Vitamin K Antagonist Use and Level of Anticoagulation Control Among Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Tanzania.

Background: Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) continue to be the principal anticoagulants for both the treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolism. The use of VKA often requires regular monitoring to avoid over-anticoagulation and prevent thromboembolic complications. The aim was to determine the indication for VKA use and factors associated with suboptimal anticoagulation control among patients in northern Tanzania.

Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among People Living With HIV on Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in Northern Tanzania.

Purpose: Chronic systemic inflammation from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may cause metabolic abnormalities in lipid metabolism. Additionally, the development of metabolic syndrome has been associated with specific anti-retroviral therapy, particularly dolutegravir. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV on dolutegravir-based anti-retroviral therapy.

Pnictogen Dications Supported by BZIMPY Ligands.

Two homologous series of pnictogen(III) dications, stabilized by 2,6-bis(benzimidazole-2-yl)pyridine ligands have been prepared. Both series contain Pn-X moieties (Pn = P, As, Sb, Bi; X = Cl or Ph) and have been fully characterized using spectroscopic methods including X-ray crystallography. The Lewis acidity of these compounds has also been probed by computational methods; the results suggest that the dictations are strong Lewis acids, with the PnCl compounds being more acidic than the PnPh compounds, and with Lewis acidity increasing from P to Bi, in both series.

Lack of Association of Vascular Risk Factors with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders in cART-Treated Adults Aged ≥ 50 Years in Tanzania.

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are highly prevalent in those ageing with HIV. High-income country data suggest that vascular risk factors (VRFs) may be stronger predictors of HAND than HIV-disease severity, but data from sub-Saharan Africa are lacking. We evaluated relationships of VRFs, vascular end-organ damage and HAND in individuals aged ≥ 50 in Tanzania.

Neuropsychological tests associated with symptomatic HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) in a cohort of older adults in Tanzania.

Objective: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) prevalence is expected to increase in East Africa as treatment coverage increases, survival improves, and this population ages. This study aimed to better understand the current cognitive phenotype of this newly emergent population of older combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)-treated people living with HIV (PLWH), in which current screening measures lack accuracy. This will facilitate the refinement of HAND cognitive screening tools for this setting.