Pelvic fractures in blunt trauma patients: A comparative study.

Background: Pelvic fractures (PF) with concomitant injuries are on the rise due to an increase of high-energy trauma. Increase of the elderly population with age related comorbidities further complicates the management. Abdominal organ injuries are kindred with PF due to the proximity to pelvic bones.

Two surgical pathways for isolated hip fractures: A comparative study.

Background: Hip fractures (HF) are common among the aging population, and surgery within 48 h is recommended. Patients can be hospitalized for surgery through different pathways, either trauma or medicine admitting services.

Aim: To compare management and outcomes among patients admitted through the trauma pathway (TP) medical pathway (MP).

Sternal fractures in blunt trauma patients.

Purpose: Sternal fractures (SF) are commonly associated with other injuries and their incidence is on the rise. The aim was to evaluate injury characteristics and outcomes in patients with all types of SF after blunt trauma.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 380 SF patients from two Level 1 trauma centers was performed.

Intravenous Ibuprofen Reduces Opioid Consumption During the Initial 48 Hours After Injury in Orthopedic Trauma Patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous (IV) ibuprofen (Caldolor) administration in the management of acute pain in orthopedic trauma patients and to minimize opioid use.

Design: Randomized controlled trial, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled.

Setting: Level 1 Trauma Center.

Outcome Analysis of Surgical Stabilization of Rib Fractures in Trauma Patients.

Objectives: To compare outcomes in patients with rib fractures (RFX) who underwent surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) to those treated nonoperatively.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Two Level 1 Trauma Centers.

Is First Rib Fracture a Culprit or a Sign of Injury Severity? It Is Both.

Objectives: First rib fractures (first RFX) have been correlated with increased morbidity and mortality. Whether this is due to the fracture of the rib itself or due to an increased number of associated injuries remains debatable.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Extracellular Matrix Applications in the Treatment of Open Fractures With Complex Wounds and Large Soft Tissue Defects.

Use of biologic scaffolds such as extracellular matrix (ECM) is a promising trend in the treatment of complex wounds in orthopedic trauma patients. In this clinical series we describe the technique of the successful application of porcine urinary bladder ECM products in the treatment of open fractures of the extremities with complex wounds and large soft tissue defects. The clinical outcomes demonstrated that even in challenging cases where local flap coverage of bone or neurovascular structures is not possible, sequential xenograft implantation allowed us to achieve a stable soft tissue envelope.

Profitability of Integrated Management of Fusarium Head Blight in North Carolina Winter Wheat.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most difficult small-grain diseases to manage, due to the partial effectiveness of management techniques and the narrow window of time in which to apply fungicides profitably. The most effective management approach is to integrate cultivar resistance with FHB-specific fungicide applications; yet, when forecasted risk is intermediate, it is often unclear whether such an application will be profitable. To model the profitability of FHB management under varying conditions, we conducted a 2-year split-plot field experiment having as main plots high-yielding soft red winter wheat cultivars, four moderately resistant (MR) and three susceptible (S) to FHB.

Quantifying the Effects of Wheat Residue on Severity of Stagonospora nodorum Blotch and Yield in Winter Wheat.

Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), caused by the fungus Parastagonospora nodorum, is a major disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Residue from a previously infected wheat crop can be an important source of initial inoculum, but the effects of infected residue on disease severity and yield have not previously been quantified. Experiments were conducted in Raleigh and Salisbury, North Carolina, in 2012, 2013, and 2014 using the moderately susceptible winter wheat cultivar DG Shirley.

Efficacy and value of prophylactic vs. integrated pest management approaches for management of cereal leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in wheat and ramifications for adoption by growers.

Cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus L., can be effectively managed in southeastern U.S.

Virulence in Hessian fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) field collections from the southeastern United States to 21 resistance genes in wheat.

Genetic resistance in wheat, Triticum aestivum L., is the most efficacious method for control of Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). However, because of the appearance of new genotypes (biotypes) in response to deployment of resistance, field collections of Hessian fly need to be evaluated on a regular basis to provide breeders and producers information on the efficacy of resistance (R) genes with respect to the genotype composition of Hessian fly in regional areas.

Multiple mid-Atlantic field experiments show no economic benefit to fungicide application when fungal disease is absent in winter wheat.

