Durability of the moderate-to-heavy-intensity transition is related to the effects of prolonged exercise on severe-intensity performance.

Purpose: Power output at the moderate-to-heavy-intensity transition decreases during prolonged exercise, and resilience to this has been termed 'durability'. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between durability and the effect of prolonged exercise on severe-intensity performance, and explore intramuscular correlates of durability.

Methods: On separate days, 13 well-trained cyclists and triathletes (V̇Opeak, 57.

Locally applied heat stress during exercise training may promote adaptations to mitochondrial enzyme activities in skeletal muscle.

There is some evidence for temperature-dependent stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis; however, the role of elevated muscle temperature during exercise in mitochondrial adaptation to training has not been studied in humans in vivo. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of elevating muscle temperature during exercise in temperate conditions through the application of mild, local heat stress on mitochondrial adaptations to endurance training. Eight endurance-trained males undertook 3 weeks of supervised cycling training, during which mild (~ 40 °C) heat stress was applied locally to the upper-leg musculature of one leg during all training sessions (HEAT), with the contralateral leg serving as the non-heated, exercising control (CON).

Monitoring of the Initial Stages of Diamond Growth on Aluminum Nitride Using In Situ Spectroscopic Ellipsometry.

The high thermal conductivity of polycrystalline diamond makes it ideally suited for thermal management solutions for gallium nitride (GaN) devices, with a diamond layer grown on an aluminum nitride (AlN) interlayer atop the GaN stack. However, this application is limited by the thermal barrier at the interface between diamond and substrate, which has been associated with the transition region formed in the initial phases of growth. In this work, in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) is employed to monitor early-stage microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition diamond growth on AlN.

Skeletal muscle proteins involved in fatty acid transport influence fatty acid oxidation rates observed during exercise.

Several proteins are implicated in transmembrane fatty acid transport. The purpose of this study was to quantify the variation in fatty acid oxidation rates during exercise explained by skeletal muscle proteins involved in fatty acid transport. Seventeen endurance-trained males underwent a (i) fasted, incremental cycling test to estimate peak whole-body fatty acid oxidation rate (PFO), (ii) resting vastus lateralis microbiopsy, and (iii) 2 h of fed-state, moderate-intensity cycling to estimate whole-body fatty acid oxidation during fed-state exercise (FO).

Do Age, Demographics, and Tear Characteristics Affect Outcomes After Rotator Cuff Repair? Results of Over 2000 Rotator Cuff Repairs at 5-Year Follow-up.

Background: The New Zealand Rotator Cuff Registry represents the largest prospective cohort of rotator cuff repairs. Despite this, there are limited medium- to long-term data of rotator cuff repair outcomes.

Purpose: To (1) analyze the pain and functional outcomes of a large cohort of primary rotator cuff repairs and (2) evaluate the effect of patient factors and tear characteristics on medium-term outcomes.