HSP25 Vaccination Attenuates Atherogenesis via Upregulation of LDLR Expression, Lowering of PCSK9 Levels and Curbing of Inflammation.

[Figure: see text].

MicroRNA Targets for Asthma Therapy.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory obstructive lung disease that is stratified into endotypes. Th2 high asthma is due to an imbalance of Th1/Th2 signaling leading to abnormally high levels of Th2 cytokines, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and in some cases a reduction in type I interferons. Some asthmatics express Th2 low, Th1/Th17 high phenotypes with or without eosinophilia.

Epigenetic Targets for Oligonucleotide Therapies of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Arterial wall remodeling underlies increased pulmonary vascular resistance and right heart failure in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). None of the established vasodilator drug therapies for PAH prevents or reverse established arterial wall thickening, stiffening, and hypercontractility. Therefore, new approaches are needed to achieve long-acting prevention and reversal of occlusive pulmonary vascular remodeling.

Novel Assessment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm Inflammatory Factors.

The growth and eventual rupture of intracranial aneurysms may be due to an underlying inflammatory process as evidenced by pathological examination of aneurysm walls. We hypothesize that unruptured aneurysms have an increased inflammatory milieu within their lumen in comparison to the rest of the cerebral arterial vascular system. Blood was sampled from unruptured aneurysms in patients presenting for aneurysm coil embolization and C3 and C4 complement values from this serum were compared with complement values in the parent artery.

Nanoparticle Delivery of Anti-inflammatory LNA Oligonucleotides Prevents Airway Inflammation in a HDM Model of Asthma.

To address the problem of poor asthma control due to drug resistance, an antisense oligonucleotide complementary to mmu-miR-145a-5p (antimiR-145) was tested in a house dust mite mouse model of mild/moderate asthma. miR-145 was targeted to reduce inflammation, regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, and promote differentiation of structural cells. In addition, several chemical variations of a nontargeting oligonucleotide were tested to define sequence-dependent effects of the miRNA antagonist.