Molecular epidemiology of human papillomavirus genotype in women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and cervical cancer: will a quadrivalent vaccine be necessary in Thailand?

This study was designed to investigate the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes among a group of patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or worse cytology. Consequently, the genotype-specific HPV infection in a group of HSIL and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) samples was described. Specimens were collected prospectively from 132 women referred for colposcopic examination.

An integrated bioinformatics approach to the characterization of influenza A/H5N1 viral sequences by microarray data: Implication for monitoring H5N1 emerging strains and designing appropriate influenza vaccines.

In order to characterize A/H5N1 viral sequences, a bioinformatics approach accurately identified viral sequences from discovery of a sequence signature, which provided enough distinctive information for sequence identification. Eight highly pathogenic H5N1 viral isolations were collected from different areas of Thailand between 2003 and 2006, and were used for analysis of H5N1 genotypic testing with a semiconductor-based oligonucleotide microarray. All H5N1 samples and H1N1, H4N8 negative controls were correctly subtyped.

Qualitative detection of avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses: a comparative evaluation of four real-time nucleic acid amplification methods.

The aim of this study was to determine the performance of real-time amplification based methods - NASBA, TaqMan, RT-FRET, and RT-PCR LUXtrade mark formats - for the detection of influenza A (H5N1) virus RNA. In an analysis of 54 samples obtained from a range of animal species in Thailand during the period 2003-2006, results showed that the NASBA (H5=98.2%, N1=96.

Prevalence and risk factors for developing K65R mutations among HIV-1 infected patients who fail an initial regimen of fixed-dose combination of stavudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine.

Background: A fixed-dose combination of stavudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine (d4T/3TC/NVP) is extensively used as initial antiretroviral regimen in developing countries. K65R mutations that occur after failing this regimen prevent the use of tenofovir, didanosine, and abcavir in the second-line regimen.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of K65R mutations after failing d4T/3TC/NVP.

Quantitative detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral load by real-time RT-PCR assay using self-quenched fluorogenic primers.

HIV-1 viral load is a basic marker to evaluate the severity of HIV-1 related diseases and to monitor the effectiveness of treatment. A method based on real-time RT-PCR technology has been developed to quantify HIV-1 RNA using self-quenched fluorogenic primers known as LUX primers. They were used in this study to recognize a low variable gag region of subtype E and B consensus sequences.