Background: A refrigerator-stable rotavirus (RV) vaccine that withstands gastric acid is anticipated to permit more widespread use of RV vaccine.
Objective: We investigated for the first time in infants an oral, liquid formulation of G1 and G2 human bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine (HRRV) with a new stabilizer/buffer (S/B) containing sucrose, sodium phosphate and sodium citrate.
Methods: During 1997 through 1998, 731 healthy infants approximately 2 to 4 months of age were enrolled at 19 US sites to receive 3 HRRV or placebo doses approximately 6 to 8 weeks apart in a partially double blinded study.
Children with acute otitis media underwent tympanocentesis and were given a single dose of 30 mg of azithromycin/kg of body weight. At day 28, the overall clinical cure rate was 206 of 242 (85%). Clinical cure rates for patients infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae (67 of 76; 88%) and Haemophilus influenzae (28 of 44; 64%) were consistent with historical rates for the 5-day dosing regimen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Infants fed a soy protein isolate-based formula have immunization responses similar to breast-fed infants. However, cellular aspects of the immunologic development of soy-fed infants have not been studied extensively. Nucleotides added to milk-based formula benefit infant immune status, but reports of the immunologic effects of adding nucleotides to soy-based formula are not available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Immunologic development of soy-fed infants has not been extensively studied. Early studies of soy flour-based formulas showed decreased immunoglobulin production when soy protein intake was limited. However, there were no significant differences in rotavirus vaccine responses between breast-fed and soy protein isolate-based formula-fed infants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatitis B and its sequelae are a major public health problem. Vaccines have been available for almost 20 years; however the disease still remains a global problem. Many factors contribute to the failure to control hepatitis B, including the limited nature of the vaccination programs implemented initially.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF