Publications by authors named "W Shannon"
Background: Microbiota-based treatments are effective in preventing recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI). Fecal microbiota, live-jslm (REBYOTA®; RBL, previously RBX2660) was shown to prevent rCDI in a phase 3, randomized, double-blinded placebo controlled clinical trial (PUNCH™ CD3).
Methods: Stool samples from participants in PUNCH™ CD3 who received a single blinded dose of rectally administered RBL or placebo were sequenced to determine microbial community composition and calculate the Microbiome Health Index for post-antibiotic dysbiosis (MHI-A).
Article Synopsis
- Pyrimidines, particularly uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP), play a crucial role in cellular metabolism by supporting pyruvate oxidation and the TCA cycle, unlike purines which are more well-studied.
- Depletion of cellular pyrimidines reduces the synthesis of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), essential for pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, which is necessary for metabolic processes.
- UTP acts as a preferred substrate for TPK1, facilitating TPP synthesis, which is vital for maintaining metabolic functions such as lipogenesis and adipocyte differentiation.
Article Synopsis
- This study introduces boson sampling using interacting atoms from the noncondensed fraction of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) gas as a method to explore complex computational problems and quantum supremacy in many-body systems.
- By applying the Hafnian master theorem, the researchers derive calculations related to atom numbers and their statistics, highlighting the significance of interatomic interactions in the system.
- The findings suggest that essential components for ♯P-hardness, such as squeezing and interference, arise naturally in the gas system without needing external squeezed boson sources.
Microbiome-based therapeutics are increasingly evaluated as a strategy to reduce recurrent infection (rCDI), with proposed mechanisms including restoration of the microbiota and microbiota-mediated functions, such as bile acid (BA) metabolism. This study reports a quantitative and sensitive assay for targeted metabolomic assessment, and the application of the assay to profile BA composition in a Phase 2 trial of the investigational microbiota-based live biotherapeutic RBX2660 for reduction of rCDI. A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to extract and quantify 35 BAs from 113 participant stool samples from 27 RBX2660-treated rCDI participants in the double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe propose a multi-qubit Bose-Einstein-condensate (BEC) trap as a platform for studies of quantum statistical phenomena in many-body interacting systems. In particular, it could facilitate testing atomic boson sampling of the excited-state occupations and its quantum advantage over classical computing in a full, controllable and clear way. Contrary to a linear interferometer enabling Gaussian boson sampling of non-interacting non-equilibrium photons, the BEC trap platform pertains to an interacting equilibrium many-body system of atoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF