Using virtual reality simulation for training practical skills in musculoskeletal wrist X-ray - A pilot study.

Objectives: Using virtual reality (VR), students of radiography can practice acquisition and positioning of musculoskeletal radiographs and get immediate feedback on their performance within the simulator. The purpose of this study was to assess usability of a newly developed VR simulator and to explore self-perceived clinical readiness (SPCR) of radiography students before and after training acquisition of wrist radiographs in the VR simulator.

Material And Methods: A prospective methodology was applied where the students ( = 10) estimated their own SPCR in regard to acquisition of wrist radiographs pre- and post-VR training.

Exploring the patient perspectives of mobile X-ray in nursing homes - A qualitative explorative pilot study.

Introduction: For patients with dementia, behaviour and reactions to stimuli can change and an X-ray examination in the hospital can have be a frightening experience. The aim of this study was to identify the experiences and perspectives of patients with dementia and their caregivers on receiving a mobile x-ray examination in nursing homes.

Methods: This study was designed as a qualitative study using patient observation and semi structured interviews, with a phenomenology-hermeneutic approach.

Ovariectomy and orchidectomy induce a transient increase in the osteoclastogenic potential of bone marrow cells in the mouse.

Withdrawal of gender steroids in both women and men is associated with an increase in bone turnover with bone resorption exceeding bone formation leading to bone loss. To further investigate this process, the osteoclastogenic potential of mouse bone marrow cells was assessed at different timepoints after ovariectomy (ovx) or orchidectomy (orx). Cocultures of osteoclast-free fetal mouse long bones together with bone marrow from ovariectomized or orchidectomized mice indicated that the withdrawal of gender steroids in female and male mice induces a transient increase in osteoclastogenesis.

In vitro and ex vivo evidence that estrogens suppress increased bone resorption induced by ovariectomy or PTH stimulation through an effect on osteoclastogenesis.

The mechanism of bone loss following cessation of ovarian function is still unclear. Several studies have shown an increase in bone turnover following natural or surgical menopause which could be prevented by estrogen administration. However, a direct effect of estrogen on osteoclast-mediated bone resorption has been difficult to demonstrate in vitro.

Role of protein kinase C (PKC) in bone resorption: effect of the specific PKC inhibitor 1-alkyl-2-methylglycerol.

The specific inhibitor of protein kinase C, 1-O-alkyl-2-O-methylglycerol (AMG), was studied for its effect on bone resorption, measured as 45Ca-release, in fetal mouse calvariae. AMG (1 to 50 microM) had no effect on basal bone resorption. AMG inhibited parathyroid hormone (40 nM) induced bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner.