Tumor Stage and Substage Predict Cancer-specific Mortality After Nephrectomy for Nonmetastatic Renal Cancer: Histological Subtype-specific Validation.

Background: For patients with nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma (nmRCC) treated with nephrectomy, prediction of cancer-specific mortality (CSM) by T stage and substage has not been validated for the separate histological subtypes.

Objective: To investigate the ability of pathological T stage and substage to predict CSM for patients with clear-cell, papillary, or chromophobe nmRCC treated with nephrectomy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Using the SEER database for 2004-2016, we identified 87 149 patients with T1-4 N0/X M0 nmRCC treated with nephrectomy for the clear-cell (65 715; 75.

Comparison between 1973 and 2004/2016 WHO grading systems in patients with Ta urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder.

Aims: To compare the 1973 WHO and the 2004/2016 WHO grading systems in patients with urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder (UCUB), since no consensus has been made which classification should supersede the other and since both are recommended in clinical practice.

Methods: Newly diagnosed patients with Ta UCUB treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumour were abstracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database (2010-2016). Kaplan-Meier plots and multivariable Cox regression models (CRMs) tested cancer-specific mortality (CSM), according to 1973 WHO (G1 vs G2 vs G3) and to 2004/2016 WHO (low-grade vs high-grade) grading systems.

Race/Ethnicity Determines Life Expectancy in Surgically Treated T1aN0M0 Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients.

Background: Life expectancy (LE) is an important consideration in the clinical decision-making for T1aN0M0 renal cell cancer (RCC) patients.

Objective: To test the effect of race/ethnicity (Caucasian, African American, Hispanic/Latino, and Asian) on LE predictions from Social Security Administration (SSA) life tables in male and female T1aN0M0 RCC patients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We relied on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Coordination of trivalent lanthanum and cerium, and tetravalent cerium and actinides (An = Th(IV), U(IV), Np(IV)) by a 4-phosphoryl 1-pyrazol-5-olate ligand in solution and the solid state.

Structural investigations of three actinide(iv) 4-phosphoryl 1H-pyrazol-5-olate complexes (An = Th(iv), U(iv), Np(iv)) and their cerium(iv) analogue display the same metal coordination in the solid state. The mononuclear complexes show the metal centre in a square antiprismatic coordination geometry composed by the two O-donor atoms of four deprotonated ligands. Detailed solid state analysis of the U(iv) complex shows that dependent on the solvent used altered arrangements are observable, resulting in a change in the coordination polyhedron of the U(iv) metal centre to bi-capped trigonal prismatic.

Comparison Between Urothelial and Non-Urothelial Urethral Cancer.

Background: To test the effect of variant histology relative to urothelial histology on stage at presentation, cancer specific mortality (CSM), and overall mortality (OM) after chemotherapy use, in urethral cancer.

Materials And Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (2004-2016) database, we identified 1,907 primary variant histology urethral cancer patients. Kaplan-Meier plots, Cox regression analyses, cumulative incidence-plots, multivariable competing-risks regression models and propensity score matching for patient and tumor characteristics were used.

Prolonged anesthesia alters brain synaptic architecture.

Prolonged medically induced coma (pMIC) is carried out routinely in intensive care medicine. pMIC leads to cognitive impairment, yet the underlying neuromorphological correlates are still unknown, as no direct studies of MIC exceeding ∼6 h on neural circuits exist. Here, we establish pMIC (up to 24 h) in adolescent and mature mice, and combine longitudinal two-photon imaging of cortical synapses with repeated behavioral object recognition assessments.

Regional Lymph Node Metastasis on Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography Correlates with Decreased Biochemical Recurrence-Free and Therapy-Free Survival after Radical Prostatectomy: A Retrospective Single-Center Single-Arm Observational Study.

Purpose: We sought to address the impact of preoperative prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) findings prior to radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection on biochemical recurrence and time to adjuvant or salvage treatment.

Materials And Methods: Between 2013 and 2017, 64 intermediate and 166 high risk (230) prostate cancer patients received Ga-PSMA-11 PET followed by radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. Biochemical recurrence-free and therapy-free survivalwere determined.

Sex-Related Differences Include Stage, Histology, and Survival in Urethral Cancer Patients.

Purpose: To test the effect of sex on histologic subtype, stage at presentation, treatment, and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) in urethral cancer.

Patients And Methods: We identified urethral cancer patients within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry (2004-2016). After matching for tumor and patient characteristics, cumulative incidence plots and multivariable competing risks regression models, adjusted for other-cause mortality, tested CSM according to sex.

Comparative genomics of cetartiodactyla: energy metabolism underpins the transition to an aquatic lifestyle.

