Assessment of Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Evolutionary Relationship of Uncharacterized Genes in a Novel Germplasm Collection of Diploid and Allotetraploid Accessions Using EST and Genomic SSR Markers.

This study evaluated the genetic diversity and population structures in a novel cotton germplasm collection comprising 132 diploids, including and allotetraploid cotton accessions, including , , , , and , from Santa Cruz, Isabella, San Cristobal, Hawaiian, Dominican Republic, and Wake Atoll islands. A total of 111 expressed sequence tag (EST) and genomic simple sequence repeat (gSSR) markers produced 382 polymorphic loci with an average of 3.44 polymorphic alleles per SSR marker.

Hypoxia-Induced Mitogenic Factor Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy via Calcium-Dependent and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Mechanisms.

HIMF (hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor/found in inflammatory zone 1/resistin like α) is a secretory and cytokine-like protein and serves as a critical stimulator of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. With a role for HIMF in heart disease unknown, we explored the possible roles for HIMF in cardiac hypertrophy by overexpressing and knocking down HIMF in cardiomyocytes and characterizing HIMF gene () knockout mice. We found that HIMF mRNA and protein levels were upregulated in phenylephrine-stimulated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and our mouse model of transverse aortic constriction-induced cardiac hypertrophy, as well as in human hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Durable Remissions with Ivosidenib in IDH1-Mutated Relapsed or Refractory AML.

Background: Mutations in the gene encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 ( IDH1) occur in 6 to 10% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Ivosidenib (AG-120) is an oral, targeted, small-molecule inhibitor of mutant IDH1.

Methods: We conducted a phase 1 dose-escalation and dose-expansion study of ivosidenib monotherapy in IDH1-mutated AML.

Anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of the total flavonoids from Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et kit. in vitro and in vivo.

Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit. is traditionally used for the treatment of jaundice urinary retention, itching wet sores, infectious icteric hepatitis and influenza in Uighur medicine.

[ACE2 agonist DIZE alleviates lung injury induced by limb ischemia-reperfusion in mice].

This study was aimed to explore the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) agonist diminazene aceturate (DIZE) on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by limb ischemia-reperfusion (LIR) in mice. Male 8-week-old wild-type and hACE2 transgenic ICR mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (6 in each group), including wild-type control (W), wild-type model (WL), wild-type model with DIZE administration (WLD), transgenic control (T), transgenic model (TL), and transgenic model with DIZE administration (TLD) groups. LIR model was established by 4 h reperfusion following 2 h ischemia of bilateral hindlimbs with rubber bands in mice.

[Transplantation of human placenta mesenchymal stem cells reduces the level of inflammatory factors in lung tissues of mice with acute lung injury].

Objective To investigate the influence of human placenta mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) on the expression levels of inflammatory factors in the lung tissues of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mice. Methods Six-week-old healthy C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into control group, ALI model group and hPMSC-treated group, with 8 mice in each group. LPS was trickled in ALI model group by the trachea.

Genetics and Pathogenesis of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) are phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous. Gene-expression profiling has identified subgroups of DLBCL (activated B-cell-like [ABC], germinal-center B-cell-like [GCB], and unclassified) according to cell of origin that are associated with a differential response to chemotherapy and targeted agents. We sought to extend these findings by identifying genetic subtypes of DLBCL based on shared genomic abnormalities and to uncover therapeutic vulnerabilities based on tumor genetics.

Transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells attenuated paraquat-induced acute lung injury via miR-141-3p-Notch-Nrf2 axis.

Background: Paraquat (PQ) presents with high toxicity for humans and animals, and the lungs become the main target organ by the poisoning of PQ leading to acute lung injury. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were proved to have the repair function on acute lung injury (ALI). We aimed to invatigate the underlying mechanism of EPCs in PQ-induced ALI involving miR-141-3p.

Nobiletin-Ameliorated Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Acute Lung Injury by Suppression of NF-κB Pathway In Vivo and Vitro.

