Enhancing diagnostic capability with multi-agents conversational large language models.

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise in healthcare tasks but face challenges in complex medical scenarios. We developed a Multi-Agent Conversation (MAC) framework for disease diagnosis, inspired by clinical Multi-Disciplinary Team discussions. Using 302 rare disease cases, we evaluated GPT-3.

The role of HDAC2 inhibition in cardioprotection against doxorubicin-induced myocardial injury.

Introduction: The molecular mechanisms underlying cardioprotection against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced myocardial injury are poorly understood. Histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) plays a significant role in oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction and is implicated in many human diseases, This study investigated the relationship between HDAC2 expression and DOX-induced myocardial injury using the rat model of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and experiments with the H9c2 cardiomyocytes.

Methods: The rat model of DOX-induced myocardial injury was established by administering DOX via intraperitoneal injections.

Prognostic impact of initial platelet count and post-induction platelet recovery in elderly AML patients: associated with circulating cytokines.

Objective: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous hematologic malignancy, with various clinical features influencing its prognosis. The aim of this study to evaluate the impact of platelet count at diagnosis and platelet recovery after induction chemotherapy on the survival outcomes of elderly AML patients.

Methods: A total of 109 elderly patients with AML who were treated in our center between 2017 and 2023 were evaluated.

Single-Bacterium Diagnosis via Terahertz Near-Field Dielectric Nanoimaging.

Single-bacterium diagnostic methods with unprecedented precision and rapid turnaround times are promising tools for facilitating the transition from empirical treatment to personalized anti-infection treatment. Terahertz (THz) radiation, a cutting-edge technology for identifying pathogens, enables the label-free and non-destructive detection of intermolecular vibrational modes and bacterial dielectric properties. However, this individual dielectric property-based detection and the mismatched spatial resolution are limited for the single-bacterium identification of various species of pathogens.

New Insight into the Mechanism of Neurochemical Imbalance in Multiple Sclerosis: Abnormal Transportation of Brain Extracellular Space.

Neurochemical imbalance is a contributing factor to neurological symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS). The matured myelin sheath is crucial for substance transportation within the extracellular space (ECS) and for maintaining local homeostasis. Therefore, we hypothesize that disturbed ECS transportation following demyelinating lesions might lead to neurochemical imbalance in MS.