Assessment of routine pre-operative group and save testing in patients undergoing cholecystectomy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Routine group and save (G&S) testing is frequently performed prior to cholecystectomy, despite growing evidence that a targeted approach is safe and avoids unnecessary investigations. This retrospective cohort study explored frequency of testing in our unit, rates of peri-operative blood transfusion and pre-operative risk factors for requiring transfusion.

Methods: Health records of 453 consecutive adults who underwent cholecystectomy in a UK NHS trust were reviewed for blood transfusion up to 30 days post-operatively.

A Critical Analysis of Rectal Biopsy to Exclude Hirschsprung's Disease.

Introduction:  Most Hirschsprung's disease (HD) are diagnosed in young children with increased risk ("red flag"). Older children (>6 months) require open rectal biopsy (ORB) with its own impact on risk and resources. We investigated if "red flag", age, and sex used in combination could exclude HD.

Charismatic Nonverbal Displays by Leaders Signal Receptivity and Formidability, and Tap Approach and Avoidance Motivational Systems.

Status cues and signals act as guidance systems by regulating social approach and avoidance. Applied to leadership, we hypothesized that nonverbal displays conveying the dual-status messages of receptivity and formidability and the approach/avoidance motives they activate set conditions for charismatic, leader-follower relationships. We investigated of charisma, the associated with them, the they energize, and the they support across levels of analysis.

Epigenome-Wide Association Study Reveals Duration of Breastfeeding Is Associated with Epigenetic Differences in Children.

Several small studies have shown associations between breastfeeding and genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm). We performed a comprehensive Epigenome-Wide Association Study (EWAS) to identify associations between breastfeeding and DNAm patterns in childhood. We analysed DNAm data from the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort at birth, 10, 18 and 26 years.

Duration of breastfeeding is associated with leptin (LEP) DNA methylation profiles and BMI in 10-year-old children.

Background: Breastfeeding is protective against many long-term diseases, yet the mechanisms involved are unknown. Leptin gene (LEP) is reported to be associated with body mass index (BMI). On the other hand, breastfeeding duration has been found to be associated with DNA methylation (DNAm) of the LEP gene.