An improved Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy combined with partial least squares regression for rapid quantification of total aflatoxins in commercial chicken feeds and food grains.

Objective: This study aims to develop and validate an Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopic technique combined with a partial least squares regression (PLSR) model for rapid quantification and monitoring of aflatoxins in chicken feeds and food grains.

Materials And Methods: A model of ATR-FTIR-PLSR was developed using ATR-FTIR spectra of mixed aflatoxin standards in 100% acetonitrile (112 samples) and 75% methanol (112 samples), validated by testing its prediction on 125 feed/food samples spiked with variable concentrations of aflatoxins, and applied to screen 660 samples of commercial chicken feeds and food grains from Nigerian and Malaysian markets for total aflatoxins, for which the dietary exposure risks to aflatoxins (DERA) and associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risks were evaluated for both countries.

Results: The ATR-FTIR-PLSR model demonstrated excellent prediction power [ = 99.

Development of a novel fermented pumpkin-based beverage inoculated with water kefir grains: a response surface methodology approach.

Pumpkin () is well known for its health and nutritional benefits and is recommended for daily consumption. This is the first report on optimization and development of fermented pumpkin-based water kefir beverage. Optimum pumpkin puree and brown sugar concentrations were found at 22.

Reduction of postprandial blood glucose in healthy subjects by buns and flatbreads incorporated with fenugreek seed powder.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether fenugreek seed powder could reduce the glycemic response and glycemic index (GI) when added to buns and flatbreads.

Methods: In a randomised, controlled crossover trial, ten healthy human subjects (five men, five women) were given 50 g glucose (reference food, twice); buns (0 and 10 % fenugreek seed powder); and flatbreads (0 and 10 % fenugreek seed powder) on six different occasions. Finger prick capillary blood samples were collected at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min after the start of the meal.

The differential metabolite profiles of acute lymphoblastic leukaemic patients treated with 6-mercaptopurine using untargeted metabolomics approach.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) has posed challenges to the clinician due to variable patients' responses and late diagnosis. With the advance in metabolomics, early detection and personalised treatment are possible.

Methods: Metabolomic profile of 21 ALL patients treated with 6-mercaptopurine and 10 healthy volunteers were analysed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry quadrupole-time of flight (LC/MS Q-TOF).