of the control system for electron cyclotron resonance heating on J-TEXT tokamak.

A 105 GHz/500 kW/1 s electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) system has been developed on J-TEXT tokamak since 2017. The core component of the ECRH system is a gyrotron manufactured by Gyrotron Complexes Ltd. (GYCOM Ltd.

Recuperative herbal formula Jing Si maintains vasculature permeability balance, regulates inflammation and assuages concomitants of "Long-Covid".

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a worldwide health threat that has long-term effects on the patients and there is currently no efficient cure prescribed for the treatment and the prolonging effects. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been reported to exert therapeutic effect against COVID-19. In this study, the therapeutic effects of Jing Si herbal tea (JSHT) against COVID-19 infection and associated long-term effects were evaluated in different in vitro and in vivo models.

Interferon-β modulates microglial polarization to ameliorate delayed tPA-exacerbated brain injury in ischemic stroke.

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only FDA-approved drug for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Delayed tPA administration is associated with increased risks of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and hemorrhagic transformation. Studies have shown that interferon beta (IFNβ) or type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1) signaling confers protection against ischemic stroke in preclinical models.

Copper-Catalyzed C(sp)-H Bond Hydrazidation.

A catalytic, direct synthetic strategy for preparing ynehydrazides with terminal alkynes and dialkyl azodicarboxylates is described. The protocol utilizes a cheap copper catalyst in combination with a catalytic amount of a weak base. The high sustainability, good practicality, broad substrate scope, and wide functional group tolerance comprised the advantages of this reaction.

A flexible and stretchable photonic crystal film with sensitive structural color-changing properties for spoiled milk detection.

This study proposes a flexible and stretchable 3D polymer film with photonic crystals for the visible detection of spoiled milk. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was used as the substrate for the photonic crystal structure. The back barrier layer with a regular array of nanohemispheres of anodic aluminum oxide film was used as a template for electroforming a nickel mold.

Development of a Visual Perception System on a Dual-Arm Mobile Robot for Human-Robot Interaction.

This paper presents the development of a visual-perception system on a dual-arm mobile robot for human-robot interaction. This visual system integrates three subsystems. Hand gesture recognition is utilized to trigger human-robot interaction.

Estimating the impact of drug addiction causes heart damage.

To date, few studies have investigated the toxicological effects of the combined use of amphetamine and heroin in the heart. Hence, the aim of this study was to identify indicators for clinical evaluation and prevention of cardiac injury induced by the combined use of amphetamine and heroin. Four different groups were analyzed: (1) normal group (＝25；average age＝35 ± 6.

4-Ethylguaiacol Modulates Neuroinflammation and Promotes Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression to Ameliorate Brain Injury in Ischemic Stroke.

Ischemic stroke is caused by a sudden reduction in cerebral blood flow that subsequently induces a complex cascade of pathophysiological responses, leading to brain inflammation and irreversible infarction. 4-ethylguaiacol (4-EG) is reported to suppress inflammatory immune responses. However, whether 4-EG exerts anti-inflammatory effects in ischemic stroke remains unexplored.

Immunoresponsive gene 1 modulates the severity of brain injury in cerebral ischaemia.

Inflammatory stimuli induce immunoresponsive gene 1 expression that in turn catalyses the production of itaconate through diverting -aconitate away from the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The immunoregulatory effect of the immunoresponsive gene 1/itaconate axis has been recently documented in lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse and human macrophages. In addition, dimethyl itaconate, an itaconate derivative, was reported to ameliorate disease severity in the animal models of psoriasis and multiple sclerosis.

Erector Spinae Plane Block Similar to Paravertebral Block for Perioperative Pain Control in Breast Surgery: A Meta-Analysis Study.

Background: Erector spinae plane block could be a potential alternative to paravertebral block or other analgesic techniques for breast surgery, but the current evidence on erector spinae plane block in breast surgery is conflicting.

Objective: To compare the analgesic effectiveness between erector spinae plane block, systemic analgesic, and paravertebral block for breast surgery.

Study Design: Meta-analysis.

4-Ethylguaiacol modulates neuroinflammation and Th1/Th17 differentiation to ameliorate disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive autoimmune disease characterized by the accumulation of pathogenic inflammatory immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that subsequently causes focal inflammation, demyelination, axonal injury, and neuronal damage. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a well-established murine model that mimics the key features of MS. Presently, the dietary consumption of foods rich in phenols has been reported to offer numerous health benefits, including anti-inflammatory activity.

