A case report of long-latency evoked diaphragm potentials after exposure to acute intermittent hypoxia in post-West Nile virus meningoencephalitis.

We present a case report of a 42-year-old female with post-West Nile virus meningoencephalitis who exhibited unique, long-latency diaphragm potentials evoked by transcranial and cervical magnetic stimulation after exposure to acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH). The subject was recruited for a study investigating AIH effects on respiratory motor function in healthy individuals. She had contracted West Nile virus infection 5 years before assessment that resulted in hospitalization and persistent allodynia but was not reported to the research team.

Techniques and analytic workflow for spatial transcriptomics and its application to allergy and inflammation.

Spatial profiling, through single-cell gene-level expression data paired with cell localization, offers unprecedented biologic insights within the intact spatial context of cells in healthy and diseased tissue, adding a novel dimension to data interpretation. This review summarizes recent developments in this field, its application to allergy and inflammation, and recent single-cell resolution platforms designed for spatial transcriptomics with a focus on data processing and analyses for efficient biologic interpretation of data. By preserving spatial context, these technologies provide critical insights into tissue architecture and cellular interactions that are unattainable with traditional transcriptomics methods, such as revealing localized inflammatory cell network in atopic dermatitis and T-cell interactions in the lung in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Integrating single-cell multimodal epigenomic data using 1D convolutional neural networks.

Motivation: Recent experimental developments enable single-cell multimodal epigenomic profiling, which measures multiple histone modifications and chromatin accessibility within the same cell. Such parallel measurements provide exciting new opportunities to investigate how epigenomic modalities vary together across cell types and states. A pivotal step in using these types of data is integrating the epigenomic modalities to learn a unified representation of each cell, but existing approaches are not designed to model the unique nature of this data type.

Short- and long-term effects of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation on autonomic cardiovascular control and arm-crank exercise capacity in individuals with a spinal cord injury (STIMEX-SCI): study protocol.

Introduction: Individuals with higher neurological levels of spinal cord injury (SCI) at or above the sixth thoracic segment (≥T6), exhibit impaired resting cardiovascular control and responses during upper-body exercise. Over time, impaired cardiovascular control predisposes individuals to lower cardiorespiratory fitness and thus a greater risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Non-invasive transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (TSCS) has been shown to modulate cardiovascular responses at rest in individuals with SCI, yet its effectiveness to enhance exercise performance acutely, or promote superior physiological adaptations to exercise following an intervention, in an adequately powered cohort is unknown.

Time-dependent, patient-centered perceptions of quality measures for total joint arthroplasty: a cross-sectional, choice modeling study.

Background: As value-based care arrangements continue to assess quality of care and costs, comprehensive and patient-centered definitions of quality of care are required. While patient-reported outcome measures are increasingly integrated into quality assessments following total joint arthroplasty (TJA), patient perceptions of quality paired with the phase of surgical care has not been described. The purpose of this study was to assess how TJA patients perceive measures of quality of care and assess if these perceptions change based on the phase of care.

Analysis of cases of intimate partner violence against indigenous women reported in the macroregion of Dourados-MS, Brazil.

The present study aimed to analyze notifications of intimate partner violence (IPV) against indigenous women in the macro-region of Dourados-MS, Brazil, from 2009 to 2020. This is a cross-sectional study with secondary data from registered reports in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) of indigenous women who suffered violence. Descriptive statistics of the variables and Poisson regression were performed to determine the prevalence ratio (PR).

Adaptation of prenatal care offered to indigenous women: maternal characteristics and health services.

This study aimed to analyze the adaptation of prenatal care offered to Indigenous women and its association with maternal characteristics and health services. This is a cross-sectional study, conducted with 461 Indigenous women who gave birth and/or received immediate postpartum care in the municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul, between 2021 and 2022. An indicator of minimum prenatal adequacy was developed, which was classified as adequate when the woman started prenatal care in the 1st trimester of pregnancy, had ≥7 consultations, and had routine exams recorded.

Ventilatory Long-Term Facilitation at Rest Increases the Feedforward Contribution to Subsequent Exercise Ventilatory Responses.

The respiratory control system exhibits neural plasticity, adjusting future ventilatory responses based on experience. We tested the hypothesis that ventilatory long-term facilitation induced by hypercapnic acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) at rest enhances subsequent ventilatory responses to steady-state exercise. Fourteen healthy adults (age = 27 ± 5 years; 7 males) participated in the study.

Influence of aqueous solutions of 2-(tetrafluoro(trifluoromethyl)-λ-sulfanyl-ethan-1-ol (CFSF-ethanol) on the stabilization of the secondary structure of melittin: comparison with aqueous trifluoroethanol using molecular dynamics simulations and circular dichroism experiments.

The influence of aqueous solutions of 2-(tetrafluoro(trifluoromethyl)-λ-sulfanyl-ethan-1-ol (CFSF-ethanol) and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) on the secondary structure of melittin was studied using circular dichroism (CD) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In water, melittin transitions into a random coil. However, upon addition of even as little as 1% by volume of CFSF-ethanol, the secondary structure of melittin stabilizes as a helix.

Low Complication Rates in Olecranon Fracture Fixation With Dual Plating.

