Risk Factors and Outcomes Associated with Gaps in Care in Children with Congenital Heart Disease.

Adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) benefit from cardiology follow-up at recommended intervals of ≤ 2 years. However, benefit for children is less clear given limited studies and unclear current guidelines. We hypothesize there are identifiable risks for gaps in cardiology follow-up in children with CHD and that gaps in follow-up are associated with differences in healthcare utilization.

Antibacterial efficacy, mode of action, and safety of a novel nano-antibiotic against antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli strains.

Globally rising antibiotic-resistant (AR) and multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are of public health concern due to treatment failure with current antibiotics. Enterobacteria, particularly Escherichia coli, cause infections of surgical wound, bloodstream, and urinary tract, including pneumonia and sepsis. Herein, we tested in vitro antibacterial efficacy, mode of action (MoA), and safety of novel amino-functionalized silver nanoparticles (NH-AgNP) against the AR bacteria.

Dexmedetomidine prevents spatial learning and memory impairment induced by chronic REM sleep deprivation in rats.

Unlabelled: The study was attempted to investigate the effect on and mechanisms of action of dexmedetomidine with regard to learning and memory impairment in rats with chronic rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation. A total of 50 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups. Modified multiple platform method was conducted to cause the sleep deprivation of rats.

Transkingdom Network Analysis (TkNA): a systems framework for inferring causal factors underlying host-microbiota and other multi-omic interactions.

We present Transkingdom Network Analysis (TkNA), a unique causal-inference analytical framework that offers a holistic view of biological systems by integrating data from multiple cohorts and diverse omics types. TkNA helps to decipher key players and mechanisms governing host-microbiota (or any multi-omic data) interactions in specific conditions or diseases. TkNA reconstructs a network that represents a statistical model capturing the complex relationships between different omics in the biological system.

Investigating the impact of developmental coordination difficulties across home, school, and community settings: Findings from the Australian Impact for DCD survey.

Aim: To evaluate the participation difficulties experienced by children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in home, school, and community environments.

Methods: The Impact for DCD survey was completed by primary caregivers of 4-18-year-old children with DCD (or synonymous diagnosis) (n = 429).

Outcomes And Results: The greatest participation difficulties experienced at home included dressing, eating with utensils, self-care tasks and drawing/writing reported by over 70% of families.

The evolving value assessment of cancer therapies: Results from a modified Delphi study.

The move toward early detection and treatment of cancer presents challenges for value assessment using traditional endpoints. Current cancer management rarely considers the full economic and societal benefits of therapies. Our study used a modified Delphi process to develop principles for defining and assessing value of cancer therapies that aligns with the current trajectory of oncology research and reflects broader notions of value.

Failure rates of nonoperative management of low-grade splenic injuries with active extravasation: an Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma multicenter study.

Objectives: There is little evidence guiding the management of grade I-II traumatic splenic injuries with contrast blush (CB). We aimed to analyze the failure rate of nonoperative management (NOM) of grade I-II splenic injuries with CB in hemodynamically stable patients.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study examining all grade I-II splenic injuries with CB was performed at 21 institutions from January 1, 2014, to October 31, 2019.

A novel isoform associated with multiple sclerosis lesions induces P-body formation.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Current therapies primarily target the inflammatory component of the disease and are highly effective in early stages of MS while limited therapies have an effect in the more chronic progressive stages of MS where resident glia have a larger role. MS lesions tend to be inflammatory even after the initial peripheral immune cell invasion has subsided and this inflammation is known to cause alternative splicing events.

Modification of Superabsorbent Polymer Granules and Fibers for Antimicrobial Efficacy and Malodor Control.

Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) granules, typically used in personal care devices such as diapers, incontinence devices, hygiene pads, and wound dressings, and granular particles of zeolite and bentonite were each subjected to modification by exposure to solutions of 1-chloro-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-4-imidazolidinone (MC) in ethanol at room temperature. The air-dried granules showed newly acquired properties attributable to the presence of active chlorine (Cl). The treated particles effectively oxidized the malodorant 3-mercapto-3-methylbutanol (3M3MB).

