Cas9-mediated gene-editing frequency in microalgae is doubled by harnessing the interaction between importin α and phytopathogenic NLSs.

Pathogen-derived nuclear localization signals (NLSs) enable vigorous nuclear invasion in the host by the virulence proteins harboring them. Herein, inspired by the robust nuclear import mechanism, we show that NLSs originating from the plant infection-associated proteins VirD2 and VirE2 can be incorporated into the Cas9 system as efficient nuclear delivery enhancers, thereby improving the low gene-editing frequency in a model microalga, , caused by poor nuclear localization of the bulky nuclease. Prior to evaluation of the NLSs, IPA1 (Cre04.

Intravascular Imaging Predictors Associated With Cardiovascular Events After Complex PCIs.

Background: Intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in patients with complex coronary artery lesions compared with angiography-guided PCI. However, the prognostic impact of suboptimal findings on intravascular imaging such as stent underexpansion, malapposition, or dissection is unclear in the era of contemporary drug-eluting stents.

Methods: From RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI (Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravascular Imaging Guidance Versus Angiography-Guidance on Clinical Outcomes After Complex Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) which compared imaging-guided PCI with angiography-guided PCI in patients with complex lesions, post-PCI intravascular imaging findings, including minimum stent area (MSA), relative stent underexpansion (MSA≤80% of the average reference lumen area), malapposition, or dissection, were assessed in nonleft main target lesions.

Outcomes and predictive factors for fluid resolution following three loading injections of faricimab for treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

To evaluate the outcomes and predictive factors for fluid resolution following three loading injections of faricimab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration(AMD). This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with treatment-naïve neovascular AMD who received three monthly injections of faricimab. Changes in best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) and central retinal thickness(CRT) following treatment were evaluated.

Evaluation of an assistive exosuit for alleviating neck and shoulder muscle fatigue during prolonged flexed neck posture.

Introduction: Neck pain affects 203 million people globally and is prevalent in various settings due to factors like poor posture, lack of exercise, and occupational hazards. Therefore, addressing ergonomic issues with solutions like a wearable robotic device is crucial. This research presents a novel assistive exosuit, characterized by its slim and lightweight structure and intuitive control without the use of hands, designed to mitigate muscle fatigue in the neck and shoulders during prolonged flexed neck posture.

COVID-19 Vaccination and Ocular Adverse Events: A Self-Controlled Case Series Study From the Entire South Korean Population.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the risk of ocular adverse events, including retinal artery occlusion (RAO), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), noninfectious uveitis (NIU), noninfectious scleritis (NIS), optic neuritis (ON), ischemic optic neuropathy (ION), and ocular motor cranial nerve palsy (OMCNP), following Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination.

Design: Population-based self-controlled case series METHODS: This study utilized nationwide claims and vaccination data provided by the Korea National Health Insurance Service and Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. From the entire South Korean population of 52 million individuals, patients with incident RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, or OMCNP between January 2021 and March 2022 were included.

Mixture of and Extracts Ameliorates Sleep Quality of Adults with Sleep Disturbance.

Chronic sleep disturbance affects daily functioning, leading to decreased concentration, fatigue, and higher healthcare costs. Traditional insomnia medications are often associated with adverse side effects. This study investigated the efficacy of a novel compound derived from and extracts (named RNE) in improving sleep quality with fewer side effects.

Vaccination induces broadly neutralizing antibody precursors to HIV gp41.

A key barrier to the development of vaccines that induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other viruses of high antigenic diversity is the design of priming immunogens that induce rare bnAb-precursor B cells. The high neutralization breadth of the HIV bnAb 10E8 makes elicitation of 10E8-class bnAbs desirable; however, the recessed epitope within gp41 makes envelope trimers poor priming immunogens and requires that 10E8-class bnAbs possess a long heavy chain complementarity determining region 3 (HCDR3) with a specific binding motif. We developed germline-targeting epitope scaffolds with affinity for 10E8-class precursors and engineered nanoparticles for multivalent display.

