Exploring the Roles of Trust, Attitudes, and Motivations in COVID-19 Decision-Making and Vaccination Likelihood: Insights from the Louisiana Community Engagement Alliance (LA-CEAL) Community-Academic-Public Health-Practice (CAPP) Partnership.

Given the increasing integration of trusted leaders in public health science, including vaccination programs, context-specific understandings of community perceptions and levels of trust are critical to intervention. This study aimed to understand the perspectives and attitudes of the southeastern Louisiana community and inform the development of a community-engaged action plan. A cross-sectional survey of 555 southeastern Louisianans-including faith-based organization (FBO) members, community pharmacy (CommRx) customers, community-based organization (CBO) contacts, and Louisiana community-dwelling residents-was conducted from November 2020 to March 2021.

The Role of Race/Ethnicity on the Association between Neighborhood Deprivation and Breast Cancer Outcomes among Kentucky Breast Cancer Patients years 2010-2022.

Background: Kentucky is within the top five leading states for breast mortality nationwide. This study investigates the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and breast cancer outcomes, including surgical treatment, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and survival, and how associations vary by race and ethnicity in Kentucky.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using data from the Kentucky Cancer Registry (KCR) for breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2017, with follow-up through December 31, 2022.

The moderating effect of recent positive and negative life events on the impact of early life stress on mental wellbeing and distress.

Early life stress (ELS) significantly influences mental health in later stages of life. Yet it is unclear whether recent life events lessen or intensify the effects of ELS on present wellbeing and distress. We addressed this question in 1064 healthy community adults with a normative range of wellbeing and distress.

Gene therapy ameliorates bowel dysmotility and enteric neuron degeneration and extends survival in lysosomal storage disorder mouse models.

Children with neurodegenerative disease often have debilitating gastrointestinal symptoms. We hypothesized that this may be due at least in part to underappreciated degeneration of neurons in the enteric nervous system (ENS), the master regulator of bowel function. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated mouse models of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 1 and 2 (CLN1 and CLN2 disease, respectively), neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders caused by deficiencies in palmitoyl protein thioesterase-1 and tripeptidyl peptidase-1, respectively.

R2DT: A COMPREHENSIVE PLATFORM FOR VISUALISING RNA SECONDARY STRUCTURE.

RNA secondary (2D) structure visualisation is an essential tool for understanding RNA function. R2DT is a software package designed to visualise RNA 2D structures in consistent, recognisable, and reproducible layouts. The latest release, R2DT 2.

Theories of mind and trauma after war in Uganda.

After years of armed conflict in northern Uganda, many local people have turned to Evangelical churches for help with healing and recovery. We observe that the healing practices in these churches encourage particular notions of what the mind is, how the mind works and whether it is bounded or porous to the outside world. In the traditional cultural setting in which these people grew to adulthood, many accept that vengeance can attack supernaturally from without.

Knock-in Rabbit Model of Long QT Syndrome Type-2, Epilepsy, and Sudden Death.

Background: Long QT Syndrome Type-2 (LQT2) is due to loss-of-function variants. encodes K 11.1 that forms a delayed-rectifier potassium channel in the brain and heart.

Physicians-in-training and advanced practice providers perceptions in managing perioperative obstructive sleep apnea: a multi-institutional survey.

Study Objectives: Physicians-in-training (residents, fellows) and Advanced Practice Providers (APPs) receive limited education on sleep disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). They often assess patients first. We aimed to understand their views on OSA and screening for OSA in the perioperative period.

Inclined distance running at iso-efficient speeds: Effect on joint work.

Runners often reduce their pace during inclined running to maintain a constant metabolic workload, known as iso-efficiency speed (a speed-incline combination with the same metabolic intensity as level running). This study investigates changes in lower extremity (LE) joint work profiles when running on an incline at iso-efficiency speed. Eleven collegiate distance runners completed a treadmill running task under three conditions (0%, 4%, and 8% incline).