Methods to Include Environmental Impacts in Health Economic Evaluations and Health Technology Assessments: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: The environmental impacts of healthcare are important factors that should be considered during health technology assessments. This study aims to summarize the evidence that exists about methods to include environmental impacts in health economic evaluations and health technology assessments.

Methods: We identified records for screening using an existing scoping review and a systematic search of academic databases and gray literature up to September 2023.

Mortality in hypotensive combat casualties who require emergent laparotomy in the forward deployed environment.

Introduction: Mortality rates among hypotensive civilian patients requiring emergent laparotomy exceed 40%. Damage control (DCR) principles were incorporated into the military's Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) in 2008. We examined combat casualties requiring emergent laparotomy to characterize how mortality rates compare to hypotensive civilian trauma patients.

Editorial: The Relationship Between Internalized Racism and Mental Health Symptoms in Black Adolescents.

Since the 1890s, scholars such as W.E.B.

Evaluating the efficacy of the selective orexin 1 receptor antagonist nivasorexant in an animal model of binge-eating disorder.

Objective: Test the efficacy of the selective orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) antagonist (SO1RA) nivasorexant in an animal model of binge-eating disorder (BED) and study its dose-response relationship considering free brain concentrations and calculated OX1R occupancy. Compare nivasorexant's profile to that of other, structurally diverse SO1RAs. Gain understanding of potential changes in orexin-A (OXA) neuropeptide and deltaFosB (ΔFosB) protein expression possibly underlying the development of the binge-eating phenotype in the rat model used.

Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study.

Introduction: COVID-19 has caused severe disruption to clinical services in Bangladesh but the extent of this, and the impact on healthcare professionals is unclear. We aimed to assess the perceived levels of anxiety, depression and burnout among doctors and nurses during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We undertook an online survey using RedCap, directed at doctors and nurses across four institutions in Bangladesh (The Sheikh Russel Gastro Liver Institute & Hospital (SRNGIH), Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Mugda Medical College Hospital (MMCH) and M Abdur Rahim Medical College (MARMC) Hospital).

The COVID-19 ambulance response assessment (CARA) study: a national survey of ambulance service healthcare professionals' preparedness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic placed significant demand on the NHS, including ambulance services, but it is unclear how this affected ambulance service staff and paramedics in other clinical settings (e.g. urgent and primary care, armed services, prisons).

Diffuse myocardial fibrosis is uncommon in people with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of death in people living with HIV. Myocardial fibrosis is well-described in HIV infection acquired in adulthood. We evaluate the burden of fibrosis by cardiac magnetic resonance in people with perinatal HIV infection.

Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Aldosterone: Interaction Between NR3C2 Genetic Variants, Sex, and Age in a Mixed Cohort.

Context: Hypertension, a prevalent cardiovascular risk, often involves dysregulated aldosterone and its interaction with the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Experimental designs in animal models and human cohorts have demonstrated a sex and age dependency of aldosterone secretion that expands our pathophysiologic understanding.

Objective: This study explores the genetic variation of NR3C2, which encodes MR, in relation to aldosterone, considering age, sex, and race.

Can a Purposeful Walk Intervention with a Distance Goal Using an Activity Monitor Improve Individuals' Daily Activity and Function Post Total Hip Replacement Surgery. A Randomized Pilot Trial.

Individuals have increasingly high expectations of return to activity following total hip replacement (THR) surgery. The current literature demonstrates marked improvements in pain following THR. However, there is limited evidence showing objective improvement in daily activity.

Maternal Cannabis Use during Lactation and Potential Effects on Human Milk Composition and Production: A Narrative Review.

Cannabis use has increased sharply in the last 20 y among adults, including reproductive-aged women. Its recent widespread legalization is associated with a decrease in risk perception of cannabis use during breastfeeding. However, the effect of cannabis use (if any) on milk production and milk composition is not known.