Clinical Value of Single-Projection Angiography-Derived FFR in Noninfarct-Related Artery.

Background: The Murray law-based quantitative flow ratio (μFR) is an emerging technique that requires only 1 projection of coronary angiography with similar accuracy to quantitative flow ratio (QFR). However, it has not been validated for the evaluation of noninfarct-related artery (non-IRA) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) settings. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of μFR and the safety of deferring non-IRA lesions with μFR >0.

Supplementation of Heat-Treated nF1 Changes the Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Healthy Infants.

Background: Imbalance of the gut microbiome and decrease in the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria often affect human health by altering intestinal and immune homeostasis. The use of probiotics has been shown to be an attractive method to modulate gut microbiota to prevent or treat intestinal dysbiosis. Likewise, this study aimed to determine whether the oral consumption of heat-treated nF1 (HLp-nF1) induces changes in the gut environment in healthy infants by measuring changes in fecal SCFAs.

Quarter-Annulus Si-Photodetector with Equal Inner and Outer Radii of Curvature for Reflective Photoplethysmography Sensors.

Reflection-type photoplethysmography (PPG) pulse sensors used in wearable smart watches, true wireless stereo, etc., have been recently considered a key component for monitoring biological signals such as heart rate, SPO, and blood pressure. Typically, the optical front end (OFE) of these PPG sensors is heterogeneously configured and packaged with light sources and receiver chips.

Preclinical and dose-ranging assessment of hESC-derived dopaminergic progenitors for a clinical trial on Parkinson's disease.

Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) cell transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we present the derivation of high-purity mDA progenitors from clinical-grade hESCs on a large scale under rigorous good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions. We also assessed the toxicity, biodistribution, and tumorigenicity of these cells in immunodeficient rats in good laboratory practice (GLP)-compliant facilities.

Transcriptome-wide analysis reveals GYG2 as a mitochondria-related aging biomarker in human subcutaneous adipose tissue.

Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), a vital energy reservoir and endocrine organ for maintaining systemic glucose, lipid, and energy homeostasis, undergoes significant changes with age. However, among the existing aging-related markers, only few genes are associated with SAT aging. In this study, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used on a transcriptome of SAT obtained from the Genotype-Tissue Expression portal to identify biologically relevant, SAT-specific, and age-related marker genes.

Clinical Benefit of Intravascular Imaging Compared With Conventional Angiography in Left Main Coronary Artery Intervention.

Background: The RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI (Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravascular Imaging Guidance Versus Angiography-Guidance on Clinical Outcomes After Complex Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) demonstrated that intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) improved clinical outcome compared with angiography-guided PCI for patients with complex coronary artery lesions. This study aims to assess whether the prognostic benefit of intravascular imaging-guided procedural optimization persists in patients undergoing PCI for left main coronary artery disease.

Methods: Of 1639 patients enrolled in the RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI, 192 patients with left main coronary artery disease were selected for the current prespecified substudy.

A Phase II Study of Osimertinib in Patients with Advanced-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer following Prior Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (EGFR TKI) Therapy with EGFR and T790M Mutations Detected in Plasma Circulating Tumour DNA (PLASMA Study).

Epidermal growth factor receptor () T790M mutations drive resistance in 50% of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who progress on first/second generation (1G/2G) EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and are sensitive to Osimertinib. Tissue sampling is the gold-standard modality of T790M testing, but it is invasive. We evaluated the efficacy of Osimertinib in patients with EGFR mutant NSCLC and T790M in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA).

Stopping Aspirin Within 1 Month After Stenting for Ticagrelor Monotherapy in Acute Coronary Syndrome: The T-PASS Randomized Noninferiority Trial.

