Assessing the Value of New Antimicrobials: Evaluations of Cefiderocol and Ceftazidime-Avibactam to Inform Delinked Payments by the NHS in England.

Objectives: The UK has recently established subscription-payment agreements for two antimicrobials: cefiderocol and ceftazidime-avibactam. This article summarises the novel value assessments that informed this process and lessons learned for future pricing and funding decisions.

Methods: The evaluations used decision modelling to predict population incremental net health effects (INHEs), informed by systematic reviews, evidence syntheses, national surveillance data and structured expert elicitation.

Personalised antimicrobial susceptibility testing with clinical prediction modelling informs appropriate antibiotic use.

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is a key weapon against antimicrobial resistance. Diagnostic microbiology laboratories use one-size-fits-all testing approaches that are often imprecise, inefficient, and inequitable. Here, we report a personalised approach that adapts laboratory testing for urinary tract infection to maximise the number of appropriate treatment options for each patient.

Treatment of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Preventive and Empirical Therapy for Invasive Candidiasis in Adult Pulmonary and Critical Care Patients. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.

Background: The incidence of invasive fungal infections is increasing in immune-competent and immune-compromised patients. An examination of the recent literature related to the treatment of fungal infections was performed to address two clinical questions. First, in patients with proven or probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, should combination therapy with a mold-active triazole plus echinocandin be administered vs.

Cefepime/Enmetazobactam: a microbiological, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and clinical evaluation.

Introduction: Cefepime/enmetazobactam is a novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (BL-BLI) combination with broad Gram-positive and -negative activity. Cefepime is relatively resistant to hydrolysis by AmpC and enmetazobactam inhibits all Ambler Class A extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Hence the combination is resistant to hydrolysis by many ESBLs.