Effects of Grip Style and Contact Point on Force Production in a Tennis Forehand Groundstroke.

Modern tennis forehand grip style and ball contact points have evolved to enhance power and topspin. Different grip styles and ball contacts are recommended; however, little data are available to support one over another. Through a quantitative experimental study, we sought to determine which grip style and ball contact point produced the greatest forces at static contact.

Dual Coaching of Medical Clerkship Students' History Taking Skills by Volunteer Inpatients at the Bedside and Faculty Physicians on Zoom During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: Coaching is a well-described means of providing real-time, actionable feedback to learners. We aimed to determine whether dual coaching from faculty physicians and real inpatients led to an improvement in history-taking skills of clerkship medical students.

Patients And Methods: Expert faculty physicians (on Zoom) directly observed 13 clerkship medical students as they obtained a history from 26 real, hospitalized inpatients (in person), after which students received immediate feedback from both the physician and the patient.

Ultrasound Measurement of Femoral Articular Cartilage Thickness Before and After Marathon Running.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to use ultrasonography to measure femoral articular cartilage thickness changes during marathon running, which could support MRI studies showing that deformation of knee cartilage during long-distance running is no greater than that for other weight-bearing activities.

Materials And Methods: Participants included 38 marathon runners with no knee pain or history of knee injury, aged 18-39. Ultrasound images of the femoral articular cartilage were taken two hours before and immediately after the race.

Aberrant DJ-1 expression underlies L-type calcium channel hypoactivity in dendrites in tuberous sclerosis complex and Alzheimer's disease.

L-type voltage-gated calcium (Ca) channels (L-VGCC) dysfunction is implicated in several neurological and psychiatric diseases. While a popular therapeutic target, it is unknown whether molecular mechanisms leading to disrupted L-VGCC across neurodegenerative disorders are conserved. Importantly, L-VGCC integrate synaptic signals to facilitate a plethora of cellular mechanisms; however, mechanisms that regulate L-VGCC channel density and subcellular compartmentalization are understudied.

First Dark Matter Search Results from the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Experiment.

The LUX-ZEPLIN experiment is a dark matter detector centered on a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. This Letter reports results from LUX-ZEPLIN's first search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with an exposure of 60 live days using a fiducial mass of 5.5 t.

Guidelines to conduct research in computer-prompt software studies to decrease sedentary behaviors and increase physical activity in the workplace.

Background: Computers are ubiquitous in the workplace and facilitate prolonged sitting, which has adverse health consequences. Various computer-prompt software programs are designed to decrease sedentary behaviors and increase physical activity in the workplace. However, specific guidelines that would improve research in this area have not been published.

Is There a Correlation Between Reported Knee Pain and Fluid at the Distal Insertion of the Iliotibial Band in Runners?

Objective To determine whether there is a correlation between pain and the amount of fluid present at the distal insertion of the iliotibial band (ITB) in runners, as measured by USG. Method Our retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated 100 male and female runners prior to the start of a race. A valid and reliable questionnaire collected demographic, pain, and training data.

Homoploid hybrids, allopolyploids, and high ploidy levels characterize the evolutionary history of a western North American quillwort (Isoëtes) complex.

Polyploidy and hybridization are important processes in seed-free plant evolution. However, a major gap lies in our understanding of how these processes affect the evolutionary history of high-ploidy systems. The heterosporous lycophyte genus Isoëtes is a lineage with many putative hybrids and high-level polyploid taxa (ranging from tetraploid to dodecaploid).

Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Additional Alkaloids from the Tropical Rainforest Tree .

The structures of five new natural products (GB 27-GB 31, -), isolated as minor components from the bark of , have been determined by 2D NMR spectroscopy in combination with DFT calculations. Among the alkaloids, GB 31 () belongs to Class I, GB 27 () and 28 () belong to Class II, and GB 30 () belongs to Class III GB alkaloids. GB 31 is the first non-nitrogen-containing GB "alkaloid", being a biosynthetic oxidation product of himbacine, himandravine, or himbeline.

Computer Prompt Software to Reduce Sedentary Behavior and Promote Physical Activity Among Desk-Based Workers: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Do computer prompt software programs at the workplace reduce sitting time and/or increase physical activity at work?

Background: Many products are promoted and being used in the workplace; however, their effectiveness and use are unknown or the evidence base that they work to change behavior is lacking.

Method: We searched for relevant papers published between 2005 and 2020. The inclusion criteria were computer prompt software programs installed as behavioral change interventions; interventions implemented during work hours and delivered through a work personal computer or laptop; and measures of sedentary behavior and/or physical activity.

