Glycaemic outcomes in hospital with IDegAsp versus BIAsp30 premixed insulins.

Background And Aims: IDegAsp (Ryzodeg 70/30), a unique premixed formulation of long-acting insulin degludec and rapid-acting insulin aspart, is increasing in use. Management of IDegAsp during hospitalisation is challenging because of degludec's ultra-long duration of action. We investigated inpatient glycaemia in patients treated with IDegAsp compared to biphasic insulin aspart (BIAsp30; Novomix30).

LSD and psilocybin for chronic nociplastic pain: A narrative review of the literature supporting the use of classic psychedelic agents in chronic pain.

Healthcare providers face the challenging task of managing patients who suffer from chronic nociplastic pain conditions. Pain is a multidimensional experience, and the current approach to managing people in chronic pain often fails to meet the needs of these patients. Novel ways of treating people who suffer from chronic nociplastic pain with classic psychedelic agents may offer a new lens through which to approach their pain.

Acute angioedema in Cape Town emergency centres and a suggested algorithm to simplify and improve management.

Background: Angioedema is the most common acute allergic presentation to emergency centres (EC), with hospitalisation rates increasing in high-income countries. Angioedema can complicate with life-threatening laryngeal obstruction. There are no local data; therefore, we aimed to characterise acute angioedema cases presenting to ECs and develop a simple management algorithm.

Self-reported beta-lactam allergy in government and private hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa.

Background: Up to a quarter of inpatients in high-income countries (HICs) self-report beta-lactam allergy (BLA), which if incorrect,increases the use of alternative antibiotics, worsening individual health outcomes and driving bacterial resistance. In HICs, up to 95% ofself-reported BLAs are incorrect. The epidemiology of BLA in low- and middle-income African countries is unknown.

Auricular prosthesis positioning using virtual planning in combination with additive manufacturing.

Introduction: This study focused on deformed or missing auricles and their replacement with silicone prostheses which are retained by craniofacial implants. Surgeons find it difficult to accurately place the implants in relation to the missing auricle in theatre. The aim of this study was to develop patient-specific devices using additive manufacturing technologies and associated software to indicate the positions of implants and to correctly orientate the prostheses relative to the positions of the implants.

Impact of First Metatarsal Hyperpronation on First Ray Alignment: A Study in Cadavers.

Background: There is increased evidence of first metatarsal hyperpronation in patients with hallux valgus, but its impact on the stability of the first metatarsophalangeal and metatarsosesamoid joints is unknown. A previous biomechanical study showed that an increase in hallucal pronation might lead to medial soft tissue failure of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. Conversely, dynamic studies on hallux valgus have shown that the first tarsometatarsal joint moves in supination during weightbearing, and supination was associated with an increase in the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) and hallux valgus angle (HVA).

Early results and complication rate of the LapiCotton procedure in the treatment of medial longitudinal arch collapse: a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Instability/collapse of the medial column has been associated with many conditions, particularly progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD), hallux valgus (HV), and midfoot arthritis (MA). Restoration of first ray length and sagittal plane alignment to restore the foot tripod is essential when treating these deformities. This study aimed to assess early results, healing, and complication rate of a distraction dorsal opening plantarflexion wedge allograft first tarsometatarsal joint fusion (LapiCotton Procedure) in patients with collapse/instability of the medial column.

Comparison between Weightbearing-CT semiautomatic and manual measurements in Hallux Valgus.

Background: Radiographic measurements are an essential tool to determine the appropriate surgical treatment and outcome for Hallux Valgus (HV). HV deformity is best evaluated by weight-bearing computed tomography (WBCT). The objective was (1) to assess the reliability of WBCT computer-assisted semi-automatic imaging measurements in HV, (2) to compare semi-automatic with manual measurements in the setting of an HV, and (3) to compare semi-automatic measurements between HV and control group.

Investigating the Recyclability of Laser PP CP 75 Polypropylene Powder in Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF).

In the present study, recyclability of Laser PP CP 75 polypropylene powder from Diamond Plastics GmbH was determined by characterizing and comparing the used powder after each cycle with material from previous cycles and with fresh powder. The melt flow index of Laser PP CP 75 was affected by recycling since it was observed to change by 30.62% after the 8th 100% re-use cycle, a lower value than PA 12 of 66.

Medial Transmalleolar Portal Technique for Ankle Arthroscopic Headless Screw Fixation of Talar Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesions.

This article describes a technique for arthroscopic fixation of an osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesion of the medial talar dome with headless compression screws. This technique involves creation of a medial transmalleolar portal using a guide and drill. The medial transmalleolar portal grants perpendicular access for screw fixation of OCD lesions in addition to the potential for osteochondral autograft transplantation (OAT).

Arthroscopic Fixation of Knee Femoral Condyle Osteochondritis Dissecans Fragment With Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate.

