Inverse agonism of the FFA4 free fatty acid receptor controls both adipogenesis and mature adipocyte function.

Adipocyte disfunction is an important component of many metabolic disorders and there is a need for pharmacological approaches that can restore normal adipocyte function. The FFA4 receptor is a G protein coupled receptor (GPCR), activated by long chain free fatty acids (FFAs), that controls adipocyte function. Importantly, adipocytes produce FFAs, which may directly activate FFA4 and there is a need to better understand how FFAs produced by adipocytes interact with FFA4 signalling.

Exploring the Safety and Efficacy of Glutathione Supplementation for Skin Lightening: A Narrative Review.

The rising demand for skin-lightening products has brought glutathione, a tripeptide with antioxidant properties and melanogenesis-regulating effects, into focus as a potentially safer alternative to conventional agents. This narrative review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral, topical, and intravenous glutathione in skin-lightening therapies. Oral administration shows significant but variable decreases in melanin levels with limited side effects.

The impact of implementing a strategy on the rate reduction of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) in national health care facilities in Saudi Arabia.

Background: To address catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) in adult medical surgical (M/S) intensive care units ICUs, a strategy known as CAUTI out of nation (CAUTIoN) was implemented in MOH (Ministry of Health) facilities in KSA (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of a national strategy, in healthcare facilities and evaluate the outcome of each strategy's components and to compare the pre and post intervention rates of CAUTI.

Methods: It was a retrospective, to assess changes in CAUTI rates after the implementation of strategy.

Coverage of Recommended Vaccination Among Adult Patients With Asthma in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Asthma prevalence among Saudi adults aged 20-44 years in Riyadh is high, with 11.3% reporting physician-diagnosed asthma, exceeding rates in most countries using similar methods. In Aseer province, one out of five adults is estimated to have asthma.

Alleviation of drought stress damages by melatonin and associated with adjusting photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidative system, and anatomical structure of (L.).

These experiments were performed to study the effect of exogenous treatment with melatonin at 100 μM and seed treatment with (10 CFU/cm) on growth, physio-biochemical characters, antioxidant enzymes, and anatomical features of soybean plants cv. Giza 111 under drought conditions. The findings showed that leaves number, nodules number, branches number, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, and maximum quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) were significantly reduced in soybean under drought stress.