Understanding Variations in the Health Consequences of Sedentary Behavior: A Taxonomy of Social Interaction, Novelty, Choice, and Cognition.

The study of sedentary behaviors requires taxonomies (classification schemes) to standardize data collection, measurements, and outcomes. Three taxonomies of sedentary behaviors have been identified, but none address an important challenge in sedentary behavior research, which is to distinguish between beneficial and detrimental health effects of various sedentary behaviors. Some sedentary behaviors (e.

Development and implementation of a logic model: Occupational stress, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in the workplace.

Background: An increasing level of occupational stress is a major problem in the workplace that requires innovative approaches and strategies. An understudied research area pertains to the effects that physical activity performed during the workday have on occupational stress.

Objective: To determine if and how an intervention that increases physical activity and reduces sedentary behavior affects workplace stress.

Cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity, and ambulatory blood pressure in adolescents.

Background: This study examined the association of cardiorespiratory fitness (fitness) and adiposity (Body Mass Index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]) with ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and tested the moderating effect of adiposity on the association between fitness and ABP.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 370 adolescents aged 11-16 years. Fitness was assessed by a height-adjusted step test and estimated by heart rate recovery, defined as the difference between peak heart rate during exercise and heart rate two minutes postexercise.

Disparity Indices and Overweight: Frame of Reference.

The purpose of this study was to compare state rankings of body mass index (BMI) among three different indices of income disparities (i.e., low-, middle-, and high-income thresholds) and BMI.

Factors Associated With Half- and Full-Marathon Race-Related Injuries: A 3-Year Review.

Objective: To better evaluate the relationships between training, demographics, and injury, this study sought to define race-related injury risk factors for half- and full-marathon runners.

Design: This 3-year, observational cross-sectional study included adults who participated in a half or full marathon. Prerace and 2-week postrace surveys collected data on demographics, training factors, and injuries.

Delayed gratification and adherence to exercise among patients with claudication.

Few studies have explicitly identified factors that explain an individual's willingness to engage in community-based exercise for claudication. Identifying the unique characteristics of those inclined toward physical activity would inform interventions that encourage walking. We examined the utility of behavioral economics-related concepts in understanding walking among Veterans with claudication.

Results of a Search for Sub-GeV Dark Matter Using 2013 LUX Data.

The scattering of dark matter (DM) particles with sub-GeV masses off nuclei is difficult to detect using liquid xenon-based DM search instruments because the energy transfer during nuclear recoils is smaller than the typical detector threshold. However, the tree-level DM-nucleus scattering diagram can be accompanied by simultaneous emission of a bremsstrahlung photon or a so-called "Migdal" electron. These provide an electron recoil component to the experimental signature at higher energies than the corresponding nuclear recoil.

Successful Smoking Cessation Associated with Walking Behavior in Patients with Claudication.

Background: Behavioral economics theories suggest that a preference for delayed benefits promotes positive behavioral change, a concept relevant to both smoking cessation and community-based exercise regimens for claudication. Given the high rate of smoking among older veterans, we were interested in examining the association between smoking cessation, exercise regimen adherence, and preferences for delayed versus immediate benefits.

Methods: Between April 2017 and March 2018, patients with claudication at the Michael E.

Low-copy nuclear markers in (Isoëtaceae) identified with transcriptomes.

Premise Of The Study: Few genetic markers provide phylogenetic information in closely related species of (Isoëtaceae). We describe the development of primers for several putative low-copy nuclear markers to resolve the phylogeny of , particularly in the southeastern United States.

Methods And Results: We identified regions of interest in transcriptomes based on low-copy genes in other plants.

Evaluation of a Worksite-Based Small Group Team Challenge to Increase Physical Activity.

Purpose: To investigate whether participants in a small group team challenge had greater completion rates in an institution-wide step-challenge than other participants.

Design: A quasi-experimental, posttest-only design with a comparison group was used to evaluate group differences in completion rates.

Setting: A large university system provided the opportunity to participate in a physical activity challenge.

Urban-Rural Differences in Aerobic Physical Activity, Muscle Strengthening Exercise, and Screen-Time Sedentary Behavior.

Purpose: Compared to their urban counterparts, US residents in rural settings face an increased risk of premature mortality and health problems that have been linked to insufficient physical activity (PA) levels. There is limited literature regarding urban-rural differences in adherence to national guidelines for all 3 PA-related behaviors.

Methods: We investigated urban-rural differences in aerobic PA, leisure-time muscle strengthening PA, and leisure screen-time sedentary behavior in a combined data set of the 2011-2014 waves (N = 14,188) of the nationally representative National Cancer Institute's Health Information National Trends Survey.