Strobilurin fungicides produce intensified greening and delayed senescence in plants, and have been claimed to enhance yields of field crops in the absence of disease. To help evaluate this claim, available publicly sponsored tests of fungicides on soft red winter wheat in Virginia and North Carolina (n = 42) were analyzed for the period 1994 to 2010. All tests were replicated and had a randomized complete block, split-plot, or split-block design.

Sampling in Precision IPM: When the Objective Is a Map.

ABSTRACT Measuring and understanding spatial variation of pests is a fundamental component of population dynamics. The resulting maps can drive spatially variable pest management, which we define as precision integrated pest management (IPM). Precision IPM has the potential to reduce insecticide use and slow the rate of resistance development because of the creation of temporally dynamic refuges.

Laparoscopic treatment of simultaneously occurring Morgagni and paraesophageal hernias.

A paraesophageal hernia was diagnosed in a 67-year-old female patient suffering from epigastric pain and gastroesophageal reflux disease. The patient underwent laparoscopy. Beside the paraesophageal hernia, a Morgagni hernia was also observed, with a significant part of the omentum herniated in the sac.

Does fibular plating improve alignment after intramedullary nailing of distal metaphyseal tibia fractures?

Objective: Evaluate whether supplementary fibular fixation helped maintain axial alignment in distal metaphyseal tibia-fibula fractures treated by locked intramedullary nailing.

Design: Retrospective chart and radiographic review.

Setting: Three, level 1, trauma centers.

Long-term radiographic evaluation of Trilock press-fit acetabular components in primary total hip arthroplasty.

A retrospective radiographic evaluation of 39 acetabulae reconstructed with Trilock press-fit components (Depuy, Warsaw, IN) without use of supplementary fixation was performed. The following radiographic criteria were evaluated: change in component inclination angle, migration, osteolytic areas, and radiolucent lines. Acetabular components were considered loose when there was migration greater than four millimeters, change in abduction angle greater than four degrees, or a concentric radiolucent line greater than two millimeters.

Identifying Soft Red Winter Wheat Cultivars Tolerant to Barley yellow dwarf virus.

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is a serious disease of soft red winter wheat. Although there has been interest in tolerant cultivars, identification and development has been slow due to a lack of precision in rating plants for response to BYDV. Visual ratings of symptoms are commonly used to evaluate cultivars, but these ratings have proven to be inconsistent.

Soft-tissue principles for orthopaedic surgeons.

Meticulous handling of the tissues, reversal of known patient risk factors, and attention to detail can avoid many soft-tissue complications. Prompt management or consultation of a soft-tissue expert may reduce the morbidity and need for extensive reconstructive procedures.

Spinal infections. Diagnosis and treatment.

Spinal infections encompass a broad spectrum of pathology. Any element of the spine, the vertebrae, disks, surrounding soft tissues, potential spaces, or the cord itself may be involved solely, or more commonly, in combination. Staphylococcus aureus is the organism most frequently found, with Gram negative bacteria often cited in association with infections of the urinary tract and in intravenous drug abusers.

Site-specific integrated pest management for high value crops: sample units for map generation using the Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) as a model system.

Site-specific agriculture uses maps to optimize within-field placement of agricultural practices. This technology introduces the potential to optimize pest management by varying pesticide or other inputs to better match within-field variation in pest density. Current sampling plans are designed to estimate mean density and may not be suitable for mapping, although useful sampling plans could be developed for map generation for integrated pest management.

Case report: prismatic redirection of vision for progressive supranuclear palsy.

Limitation of extraocular movements in progressive supranuclear palsy is a significant and uncomfortable problem. Specially designed mirror-prism spectacles make it possible for these patients to read and feed themselves.

Colloid cyst of the third ventricle--a neurological emergency.

Colloid cyst of the third ventricle, although a benign lesion, carries with it high mortality and morbidity if not diagnosed in time. The most common presenting symptom is headache. A 31-year-old man with a history of intermittent, throbbing, unilateral headache and nausea was admitted because of exacerbation of his headache, which responded poorly to medication.

Comparison of schizophrenic patients with formal thought disorder and neurologically impaired patients with aphasia.

This study compares the speech and language of 14 schizophrenic patients having a formal thought disorder with 13 neurologically impaired patients with aphasia. Transcribed interviews with these patients were blindly assessed by five specialists for classification as schizophrenic or aphasic. Three of the five specialists performed better than chance but only one achieved high discriminating ability.