Otolith mineralogy affects otolith shape asymmetry: a comparison of hatchery and natural origin Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).

Many aspects of natural and hatchery origin salmonid genetics, physiology, behaviour, anatomy and life histories have been compared due to the concerns about what effects domestication and hatchery rearing conditions have on fitness. Genetic and environmental stressors associated with hatchery rearing could cause greater developmental instability (DI), and therefore a higher degree of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in various bilaterally paired characters, such as otoliths. Nonetheless, to appropriately infer the effects of DI on otolith asymmetry, otolith mineralogy must be accounted for.

Chinook and Coho salmon hybrids linked to habitat and climatic changes on Vancouver Island, British Columbia.

Between 2013 and 2019, 63 presumed Chinook salmon sampled primarily in the Strait of Georgia (0.63% of total sample) were identified as potential Chinook-Coho () hybrids by the presence of anomalous microsatellite genotypes. Their hybrid origin was confirmed by single nucleotide polymorphism amplification of two species-specific amplicons.

The enigma of reversed asymmetry in lithodid crabs: absence of evidence for heritability or induction of morphological handedness in Lopholithodes foraminatus.

Mutations or environmental factors that result in reversal of conspicuous left-right asymmetries provide an opportunity to study developmental mechanisms. They may also provide insight into evolutionary changes in asymmetry states within and between species. King crabs (family Lithodidae) have a larger right claw and females typically exhibit a dextrally offset abdomen.

A reappraisal of the incremental packing technique for light cured composite resins.

The cuspal flexure caused by a direct placement composite resin was measured using a technique that did not interfere with cuspal movement. Twenty upper premolar teeth with mesial-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavity preparations were restored using a posterior composite resin. Ten teeth were restored using a bulk packing technique and 10 were restored using three 'U' shaped bucco-lingual increments.

Proteasomes modulate balance among proapoptotic and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members and compromise functioning of the electron transport chain in leukemic cells.

The mechanism underlying apoptosis induced by proteasome inhibition in leukemic Jurkat and Namalwa cells was investigated in this study. The proteasome inhibitor lactacystin differentially regulated the protein levels of proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members and Bik was accumulated at the mitochondria. Bik overexpression sufficed to induce apoptosis in these cells.