Foraging disruption caused by human activities is emerging as a key issue in cetacean conservation because it can affect nutrient levels and the amount of energy available to individuals to invest into reproduction. Our ability to predict how anthropogenic stressors affect these ecological processes and ultimately population trajectory depends crucially on our understanding of the complex physiological mechanisms that detect nutrient availability and regulate energy metabolism, foraging behavior and life-history decisions. These physiological mechanisms are likely to differ considerably from terrestrial mammalian model systems.

Control of septum thickness by the curvature of SepF polymers.

Gram-positive bacteria divide by forming a thick cross wall. How the thickness of this septal wall is controlled is unknown. In this type of bacteria, the key cell division protein FtsZ is anchored to the cell membrane by two proteins, FtsA and/or SepF.

Is Standardization Transferable? Initial Experience of Urethral Surgery at the University Hospital Frankfurt.

Since January 2018 performance of urethroplasties is done on regular basis at the University Hospital Frankfurt (UKF). We aimed to implement and transfer an institutional standardized perioperative algorithm for urethral surgery (established at the University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf-UKE) using a validated Urethral Stricture Surgery Patient-Reported Outcome Measure (USS-PROM) in patients undergoing urethroplasty at UKF. We retrospectively analyzed all patients who underwent urethroplasty for urethral stricture disease between January 2018 and January 2020 at UKF.

Identification and quantification of neuronal ensembles in optical imaging experiments.

Recent technical advances in molecular biology and optical imaging have made it possible to record from up to thousands of densely packed neurons in superficial and deep brain regions in vivo, with cellular subtype specificity and high spatiotemporal fidelity. Such optical neurotechnologies are enabling increasingly fine-scaled studies of neuronal circuits and reliably co-active groups of neurons, so-called ensembles. Neuronal ensembles are thought to constitute the basic functional building blocks of brain systems, potentially exhibiting collective computational properties.

Mild hydrothermally treated brewer's spent grain for efficient removal of uranyl and rare earth metal ions.

The increasing concerns on uranium and rare earth metal ion pollution in the environment require sustainable strategies to remove them from wastewater. The present study reports an eco-friendly approach to convert a kind of protein-rich biomass, brewer's spent grain (BSG), into effective biosorbents for uranyl and rare earth metal ions. The employed method reduces the energy consumption by performing the hydrothermal treatment at a significantly lower temperature (150 °C) than conventional hydrothermal carbonization.

Catheter Management and Risk Stratification of Patients With in Inpatient Treatment Due to Acute Epididymitis.

This study aims to evaluate catheter management in acute epididymitis (AE) patients requiring inpatient treatment and risk factors predicting severity of disease. Patients with diagnosed AE and inpatient treatment between 2004 and 2019 at the University Hospital Frankfurt were analyzed. A risk score, rating severity of AE, including residual urine > 100 ml, fever > 38.

UBR7 functions with UBR5 in the Notch signaling pathway and is involved in a neurodevelopmental syndrome with epilepsy, ptosis, and hypothyroidism.

The ubiquitin-proteasome system facilitates the degradation of unstable or damaged proteins. UBR1-7, which are members of hundreds of E3 ubiquitin ligases, recognize and regulate the half-life of specific proteins on the basis of their N-terminal sequences ("N-end rule"). In seven individuals with intellectual disability, epilepsy, ptosis, hypothyroidism, and genital anomalies, we uncovered bi-allelic variants in UBR7.

The effect of race/ethnicity on histological subtype distribution, stage at presentation and cancer specific survival in urethral cancer.

Objective: To test the effect of race/ethnicity on histological subtype, stage at presentation, and cancer specific mortality (CSM) in urethral cancer patients.

Material And Methods: Stratified analyses (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results [2004-2016]) tested the effect of race/ethnicity on histology and stage. Cumulative incidence-plots and multivariable competing-risks regression models (CRR), addressed CSM, after matching for TNM-stage, histology, age, and gender.

Incidence and Survival Rates of Contemporary Patients with Invasive Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background: Contemporary incidence and mortality rates of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) are unavailable.

Objective: To describe contemporary UTUC incidence and mortality rates in the USA.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database (2004-2016), we identified 13 075 UTUC patients.

Influence of an Early Application of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Inhibitors Everolimus and Sirolimus on Acute Vascular Inflammatory Responses After Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Objectives: Ischemia-reperfusion injury is correlated with a substantial inflammatory response. Inflammation triggers the migration of cells through vessel endothelium and leads to serious tissue injury. Our hypothesis was that an early application of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors has an impact on human vessels after ischemia-reperfusion injury.

A How-To Guide for Mode of Action Analysis of Antimicrobial Peptides.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising alternative to classical antibiotics in the fight against multi-resistant bacteria. They are produced by organisms from all domains of life and constitute a nearly universal defense mechanism against infectious agents. No drug can be approved without information about its mechanism of action.