Nobiletin (NOB), a citrus polymethoxy flavonoid, has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-insulin resistance activities. Although the anti-inflammatory activity of NOB already reported, its involvement in lung protection has not been reported. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory response of NOB in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated A549 cells and LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice.

Fropofol decreases force development in cardiac muscle.

Supranormal contractile properties are frequently associated with cardiac diseases. Anesthetic agents, including propofol, can depress myocardial contraction. We tested the hypothesis that fropofol, a propofol derivative, reduces force development in cardiac muscles via inhibition of cross-bridge cycling and may therefore have therapeutic potential.

[Effect of different concentrations of hypertonic sodium fluid resuscitation on intestine injury in rats at the early stage of severe burn].

Objective: To investigate the effect of different concentrations of hypertonic saline solution (HS) on intestine injury in rats at the early stage of severe burn.

Methods: 104 adult healthy female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham group (n = 8), lactated Ringer solution (LR) group (n = 24) and 200, 300, 400 mmol/L HS group (HS200 group, HS300 group, HS400 group, all n = 24). All the rats in LR group and different concentrations of HS groups were scalded for 30% total body surface area (TBSA) with III degree, after immediately, the rats were given burn resuscitation therapy by LR or corresponding concentrations of HS through the tail vein.

3,5,4'-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol attenuates seawater inhalation-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome via thioredoxin 1 pathway.

The protecting effects of 3,5,4'-tri-O-acetylresveratrol (AC-Res) on seawater inhalation-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by interfering with the activation of thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) pathway were evaluated. Seawater inhalation-induced ARDS was assessed by magnitude of pulmonary edema and lung inflammation. Oxidative stress was tested by T-SOD activity and MDA content in lungs and cells.

Dexmedetomidine reduces ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) by inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway.

Mechanical ventilation (MV) may lead to ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Previous research has shown that dexmedetomidine attenuates pulmonary inflammation caused by MV, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Our study aims to test whether dexmedetomidine has a protective effect against VILI and to explore the possible molecular mechanisms using the rat model.

Tetramethylpyrazine Showed Therapeutic Effects on Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Protein Kinase RNA-Like Endoplasmic Reticulum Kinase (PERK) Signaling-Induced Apoptosis of Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells.

BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening complication of sepsis. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) has been used in the clinical treatment of vascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects and possible involved mechanisms on ALI.

Curcumin Attenuates Pulmonary Inflammation in Lipopolysaccharide Induced Acute Lung Injury in Neonatal Rat Model by Activating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) Pathway.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of curcumin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced neonatal acute lung injury (ALI) and the possibly associated molecular mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS ALI neonatal animal model was established by using LPS. Curcumin and/or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) inhibitor BADGE (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether) were administrated to animals.

Simvastatin Ameliorates PAK4 Inhibitor-Induced Gut and Lung Injury.

P21 activated kinase 4 (PAK4), a key regulator of cytoskeletal rearrangement and endothelial microparticles (EMPs), is released after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. In addition, it participates in LPS-induced lung injury. In this study, forty-eight Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into two groups, including PAK4 inhibitor (P) and PAK4 inhibitor + simvastatin (P + S) treatment groups.

Role of Quzhou Fructus Aurantii Extract in Preventing and Treating Acute Lung Injury and Inflammation.

Quzhou Fructus Aurantii (QFA) is an authentic herb of local varieties in Zhejiang, China, which is usually used to treat gastrointestinal illnesses, but its effects on respiratory inflammation have not been reported yet. In our study, the anti-inflammatory activity of QFA extract (QFAE) was evaluated on copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO·5HO)-induced transgenic neutrophil fluorescent zebrafish model. QFAE showed a significant effect of anti-inflammation in CuSO·5HO-induced zebrafish by reducing the neutrophil number in the inflammatory site.

Characterization, anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation of polysaccharides by Hypsizygus marmoreus against LPS-induced toxicity on lung.

