Pax3 lineage-specific deletion of Gpr161 is associated with spinal neural tube and craniofacial malformations during embryonic development.

Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling is the morphogen signaling that regulates embryonic craniofacial and neural tube development. G protein-coupled receptor 161 (Gpr161) is a negative regulator of Shh signaling, and its inactivation in mice results in embryo lethality associated with craniofacial defects and neural tube defects. However, the structural defects of later embryonic stages and cell lineages underlying abnormalities have not been well characterized due to the limited lifespan of Gpr161 null mice.

lineage-specific deletion of is associated with spinal neural tube and craniofacial malformations during embryonic development.

Shh signaling is the morphogen signaling that regulates embryonic craniofacial and neural tube development. G protein-coupled receptor 161 (Gpr161) is a negative regulator of Shh signaling, and its inactivation in mice results in embryo lethality with craniofacial and neural tube defects (NTDs). However, the structural defects of later embryonic stages in null mice and cell lineages underlying abnormalities were not well characterized due to their limited lifespan.

Water sources and composition of dissolved gases and bubbles in a saline high Arctic spring.

We investigate the water sources for a perennial spring, "Little Black Pond," located at Expedition Fiord, Axel Heiberg Island in the Canadian High Arctic based on dissolved gases. We measured the dissolved O2 in the likely sources Phantom Lake and Astro Lake and the composition of noble gases (3He/4He, 4He, Ne,36Ar, 40Ar, Kr, Xe), N2, O2, CO2, H2S, CH4, and tritium dissolved in the outflow water and bubbles emanating from the spring. The spring is associated with gypsum-anhydrite piercement structures and occurs in a region of thick, continuous permafrost (400-600 m).

Efficacy of a multimedia intervention in facilitating breast cancer patients' clinical communication about sexual health: Results of a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Many women with breast cancer (BC) hesitate to raise sexual concerns clinically. We evaluated a multimedia intervention to facilitate BC patients' communication about sexual/menopausal health, called Starting the Conversation (STC).

Methods: Female BC patients (N = 144) were randomly assigned to either STC (20-min video, workbook, and resource guide) or control (resource guide only).

The Importance of Incorporating Landscape Change for Predictions of Climate-Induced Plant Phenological Shifts.

Warming in the high Arctic is occurring at the fastest rate on the planet, raising concerns over how this global change driver will influence plant community composition, the timing of vegetation phenological events, and the wildlife that rely on them. In this region, as much as 50% of near-surface permafrost is composed of thermally sensitive ground ice that when melted produces substantial changes in topography and microbiome conditions. We take advantage of natural variations in permafrost melt to conduct a space-for-time study on Ellesmere Island in northern Canada.