Background: Most olecranon fractures are intra-articular, affecting the extensor mechanism of the elbow, and are treated surgically with dorsal plate fixation or tension band. Due to shortcomings of dorsal plates related to prominence, insufficient fixation of sagittal fracture lines, and difficulty matching proximal ulna dorsal angulation (PUDA), dual medial and lateral plating (DP) has been developed. We hypothesized that olecranon fractures treated with DP would have low complication rates and low incidence of hardware removal compared with those treated with traditional methods of fixation.

Preliminary findings regarding the association between patient demographics and ED experience scores across a regional health system: A cross sectional study using natural language processing of patient comments.

Objective: Existing literature shows associations between patient demographics and reported experiences of care, but this relationship is poorly understood. Our objective was to use natural language processing of patient comments to gain insight into associations between patient demographics and experiences of care.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 14,848 unique emergency department (ED) patient visits from 1/1/2020 to 12/31/2020.

Feasibility of Utilizing a Brief Neurocognitive Battery in 3-Year-Old Patients During Treatment for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is associated with neurocognitive deficits in young children. While computerized measures have been utilized in pediatric oncology research, they exclude patients below the age of 4 years. Patients enrolled on "Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children and Adolescents" were offered participation in an optional neurocognitive study.

Opportunities and challenges of single-cell and spatially resolved genomics methods for neuroscience discovery.

Over the past decade, single-cell genomics technologies have allowed scalable profiling of cell-type-specific features, which has substantially increased our ability to study cellular diversity and transcriptional programs in heterogeneous tissues. Yet our understanding of mechanisms of gene regulation or the rules that govern interactions between cell types is still limited. The advent of new computational pipelines and technologies, such as single-cell epigenomics and spatially resolved transcriptomics, has created opportunities to explore two new axes of biological variation: cell-intrinsic regulation of cell states and expression programs and interactions between cells.

MRI for Scaphoid Nonunion: Utilization Rates, Factors Associated with Utilization, and Subsequent Vascularized Bone Graft Use.

Purpose: The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evaluation of scaphoid nonunion may be an example of low-value imaging for the treatment of scaphoid nonunion. The purpose of this study was to investigate variation in MRI use for scaphoid nonunion, the association of MRI with a vascularized bone graft (VBG) and to develop consensus on MRI use for scaphoid nonunion.

Methods: We identified patients >18 years of age who underwent scaphoid nonunion surgery between 2010 and 2019 using a claims database.

LUMIC: Latent diffUsion for Multiplexed Images of Cells.

The rapid advancement of high-content, single-cell technologies like robotic confocal microscopy with multiplexed dyes (morphological profiling) can be leveraged to reveal fundamental biology, ranging from microbial and abiotic stress to organ development. Specifically, heterogeneous cell systems can be perturbed genetically or with chemical treatments to allow for inference of causal mechanisms. An exciting strategy to navigate the high-dimensional space of possible perturbation and cell type combinations is to use generative models as priors to anticipate high-content outcomes in order to design informative experiments.

Tell Me about yourself: Analyzing self-referential language use in borderline personality disorder.

Depression and some other illnesses are associated with increased self-reference and negative emotion in language. Research findings on lexical patterns in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) have been inconsistent. We conducted two studies to evaluate lexical markers of distress in BPD: First compared to healthy controls (HC), and later compared to Post-Traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients and trauma-exposed controls (TC).

Reverse shoulder arthroplasty following failed rotator cuff repair: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is an established operative treatment for failed rotator cuff repair (RCR) that may not be amenable to revision repair. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the clinical outcomes for patients undergoing RSA following prior failed RCR compared with patients without prior RCR undergoing primary RSA.

Methods: A systematic search of articles in Pubmed, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library databases was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines.

Corrigendum to Incorporating new approach methodologies into regulatory nonclinical pharmaceutical safety assessment.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.14573/altex.2212081.

Factors influencing emergency medicine worker shift satisfaction: A rapid assessment of wellness in the emergency department.

Objectives: In emergency medicine (EM), the interplay of wellbeing and burnout impacts not only patient care, but the health, productivity, and job satisfaction of EM healthcare workers. The study objective was to use a rapid assessment tool to identify factors that impact EM worker satisfaction, or "wellness," while on shift in the emergency department (ED) and the association with role and level of satisfaction.

Methods: This prospective descriptive study utilized a QR-code-based electronic survey instrument that included a 7-point Likert shift satisfaction score.

Multivariate Cluster Point Process to Quantify and Explore Multi-Entity Configurations: Application to Biofilm Image Data.

Clusters of similar or dissimilar objects are encountered in many fields. Frequently used approaches treat each cluster's central object as latent. Yet, often objects of one or more types cluster around objects of another type.

Conflicts of Interest in Bronchoscopy Research: Is Self-Reporting Sufficient?

Background: Robotic assisted bronchoscopy has been enthusiastically adopted in the United States and has transformed the treatment of patients with indeterminate pulmonary nodules. Unprecedented industry investments in research, development, and marketing have profoundly affected the bronchoscopy landscape, leading to concerns that conflicts of interest could influence the validity of bronchoscopy studies. Disclosures of conflicts of interest in research are predicated on open and transparent self-reporting.

Views and Uses of Sepsis Digital Alerts in National Health Service Trusts in England: Qualitative Study With Health Care Professionals.

Background: Sepsis is a common cause of serious illness and death. Sepsis management remains challenging and suboptimal. To support rapid sepsis diagnosis and treatment, screening tools have been embedded into hospital digital systems to appear as digital alerts.