This article reviews a technique for arthroscopic fixation of an osteochondritis dissecans fragment with bone marrow aspirate concentrate augmentation. This technique involves safe harvest of bone marrow arthroscopically from the intercondylar notch, proper preparation and debridement of the parent bone, reduction of the progeny osteochondritis dissecans fragment, insertion of the bone marrow aspirate concentrate, and placement of multiple headless compression screws for fixation.

Biosimilars for the treatment of patients with psoriasis: A consensus statement from the Biosimilar Working Group of the International Psoriasis Council.

Background: As biosimilars have become available in various parts of the world, the International Psoriasis Council has reviewed aspects of their use.

Objective: To provide consensus statements from the Biosimilar Working Group about the use of biosimilars in patients with psoriasis.

Methods: A semiqualitative structured process was employed to approve the consensus statements on biosimilars using the nominal group technique.

Japanese subpopulation analysis of MONARCH 2: phase 3 study of abemaciclib plus fulvestrant for treatment of hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer that progressed on endocrine therapy.

Background: This was a Japanese subpopulation analysis of MONARCH 2, a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study of abemaciclib plus fulvestrant in patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer (ABC).

Methods: Eligible women had progressed on (neo)adjuvant endocrine therapy (ET), ≤ 12 months from end of adjuvant ET, or on first-line ET for ABC, and had not received chemotherapy for ABC. Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive abemaciclib or placebo plus fulvestrant.

Optimal Synovial Fluid Leukocyte Count Cutoff for Diagnosing Native Joint Septic Arthritis After Antibiotics: A Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis of Accuracy.

Introduction: Urgent treatment of septic arthritis is key in preventing devastating morbidity or mortality. Accurate diagnosis is critical, and the standard diagnostic cutoff of 50,000 synovial leukocytes may be altered by previous administration of antibiotics. Our objective was to identify and compare a cutoff synovial leukocyte count with a high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of septic arthritis in patients who received antibiotics and those who had not.

Quantitative and qualitative analyses of orthodontic-related videos on YouTube.

Objectives: To investigate content of orthodontic-related videos on YouTube to improve the understanding of orthodontic patients' perceptions and treatment experiences.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search was conducted on YouTube on March 20, 2018, and updated on August 4, 2019, to identify all relevant videos using search terms "orthodontic," "orthodontics," "braces," and "orthodontic braces." The data set was captured from YouTube Data API (Application Programming Interface) and stored in an Excel database using a query function written in Python.

Motor skill intervention for pre-school children: A scoping review.

Background: There is a high prevalence of motor skill difficulties amongst pre-school children living in low socio-economic areas. Motor skill impairment can affect these children's school readiness and academic progress, social skills, play and general independence.

Objectives: This scoping review investigates the key elements of existing motor skill interventions for pre-school children.

Psoriasis severity: commonly used clinical thresholds may not adequately convey patient impact.

Background: Psoriasis severity is usually evaluated using quantitative and qualitative measures, including per cent body surface area (BSA) involvement, the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), a patient-reported questionnaire. However, standardized definitions for psoriasis severity categories have not been well established. A PASI of 10 or 12 has remained the minimal severity threshold defining eligibility for psoriasis treatments.

Development and Application of a Mechanistic Population Modeling Approach to Describe Abemaciclib Pharmacokinetics.

Abemaciclib is an oral anticancer drug that inhibits cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 and is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A in the intestines and liver to active metabolites. The objectives were (1) to develop a mechanistic model to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of the active moieties and investigate the effect of patient factors and (2) apply the model to dat from two phase III breast cancer trials of abemaciclib in combination with endocrine therapy. To develop the model, data from seven phase I studies and two phase II studies including 421 patients with cancer and 65 healthy individuals were pooled for nonlinear mixed effects modeling.

Topical treatment of psoriasis: questionnaire results on topical therapy as long-term continuous treatment and use on specific body sites.

Background: Currently, no formalized international consensus guidelines exist to direct optimal topical treatment including long-term treatment.

Objective: In this survey, we aim to examine if and which topicals are used in clinical practice in long-term continuous treatment of psoriasis and how topicals are used in treating specific sites of the body.

Methods: A questionnaire was distributed electronically to dermatologists from the International Psoriasis Council (IPC) representing 26 countries.

The Spectrum of Aggressive Mastocytosis: A Workshop Report and Literature Review.

Most cases of mastocytosis are indolent, usually cutaneous mastocytosis or indolent systemic mastocytosis (SM). Aggressive mast cell (MC) diseases are very rare and often fatal. They can develop de novo or due to progression of indolent forms and can present in different ways; either as MC sarcoma or as advanced SM which includes aggressive SM, MC leukemia, and SM with an associated hematological neoplasm.

Psoriasis and Mental Health Workshop Report: Exploring the Links between Psychosocial Factors, Psoriasis, Neuroinflammation and Cardiovascular Disease Risk.

Psoriasis is a systemic, relapsing, inflammatory disease associated with serious comorbidities including mood problems and/or unhealthy lifestyle behaviours. Cutaneous and systemic abnormalities in innate and acquired immunity play a role in its pathogenesis. The exact pathogenetic mechanism remains elusive.