Effect of Ph on the Physicochemical Properties of a Cassava Peel Starch Biopolymer.

Background/aims: This study investigates how pH levels affect the characteristics of biopolymer films manufactured from cassava peel starch. Cassava peel starch's abundance and biodegradability make it a promising candidate for sustainable packaging. The study seeks to improve film qualities such as thickness, density, moisture content, solubility, and optical properties by altering pH levels.

Analysis of recent land management initiatives in Nicaragua from the perspective of the "ecosystem approach".

In the world there are approximately 608 million farms, of which 84% are small farms and produce 35% of the food of the world population. Training programs have been promoted by different organizations to achieve a more sustainable and efficient agricultural practice. Within this context, this article has classified a set of smallholders located in central Nicaragua with regard to how they apply Land Use Management Initiatives (LUMI).

Single-neuronal elements of speech production in humans.

Humans are capable of generating extraordinarily diverse articulatory movement combinations to produce meaningful speech. This ability to orchestrate specific phonetic sequences, and their syllabification and inflection over subsecond timescales allows us to produce thousands of word sounds and is a core component of language. The fundamental cellular units and constructs by which we plan and produce words during speech, however, remain largely unknown.

Specific afterdischarge properties can enhance the clinical utility of electrical stimulation mapping during intracranial monitoring.

Objective: Extraoperative electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) facilitates defining the seizure onset zone (SOZ) and eloquent cortex. The clinical relevance of stimulation-induced afterdischarges (ADs) is not well defined.

Methods: Fifty-five patients who underwent intracranial electroencephalogram evaluations with ECS were retrospectively identified.