In our present work, the polysaccharides (MPS) were successfully extracted from the mycelia of Hypsizygus marmoreus, and purpose of our work was to evaluate the analysis of the characterization, anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation against the lung failure induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. Pretreatment with MPS at 800mg/kg markedly ameliorated the lung wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio and pulmonary histopathological conditions, reduced the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities. In addition, the protective effects of MPS might be attributed to the down-regulations of the serum complement 3 (C3), glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CPR) contents, as well as improving the antioxidant status by enhancing pulmonary enzyme activities (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC)) and eliminating the lipid peroxidation (LPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), respectively.

Protective effects of thymol on LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice.

Thymol, a naturally occurring phenol isolated from thyme, has been known to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of thymol on acute lung injury (ALI) within an lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model. ELISA and western blotting were performed to detect the pro-inflammatory cytokines and signaling pathways.

Oxidative stress induced necroptosis activation is involved in the pathogenesis of hyperoxic acute lung injury.

Necroptosis has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of some lung diseases, but its role in hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI) is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate contribution of necroptosis to the pathogenesis of HALI induced by hyperbaric hyperoxia exposure in a rat model. Rats were divided into control group, HALI group, Nec-1 (necroptosis inhibitor) group and edaravone group.

[Pathogenic role of leukotriene B4 in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell hyper- permeability induced by one lung ventilation in rabbits].

Objective: To elucidate the pathogenic role of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in increased pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell permeability induced by one lung ventilation (OLV) in rabbits.

Methods: Forty-eight healthy Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into control group (group C), saline pretreatment group (group S), bestatin (a leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) inhibitor) plus saline pretreatment group (group B), OLV group (group O), saline pretreatment plus OLV group (group SO) and bestatin plus saline pretreatment with OLV group (group BO). ELISA was used to detect LTB4 content in the lung tissues, and LTA4H and phospholipase Cεl (PLCEl) expressions were examined by Western blotting and quantitative PCR.

Re-designing Interleukin-12 to enhance its safety and potential as an anti-tumor immunotherapeutic agent.

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) has emerged as one of the most potent agents for anti-tumor immunotherapy. However, potentially lethal toxicity associated with systemic administration of IL-12 precludes its clinical application. Here we redesign the molecule in such a way that its anti-tumor efficacy is not compromised, but toxic effects are eliminated.

[Relationship between cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 and nuclear factor κB in one lung ventilation-induced lung injury in rabbits].

Objective: To elucidate the mechanisms of up regulated expression of cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 (CPLA2) induced by one lung ventilation (OLV) by investigating the interactions between nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) and C-PLA2.

Methods: Forty-eight healthy Japanese white rabbits were randomized into control group, solvent treatment group (group S), NF-κB inhibitor (PDTC)/solvent treatment group ( group PS), C-PLA2 inhibitor (AACOCF3)/solvent treatment group (group AS), OLV group (group O), solvent treatment plus OLV group (SO group), NFκB inhibitor (PDTC)/solvent treatment plus OLV group (group PSO) and CPLA2 inhibitor (AACOCF3)/solvent treatment plus OLV group (group ASO). ELISA was used to detect arachidonic acid (AA) content in the lung tissues, and NFκB and CPLA2 expressions were detected by Western blotting and quantitative PCR.

The effect of energy restriction on fatty acid profiles of longissimus dorsi and tissue adipose depots in sheep.

Sheep production systems in northwest China depend mostly on natural grasslands. Seasonal growth and maturity fluctuations can cause periodical restrictions in food quality and quantity. These fluctuations, in turn, result in variability in fat deposition and fatty acid profiles in different fat depots.

Protective Effects of Chymostatin on Paraquat-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice.

This study aims to evaluate the role of chymostatin in paraquat-induced acute lung injury. Institute of Cancer Research mice were randomly distributed into the NS, DMSO, chymostatin, paraquat or chymostatin treatment groups. Six mice from each group were intraperitoneally injected with chloral hydrate at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h after treatment administration.