Background: Stopping aspirin within 1 month after implantation of a drug-eluting stent for ticagrelor monotherapy has not been exclusively evaluated for patients with acute coronary syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ticagrelor monotherapy after <1 month of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is noninferior to 12 months of ticagrelor-based DAPT for adverse cardiovascular and bleeding events in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Methods: In this randomized, open-label, noninferiority trial, 2850 patients with acute coronary syndrome who underwent drug-eluting stent implantation at 24 centers in South Korea were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either ticagrelor monotherapy (90 mg twice daily) after <1 month of DAPT (n=1426) or 12 months of ticagrelor-based DAPT (n=1424) between April 24, 2019, and May 31, 2022.

Optical Coherence Tomography-Guided or Intravascular Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The OCTIVUS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) or optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed superior clinical outcomes compared with angiography-guided PCI. However, the comparative effectiveness of OCT-guided and IVUS-guided PCI regarding clinical outcomes is unknown.

Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, open-label, pragmatic trial, we randomly assigned 2008 patients with significant coronary artery lesions undergoing PCI in a 1:1 ratio to undergo either an OCT-guided or IVUS-guided PCI.

Gossypetin Prevents the Progression of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Regulating Oxidative Stress and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe liver metabolic disorder, however, there are still no effective and safe drugs for its treatment. Previous clinical trials used various therapeutic approaches to target individual pathologic mechanisms, but these approaches were unsuccessful because of the complex pathologic causes of NASH. Combinatory therapy in which two or more drugs are administered simultaneously to patients with NASH, however, carries the risk of side effects associated with each individual drug.

Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Early-stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Using Multiparametric and Radiomic Features of Breast MRI.

Rationale And Objectives: To investigate whether machine learning (ML) approaches using breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived multiparametric and radiomic features could predict axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) in stage I-II triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Materials And Methods: Between 2013 and 2019, 86 consecutive patients with TNBC who underwent preoperative MRI and surgery were enrolled and divided into ALNM (N = 27) and non-ALNM (n = 59) groups according to histopathologic results. For multiparametric features, kinetic features using computer-aided diagnosis (CAD), morphologic features, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values at diffusion-weighted images were evaluated.

Mild-to-Moderate Kidney Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses.

Background: End-stage renal disease is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular events. It is unknown, however, whether mild-to-moderate kidney dysfunction is causally related to coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke.

Methods: Observational analyses were conducted using individual-level data from 4 population data sources (Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, EPIC-CVD [European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Cardiovascular Disease Study], Million Veteran Program, and UK Biobank), comprising 648 135 participants with no history of cardiovascular disease or diabetes at baseline, yielding 42 858 and 15 693 incident CHD and stroke events, respectively, during 6.

Stroke genetics informs drug discovery and risk prediction across ancestries.

Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of stroke - the second leading cause of death worldwide - were conducted predominantly in populations of European ancestry. Here, in cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of 110,182 patients who have had a stroke (five ancestries, 33% non-European) and 1,503,898 control individuals, we identify association signals for stroke and its subtypes at 89 (61 new) independent loci: 60 in primary inverse-variance-weighted analyses and 29 in secondary meta-regression and multitrait analyses. On the basis of internal cross-ancestry validation and an independent follow-up in 89,084 additional cases of stroke (30% non-European) and 1,013,843 control individuals, 87% of the primary stroke risk loci and 60% of the secondary stroke risk loci were replicated (P < 0.

Impact of Renal Function on Short-Term Outcome After Reperfusion Therapy in Patients With Ischemic Stroke.

Background: A high and low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) could affect outcomes after reperfusion therapy for ischemic stroke. This study aimed to determine whether renal function based on eGFR affects mortality risk in patients with ischemic stroke within 6 months following reperfusion therapy.

Methods: This prospective registry-based cohort study included 2266 patients who received reperfusion therapy between January 2000 and September 2019 and were registered in the SECRET (Selection Criteria in Endovascular Thrombectomy and Thrombolytic Therapy) study or the Yonsei Stroke Cohort.