Role of species in pathogenesis, immune regulation, and prognostic tools for managing ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

The gut microbiome plays a key role in the pathogenesis and disease activity of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While research has focused on the bacterial microbiome, recent studies have shifted towards host genetics and host-fungal interactions. The mycobiota is a vital component of the gastrointestinal microbial community and plays a significant role in immune regulation.

Racial Disparities in Perioperative Outcomes for Patients With Head and Neck Cancer.

Objective: To characterize the perioperative complications after ablative and reconstructive surgery in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) based on race.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of the 2015-2020 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database. We compared the perioperative outcomes between White, Asian, Black, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, and American Indian or Alaskan Native patients with bivariate analysis.

Cervical ripening at home or in hospital during induction of labour: the CHOICE prospective cohort study, process evaluation and economic analysis.

Background: Around one in three pregnant women undergoes induction of labour in the United Kingdom, usually preceded by in-hospital cervical ripening to soften and open the cervix.

Objectives: This study set out to determine whether cervical ripening at home is within an acceptable safety margin of cervical ripening in hospital, is effective, acceptable and cost-effective from both National Health Service and service user perspectives.

Design: The CHOICE study comprised a prospective multicentre observational cohort study using routinely collected data (CHOICE cohort), a process evaluation comprising a survey and nested case studies (qCHOICE) and a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Association of Cancer Risk Perception and Patient-provider Communication with Pap Test Among African American and Sub-Saharan African-born Women.

Black women bear a disproportionately higher burden of cervical cancer than any ethnic/racial group. Patient's cancer risk perceptions and patient-provider communication behavior may influence uptake of cervical cancer screening with Papanicolaou (Pap) test. We examined the association of cancer risk perceptions and patient-provider communication behavior and Pap test uptake.

Review of Emotion Regulation in Late Life Mood Disorders.

Emotion regulation (ER), or the ability to modulate the experience and expression of emotion, is critical to adaptive functioning and is a key feature of mood disorders. At the same time, normal aging is associated with changes in ER, though the interaction of aging with the presence of a mood disorder are unclear. Here, we review what is known about ER and its underlying neural mechanisms in late life mood disorders, specifically late life depression and bipolar disorder.

Sex Differences in Ependymoma Methylation by Methylation-Defined Subgroup.

Ependymoma is the second most common malignant paediatric brain tumour composed of nine methylation-defined, clinically relevant subgroups. It is unclear if there are sex differences in methylation profiles within these subgroups which could guide future treatment options. We obtained available methylation data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).

High KIR diversity in Uganda and Botswana children living with HIV.

Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (s) are essential components of the innate immune system found on the surfaces of natural killer (NK) cells. The s encoding genes are located on chromosome 19q13.4 and are genetically diverse across populations.

Prevalence and treatment of perinatal anxiety: diagnostic interview study.

Background: Anxiety affects around one in five women during pregnancy and after birth. However, there is no systematic information on the proportion of women with perinatal anxiety disorders who want or receive treatment.

Aims: To examine (a) the prevalence of anxiety disorders during pregnancy and after birth in a population-based sample, and (b) the proportion of women with anxiety disorders who want treatment and receive treatment.

Preservation of coagulation function by normothermic machine perfusion in liver transplant as evidenced by thromboelastography parameters.

The use of normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) over static cold storage in liver transplantation has been shown to reduce posttransplant risks of early allograft dysfunction, primary nonfunction, and ischemic cholangiopathy, and its increasing use has played a role in the expanded utilization of marginal livers. While studies have demonstrated improved clinical outcomes using NMP over static cold storage preservation, real-time intraoperative data reflecting the quality and viability of NMP livers is limited. This retrospective, single-center study compared NMP versus static cold storage livers in first-time recipients of liver transplants through the evaluation of synthetic coagulation function as measured by thromboelastography and conventional coagulation testing.

Investigation into nurses' emotion regulation while causing pain to adult patients during burns dressing changes: a qualitative study.

Background: Burns can cause patients significant pain at the time of injury and during subsequent treatment. Other people's pain often elicits empathic responses in observers. However, effective emotion regulation strategies are needed to manage personal distress, which may otherwise inhibit helping behaviour.