PPARγ activation improves the microenvironment of perivascular adipose tissue and attenuates aortic stiffening in obesity.

Background: Obesity-related cardiovascular risk, end points, and mortality are strongly related to arterial stiffening. Current therapeutic approaches for arterial stiffening are not focused on direct targeting within the vessel. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) surrounding the artery has been shown to modulate vascular function and inflammation.

PCDH10 exerts tumor-suppressor functions through modulation of EGFR/AKT axis in colorectal cancer.

Protocadherin 10 (PCDH10) is identified as a tumor suppressor in multiple cancers. The molecular mechanisms that mediate the functions of PCDH10 have yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrated that ectopic expression of PCDH10 in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells induced cell cycle retardation and increased apoptosis through regulation of the p53/p21/Rb axis and Bcl-2 expression.

Interferon-β alleviates delayed tPA-induced adverse effects via modulation of MMP3/9 production in ischemic stroke.

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug for ischemic stroke. However, delayed tPA administration is associated with increased risk of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and hemorrhagic transformation (HT). Interferon-β (IFNβ), an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, is a cytokine with immunomodulatory properties.

Dimethyl itaconate, an itaconate derivative, exhibits immunomodulatory effects on neuroinflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Background: Inflammatory stimuli induce immunoresponsive gene 1 (IRG1) expression that in turn catalyzes the production of itaconate from the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Itaconate has recently emerged as a regulator of immune cell functions, especially in macrophages. Studies show that itaconate is required for the activation of anti-inflammatory transcription factor Nrf2 by LPS in mouse and human macrophages, and LPS-activated IRG1 macrophages that lack endogenous itaconate production exhibit augmented inflammatory responses.

Loss of EGR-1 uncouples compensatory responses of pancreatic β cells.

: Subjects unable to sustain β-cell compensation develop type 2 diabetes. Early growth response-1 protein (EGR-1), implicated in the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, is induced by diverse metabolic challenges, such as glucose or other nutrients. Therefore, we hypothesized that deficiency of EGR-1 might influence β-cell compensation in response to metabolic overload.

Projecting the Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease in a Developed Country and Its Implications on Public Health.

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide. There is limited literature on a model to project the number of people with CKD. This study projects the number of residents with CKD in Singapore by 2035 using a Markov model.

The human blood DNA methylome identifies crucial role of β-catenin in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a type of acute febrile vasculitis syndrome and is the most frequent cause of cardiac illness in children under the age of five years old. Although the etiology of KD remains largely unknown, some recent genome-wide studies have indicated that epigenetic factors may be important in its pathogenesis. We enrolled 24 KD patients and 24 non-KD controls in this study to access their DNA methylation status using HumanMethylation450 BeadChips.

Celecoxib enhances the therapeutic efficacy of epirubicin for Novikoff hepatoma in rats.

Epirubicin is a chemotherapy agent for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the outcome of HCC patients receiving epirubicin remains unsatisfactory. Moreover, our previous study indicated that celecoxib suppresses HCC progression and liver cancer stemness.

Cell surface expression of nucleolin mediates the antiangiogenic and antitumor activities of kallistatin.

Kallistatin is a unique serine proteinase inhibitor and heparin-binding protein. A previous study conducted by our group indicated that kallistatin has antiangiogenic and antitumoral activities. In the present study, we report that kallistatin specifically binds to membrane surface-expressed nucleolin with high affinity.

MicroRNA-29a Counteracts Synovitis in Knee Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis by Targeting VEGF.

Synovitis contributes to the development of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. MicroRNAs regulate joint microenvironment homeostasis and deterioration. This study was undertaken to characterize the actions of microRNA-29a (miR-29a) to synovial remodeling in OA joints.

Histone demethylase UTX counteracts glucocorticoid deregulation of osteogenesis by modulating histone-dependent and -independent pathways.

Unlabelled: Excess glucocorticoid administration impairs osteogenic activities, which raises the risk of osteoporotic disorders. Epigenetic methylation of DNA and histone regulates the lineage commitment of progenitor cells. This study was undertaken to delineate the actions of histone lysine demethylase 6a (UTX) with regard to the glucocorticoid impediment of osteogenic differentiation.