Efficacy of inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine in rural India: a 3-year cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Background: Paediatric vaccination against influenza can result in indirect protection, by reducing transmission to their unvaccinated contacts. We investigated whether influenza vaccination of children would protect them and their household members in a resource-limited setting.

Methods: We did a cluster-randomised, blinded, controlled study in three villages in India.

Co-Circulation of 72bp Duplication Group A and 60bp Duplication Group B Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Strains in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during 2014.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important viral pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection (ARI). Limited data are available on molecular epidemiology of RSV from Saudi Arabia. A total of 130 nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children less than 5 years of age with ARI symptoms attending the Emergency Department at King Khalid University Hospital and King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between October and December, 2014.

Retrospective phylogenetic analysis of circulating BA genotype of human respiratory syncytial virus with 60 bp duplication from New Delhi, India during 2007-2010.

Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the most common viral pathogen of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children. The G protein of hRSV is the trans-membrane glycoprotein that is involved in the attachment of virion with the host cell. The nasopharyngeal aspirates were subjected to RT-PCR for the second hypervariable region of the G protein gene in the present investigation.

Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Mediates RSV Infection in Vitro and in Vivo.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is an important human pathogen associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. The present study tested the hypothesis that RSV infection would increase matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression, and that MMP-9 inhibition would decrease RSV replication both in vitro and in vivo. RSV A2 infection of human bronchial epithelial cells increased MMP-9 mRNA and protein release.