Causality of genetically determined glucosamine supplementation on cognition and sarcopenia: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Evidence indicates a negative link between glucosamine and age-related cognitive decline and sarcopenia. However, the causal relationship remains uncertain. This study aims to verify whether glucosamine is causally associated with cognitive function and sarcopenia.

Runx2-NLRP3 Axis Orchestrates Matrix Stiffness-evoked Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Inflammation.

Arterial stiffening is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD) related cardiovascular events and is primarily attributed to the elevated matrix stiffness. Stiffened arteries are accompanied by low-grade inflammation, but the causal effects of matrix stiffness on inflammation remain unknown. For analysis of the relationship between arterial stiffness and vascular inflammation, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and aortic inflammatory markers were analyzed in an adenine-induced mouse model of CKD in chronological order.

Evaluation of parent reminder-recall letters to promote human papillomavirus vaccination.

Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake remains suboptimal. Our stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial found that reminder-recall letters sent to parents of age-eligible children significantly increased vaccine uptake compared to usual care. Subsequently, we conducted a process evaluation to assess the mechanisms of the letter's effectiveness.

Deficiency of Endothelial Impairs Pulmonary Vascular Angiogenesis and Predisposes Pulmonary Hypertension.

Background: Mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel plays a key role in pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the role of Piezo2 in PH remains unclear.

Methods: Endothelial cell (EC)-specific knockout (, Tek-Cre; ) rats and primarily cultured pulmonary microvascular ECs were used to determine the role of Piezo2 in PH.

A modular approach to catalytic stereoselective synthesis of chiral 1,2-diols and 1,3-diols.

Optically pure 1,2-diols and 1,3-diols are the most privileged structural motifs, widely present in natural products, pharmaceuticals and chiral auxiliaries or ligands. However, their synthesis relies on the use of toxic or expensive metal catalysts or suffer from low regioselectivity. Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of optically pure 1,n-diols from bulk chemicals in a highly stereoselective and atom-economical manner remains a formidable challenge.