A new cytogenetic approach for the evaluation of mutagenic potential of chemicals that induce cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase.

The aim of the present study was to develop and standardize a cytogenetic approach for evaluation of the mutagenic potential of chemicals that induce cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase. Even though cytogenetic end-points such as sister chromatid exchange (SCE) have been extensively used to indirectly assess the DNA-damaging potential of various chemicals, they are based on metaphase chromosome analysis. Cells delayed in G2 phase after chemical exposure are not included in conventional SCE analysis.

Influence of recombinant human erythropoietin therapy on plasma endothelin-1 levels during hemodialysis.

The correction of anemia with human recombinant erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in end stage renal disease is associated with hypertension in about one third of hemodialysis patients. The pathogenesis of the rHuEPO-induced hypertension is still uncertain, though evidence of the involvement of endothelial cells has emerged. The aim of this study was to determine plasma endothelin-1 during hemodialysis and to compare the endothelin-1 levels in hemodialysis patients with and without rHuEPO substitution.

Urinary thymidine glycol as a biomarker for oxidative stress after kidney transplantation.

Reactive oxygen species are generated during ischemia-reperfusion tissue injury. Oxidation of thymidine by hydroxyl radicals (HO*) causes formation of 5,6-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydrothymidine (thymidine glycol). Thymidine glycol excreted in urine can be used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage.

Selenium deficiency and thyroid function in acute renal failure.

The lethality of acute renal failure exceeds 50% due to multiorgan dysfunction. In such critically ill patients a reduction of thyroid hormone concentrations without clinical symptoms or laboratory evidence of hypothyroidism frequently occurs. Selenium has recently been shown to play a major role in thyroid hormone metabolism.

[An absent correlation between antioxidant blood concentrations and the remission response of preoperatively treated breast carcinomas].

Purpose: Deleterious effects of ionizing radiation and some chemotherapeutic agents are predominantly caused by reactive oxygen agents which are detoxified by antioxidants. This study was designed to evaluate the modifying effects of vitamin A-, vitamin E- and selenium serum concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activity on preoperative radio- and chemotherapy of breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: Tumor volume, vitamin A-, vitamin E-, selenium serum concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activity in circulating erythrocytes were determined in 40 patients with breast cancer before treatment.