An RCT to Increase Breast and Colorectal Cancer Screening.

Introduction: Adherence to breast and colorectal cancer screenings reduce mortality from these cancers, yet screening rates remain suboptimal. This 2 × 2 RCT compared 3 theory-based interventions to usual care to simultaneously increase breast and colon cancer screening in women who were nonadherent to both screenings at study entry.

Design: RCT.

A Randomized Trial to Compare a Tailored Web-Based Intervention and Tailored Phone Counseling to Usual Care for Increasing Colorectal Cancer Screening.

Background: Colorectal cancer mortality could be decreased with risk-appropriate cancer screening. We examined the efficacy of three tailored interventions compared with usual care for increasing screening adherence.

Methods: Women ( = 1,196) ages 51 to 74, from primary care networks and nonadherent to colorectal cancer guidelines, were randomized to (1) usual care, (2) tailored Web intervention, (3) tailored phone intervention, or (4) tailored Web + phone intervention.

Classification tree analysis to examine influences on colorectal cancer screening.

Purpose: Identifying correlates of colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) is critical for cancer control and prevention. Classification tree analysis (CTA) is a potentially powerful analytic tool that can identify distinct population subgroups for which CRCS is influenced by any number of multivariable interactions. This study used CTA to identify correlates of CRCS for exclusive population subgroups.

Continuum of mammography use among US women: classification tree analysis.

Objectives: To identify women with low mammography utilization.

Methods: We used Classification Tree Analysis among women aged 42-80 from the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N = 169,427) to identify sub-groups along a continuum of screening.

Results: Women with neither a primary care provider nor health insurance had the lowest utilization (33.

Examining whether lung screening changes risk perceptions: National Lung Screening Trial participants at 1-year follow-up.

Background: The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) research team reported reduced lung cancer mortality among current and former smokers with a minimum 30 pack-year history who were screened with spiral computed tomography scans compared with chest x-rays. The objectives of the current study were to examine, at 1-year follow-up: 1) risk perceptions of lung cancer and smoking-related diseases and behavior change determinants, 2) whether changes in risk perceptions differed by baseline screening result; and 3) whether changes in risk perceptions affected smoking behavior.

Methods: A 25-item risk perception questionnaire was administered to a subset of participants at 8 American College of Radiology Imaging Network/NLST sites before initial and 1-year follow-up screens.