Collagen deposition in lung parenchyma driven by depletion of interstitial Lyve-1 macrophages prevents cigarette smoke-induced emphysema and loss of airway function.

Introduction: Collagen is essential for maintaining lung structure and function and its remodeling has been associated with respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the cellular mechanisms driving collagen remodeling and the functional implications of this process in the pathophysiology of pulmonary diseases remain poorly understood.

Methods: To address this question, we employed ; mice with specific depletion of Lyve-1 macrophages and assessed the content, types and organization of collagen in lung compartments at steady state and after chronic exposure to cigarette smoke (CS).

Early life environmental enrichment yields resilience to selected behavioural and brain responses to 5-fluorouracil in mice.

Chemotherapy remains the primary treatment modality for multiple cancer types, but the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs often leads to persistent psychological disturbances that undermine daily function. Minimizing such unwanted effects is challenging in the rehabilitation/prehabilitation of cancer survivors, hence the impetus to identify modifiable external factors capable of improving the recovery process. The importance of social stimulation has been demonstrated in a mouse model showing that grouped housing lowered the likelihood of developing mood disturbance following exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs compared with isolated housing.

Suppression of Aedes aegypti may not affect sympatric Aedes albopictus populations: findings from two years of entomological surveillance in Singapore.

Globally, multiple trials have successfully demonstrated the effectiveness of novel tools, such as the sterile and incompatible insect techniques, in suppressing Aedes aegypti populations. However, there is concern that Aedes albopictus, another arbovirus-competent vector, may occupy the niches vacated by Ae. aegypti in areas where these species occur in sympatry.

Management of Femoral Condyle Insufficiency Fractures Following Total Knee Arthroplasty (FCIF-TKA).

Background: Femoral condyle insufficiency fractures following total knee arthroplasty (FCIF-TKA) are rare but significant complications. These fractures, characterized by atraumatic bone insufficiency near the femoral component, present unique challenges in postoperative care, often necessitating femoral component revision.

Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 835 primary total knee arthroplasties performed by a single surgeon, identifying six cases of FCIF-TKA.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of trastuzumab emtansine for second-line treatment of HER2+ advanced breast cancer in Singapore.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) compared to both lapatinib plus capecitabine (lapcap) and trastuzumab plus capecitabine (trascap) for treating human epidermal growth factor 2-positive advanced breast cancer patients, who have received prior treatment with trastuzumab and a taxane, in Singapore.

Research Design And Methods: A three-state partitioned survival model was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness from the local healthcare system perspective. Key effectiveness data, including progression-free survival and overall survival from the pivotal EMILIA trial, were used alongside local clinician inputs.