Effectiveness and safety of oral vancomycin for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis: a systematic review and pooled analysis.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) occurs in up to 70%-80% of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Oral vancomycin therapy (OVT) has been reported to be effective in the treatment of IBD associated with PSC (IBD-PSC).

Objectives: To examine the effectiveness and safety of OVT in the treatment of IBD-PSC by performing a systematic review and pooled analysis of the literature.

Factors associated with successful weight loss after liraglutide treatment for obesity.

Aim: To identify patient factors, including gastrointestinal functions, that are predictive or associated with weight loss in response to once-daily 3 mg liraglutide administered subcutaneously (SQ) or placebo in obesity.

Methods: One hundred and thirty-six obese adults (87% female) were randomized in a placebo-controlled, 16-week trial of liraglutide, escalated to 3 mg administered SQ daily. Gastrointestinal functions were measured at baseline and 16 weeks: gastric emptying of solids (GET ); fasting and postprandial gastric volumes; kcal ingested during ad libitum buffet meal and the nutrient drink test.

Comprehensive characterization of antral and pyloric contractions by high resolution manometry: applied physiology in suspected gastroparesis.

Delayed gastric emptying may result from diverse pathophysiological mechanisms including antral hypomotility and pylorospasm. With increasing use of gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy and preliminary evidence of efficacy, our aim was to assess the motor functions of the distal antrum and pylorus in patients with symptoms of gastroparesis using high-resolution antropyloroduodenal manometry (HR-ADM). Sixteen patients with symptoms suggestive of gastroparesis underwent HR-ADM with 13 sensors, 1 cm apart, placed across the antropyloroduodenal (APD) junction and 2 sensors, 10 cm apart, in descending and distal duodenum.

Comparison of biochemical, microbial and mucosal mRNA expression in bile acid diarrhoea and irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea.

Objective: There are altered mucosal functions in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D); ~30% of patients with IBS-D have abnormal bile acid (BA) metabolism (ABAM) and diarrhoea (summarised as BAD).

Aim: To compare biochemical parameters, gastrointestinal and colonic transit, rectal sensation and pathobiological mechanisms in IBS-D without ABAM and in BAD (serum 7C4>52 ng/mL).

Design: In patients with Rome III criteria of IBS-D, we compared biochemical features, colonic transit, rectal sensation, deep genotype of five BA-related genes, ileal and colonic mucosal mRNA (differential expression (DE) analysis) and stool dysbiosis (including functional analysis of microbiome).